• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.313-322
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• 2019

Early childhood caries is a global healthcare concern in developing and industrialized countries. If left untreated, it leads to immediate and long-term complications that affect the well-being and quality of life of concerned families. Therefore, many preventive and treatment approaches are available to the healthcare provider to curb this virulent form of caries. After behavioral interventions, general anesthesia is used in specific settings when a young patient presents with extensive teeth damage and exhibits a lack of cooperation that is incompatible with conventional dental office care. However, without proper follow-up, any positive results might be lost over time.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.337-347
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• 2009

Dental caries during infantile and early childhood period is a complex disease resulting from multiple caries factors. Streptococcus mutans(S. mutans) plays a critical role in the initiation of caries, and its early transmission through mothers provides a strong etiologic factor for future development of caries in the primary dentition. Therefore, early detection of caries risk factor is important for prevention of caries. Recent studies about etiologic factors of caries have brought advent of various tools for caries risk assessment in order to predict progress of caries more accurately. Cariogram is a common tool for caries risk assessment, which illustrates present caries risk assessment and correlation of caries risk factors for an individual graphically. The aim of this study was to assess if there is any correlation in the level of S. mutans and caries activity and to verify the effect of caries risk factors between children with age ranging from 3 to 5 years with severe early childhood caries(S-ECC) and their mothers using caries-related salivary test and Cariogram. The results of this study were as follows. 1. Children with S-ECC had a statistically higher level of Streptococcus mutans compared to caries-free children(p<0.05). 2. There was significant correlation between mothers and their children in the aspect of the level of Streptococcus mutans(p<0.05). 3. When caries activity was assessed using Cariogram, significant correlation between mothers and their children was found(p<0.05). 4. When each caries risk factor was evaluated for its affect on caries activity, host was more influential factor compared to microorganism and diet in children. Based on these results, we could conclude that assessing the level of S. mutans can be an effective tool for predicting possibility of caries formation in future. Since prediction of future caries progression and evaluation of caries risk factor became possible with Cariogram, we may conduct early and preventive measures for treatment of caries.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.233-239
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• 2016

This study compared and analyzed the tooth brushing time per day and dental caries in 1-13-year-old children in the stage of the completion of their permanent teeth based on the 6th primitive at data of objective National Health Nutrition Survey. The results show a meaningful difference between the DMFT and dental caries experience. In particular, the group with a lower toothbrushing rate after lunch generally have a higher incidence of dental caries.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.383-389
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of severe early childhood caries and feeding pratices in preschool children. The subjects of study were six hundred and seventy-two preschool children in Iksan city. Severe early childhood caries(S-ECC) was defined as the presence of one or more cavitated, missing due to caries, or filled smooth surfaces in primary maxillary anterior teeth. The caregivers of children were given a questionnaire including age, gender, birthweight, and feeding practices. The prevalence of S-ECC was 34.5%. The prevalence was significantly higher when there were the habit of sleeping while feeding, the habit of feeding sour or sweet content in the bottle, and the habit of using the pacifier. Birth weight, breast-feeding, bottle-feeding, and the sippy cup habit showed no significant association with the prevalence of S-ECC. There were significant positive associations between breast-feeding and sleeping while feeding, between bottle-feeding and the pacifier, between sleeping while feeding and sour or sweet content in the bottle, between sleeping while feeding and the sippy cup, between sleeping while feeding and the pacifier, and between the sippy cup and the pacifier. There were significant negative associations between breast-feeding and the pacifier.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2011

A person with neurological disorder is defined as a person with limitation of ambulation or basic life activity due to the cerebral palsy or traumatic brain damage, stroke. Recently, the DMFT of the children with neurological disorders is similar or lower than the DMFT of the children with no disability. But, this article is about the severe-early childhood caries in children with grade 1 neurological disorder. It is supposed that the primary motor impairment and secondary physical weakness, frequent hospitalization, sugar- rich food and drugs, lack of oral care, delayed dental visit made high caries susceptibility. In case of treatment of the children with severe neurological disorders, dentists should make a thorough caries preventive plan based on individualized caries risk assessment. Also parents and medical doctors should recognize the importance of oral care and do the early dental visit and home care.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.678-683
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• 2003

Preschool children in Iksan city, 3-5 years old, were examined for their prevalence of severe early childhood caries. The case definition was 1 or more cavitated, filled, or missing (due to caries) smooth surfaces in primary maxillary anterior teeth. Feeding behavior and oral hygiene behavior were investigated by a questionnaire. The prevalence was 20.8% for 36-47 months, 23.6% for 48-59 months, and 30.8% for 60-71 months. Going to sleep with bottle beyond 1 year (P<0.05), immediate removal of bottle after child fell on sleep (P<0.01), beginning time of toothbrushing (P<0.01) had significant relationship with the prevalence of severe early childhood caries. Toothbrushing frequency of primary care provider and use of oral cleaning aids by primary care provider had a tendency to be related with the prevalence(P<0.10).

