• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1027-1039
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• 1995

Clothing fitness is strongly required in the apparel industry, and draping is an effective tool to increase fitness to the wearers. A more sophisticated and systematic information of the somatotype, accordingly, is necessary for better cress form design. This study was performed to provide fundamental data on middle aged women's upper torso for dress form designers and pattern makers by classifying the somatotype based on each individual's lateral view, and analyzing the characteristics of their somatotype. Data were analyzed by factor analysis, cluster analysis, analysis of variance. Factor analysis was used to 23 items from photometric measurment and cluster analysis was applied for classification of upper torso forms. Through cluster analysis using 5 factor scores, 3 somatotypes were categorized from th lateral view 1) Type I was straight somatotype in which the plumb line passes throught the lobe of the ear, the shoulder joing and the mid abdominal region laterally. This type of woman was slender and shorter than average. 2) Type II was bending somatotype in which the upper portion of upper torso is bent forward. This type of woman was taller and fatter than average. 3) Type III was swayback somatotype in which the upper portion of protruding point on the back is bent forward but the lower portion of protruding point had characteristic of turning over somatotype. This type of woman had storter length on the front and longer lenght on the back, slender type and flat chest.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 1987

Diagnosis and treatment plans of patients are depended on cephalogram in most case. However, conventional cephalogram may change diagnosis because it ignores a conception of natural head position. The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of head positions between conventional X-ray taking and x-ray taking in natural head position, and correlation between above results and craniofacial morphology, 60 male students in dental college, Yon sei Univ. were selected, and every cephalogram is studied by comparison of the change of head position. The results are as follows. 1. When taking X-ray by using conventional method, external auditary meatus FH was more tilted than ear rod FM by $2.1^{\circ}{\pm}1.8$ in forward and downward direction. 2. As facial form becomes concave, natural head position and head position, appeared in X-ray taking by using conventional method, become more similiar. 3. Change in head position had showed high correlations with facial form (N-A-Pog angle), and there was high significance to concave group when compared with average group, but significance to convex group was not found. 4. Multiple regression equation concerning change of head position was solved. ${\Delta}FH=24.5\;+\;0.31$ NAPog + 0.43 Prominence of Chin + 0.13 Facial length -0.32 Anterior facial height.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2014

In patients having a short nose with a short septal length and/or severe columellar retraction, a septal extension graft is a good solution, as it allows the dome to move caudally and pushes down the columellar base. Fixing the medial crura of the alar cartilages to a septal extension graft leads to an uncomfortably rigid nasal tip and columella, and results in unnatural facial animation. Further, because of the relatively small and weak septal cartilage in the East Asian population, undercorrection of a short nose is not uncommon. To overcome these shortcomings, we have used the septal extension graft combined with a derotation graft. Among 113 patients who underwent the combined procedure, 82 patients had a short nose deformity alone; the remaining 31 patients had a short nose with columellar retraction. Thirty-two patients complained of nasal tip stiffness caused by a septal extension graft from previous operations. In addition to the septal extension graft, a derotation graft was used for bridging the gap between the alar cartilages and the septal extension graft for tip lengthening. Satisfactory results were obtained in 102 (90%) patients. Eleven (10%) patients required revision surgery. This combination method is a good surgical option for patients who have a short nose with small septal cartilages and do not have sufficient cartilage for tip lengthening by using a septal extension graft alone. It can also overcome the postoperative nasal tip rigidity of a septal extension graft.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.213-217
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• 2015

Soil moisture shortage can reduce yield of waxy corn because maize is one of the sensitive crops to the drought stress. Farmers cannot irrigate due to limited water resource and irrigating facilities although applying water is the most effective practice to solve the drought problem. The study was conducted to investigate the pre-treatment effect of salicylic acid on reducing drought damage of waxy corn (Zea mays L.). Salicylic acid at concentration of 0.2 mM was applied at seven-leaf stage or ten-leaf stage three times. Drought stress was imposed by withholding irrigation from 11 days before anthesis to 10 days after anthesis. Application of salicylic acid significantly increased ear length by 11.0~12.3% and yield by 8.8~11.3% compared with non-treated control, indicating that the drought injuries of waxy corn can be alleviated through pre-treatment of salicylic acid at the vegetative stage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.4 s.152
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• pp.542-553
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• 2006

The purpose of this study were to analyse of craniofacial shape by 3D and to develope of head models for Korean adults with gender and age groups. The 3D measurement technique adapted in this study was a novel approach compared that the same technique has been commonly used in measuring human bodies. The data and the model of head analysis can be used as a basic reference in developing various head related items such as hat, helmet, gas mask, ear phone, and etc. In this study, heads of 836 Korean adults were measured in 3D, analyzed by statistical methods, and modelized in 3D by gender and age groups. From the basic statistical data analysis, vertex-tragion and the length between the pupils were the longest in their twenties for both men and women, and grew shorter in elderly groups. In all categories, a significant difference appeared between men and women in their 20's, but the differences were less noticeable in elderly groups. Compared to the one size standard head model of the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, the above three-dimensional standard head model would provide a more through fit because gender and age groups were sub-divided and analyzed in 3D.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.2114-2119
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• 2008

When a train enters into a tunnel, a compression wave is generated by a front nose and a expansion wave is generated by a rear nose each other. Because the compression wave