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.526-531
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• 2010

Early childhood caries which mainly affect maxillary anterior area, defined as 'the presence of 1 or more decayed, missing, or filled tooth surfaces in any primary tooth in a child 71 months of age or younger'. Extraction of teeth when early childhood caries affected in maxillary primary incisors often develops progressively, result in severe destruction of crowns, acute or chronic pulpitis, and periapical abscess formation. Maxillary primary incisors are need to preserve as possible, because the early loss of maxillary primary incisors may lead to various functional, esthetical, and psychological problems. It is necessary to the availability of an easy to perform technique capable of providing efficient, durable, functional, and esthetic restorative methods. Polyethylene fiber-reinforced post can be used in strengthen of composite resins that is esthetic and good physical and mechanical properties. $Ribbond^{(R)}$ is made from an polyethylene fiber, has numerous usages, its surface is treated to enhance adhesion to resins, ease of manipulation, relatively cost effective. We report this case, had restored of maxillary primary incisors with severe coronal destruction due to affecting severe early childhood caries, using polyethylene fiber-reinforced posts, composite resin cores, and celluloid crowns. We could obtain good result of treatment.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.407-417
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• 2018

To investigate knowledge and attitude of parents about early childhood caries and dental caries prevention, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 247 parents of children who had oral screening experience among 3 to 5 years old children in 3 kindergartens in Jeonju city. A total of 220 completed questionnaires were selected for final analysis. The overall perception of the parents about oral health of the children was 82.3 points (10.7 / 13) in terms of 100 points. There were statistically significant correlations between maternal age (p = 0.027), maternal education level (p = 0.002), household monthly income (p = 0.000) and maternal oral health knowledge level. The main source of oral health information was 'dentist and dental hygienist'(83.6%) followed by 'Web search'(22.3%). Compared with the previous studies, the level of knowledge of parents about oral health of the children was improved. However, in order to raise awareness of the parents about the poorly assessed items in this study, it is necessary to increase the participation rate by advertising the national dental screening program for infants and children and make efforts to improve the quality of oral health education in screening.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.21-24
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• 2002

It is important to practice preventive method to control oral disease. Dental caries tendency has been decreased in developed countries, but early childhood caries(ECC, BBTD) became serious dental problems in many countries. To slove these problems, more positive and definite prenatal programs on infants and child are needed. Mostly the control of oral health was affected by a mother's knowledge and behavior in this stage. According to many studies, prenatal education is the most effective method to promote oral health in children. But in Korea, there is little oral health education programs for pregnant women, nursing mothers, infants and children. The purpose of this study was to access the knowledge and opinions of caries prevention among gravid women. 330 pregnant women(primiparae=181, multiparae=149), aged 23 to 39 years were randomly selected at prenatal health education courses in Seoul, Korea, 2000. Face-to-Face interviews were conducted by a trained interviewer using questionnaires included demographics, attitude toward children's dental cares, knowledge of early childhood caries, knowledge concerning pregnancy and oral health. The obtained results were as follows; (1) Most respondents were very concerned about their children's oral health. (2) 58% of the respondents were unaware of early childhood caries and the proportion was significantly higher among primipara (p<0.05). (3) Only 43% of the respondents believed that improper breast feeding could develop ECC, the proportion was significantly higher among primipara(p<0.05). (4) 82% of the respondents reportedly believed that the fetus takes away calcium from the mother's teeth during pregnancy. (5) 71% of the respondents believed that dental treatment during pregnancy was unsafe. There is a relatively low level of accurate knowledge regarding infant nutritions, maternal need for oral health and dental caries prevention among pregnant women. Oral health education and promotion programs that are science-based are needed for gravid women.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 2005

Dental caries is the most prevalent dental issue of childhood. So it is important to control caries form 5 years children and above all, the study of oral health status have been preceding for preventive dental caries. The purpose of this study was to assess the oral health status of 5 years children in seongnam city. The study population consisted of 1035 kindergraten children which had been selected stratified random sampling. The survey is based on WHO, 2000 oral health assessment, which has been modified. From data dt index, ft index, dft index, dt rate, ft rate, percentage of active caries, percentage of pit and fissure sealant, and so on. The findings were as follows: (1) In 5 years children, the experience of dental caries was 73.0% and the percentage with active caries was 49.4%. Dmf index was 4.13 and this observation shows a statistical singnificance. (2) Average number of 5 years children the experience of dental caries surface index was 3.11 and dfts index was 8.91. (3) The experience of dental caries fo the frist molar was 1.9% and the percentage with active caries was 1.1%. Otherwise the percentage of pit and fissure sealant of the first molar was 6.7%. It is show the low percentage for preventive dental caries. (4) Shows percentage of teeth needing treatment for one surface and above two surface was each 27.3%, 34.0%. And percentage of children required single crown and pulp treatment & single crown and tooth extraction was each 3.8%, 4.7%, 3.3%. (5) Soojung-gu and jungwon-gu were having poor oral hygiene as compared to bundang-gu. So it is necessary to establish community oral health program effectively. And for preventive dental caries and early diagnosis and early treatment consider with community characteristic.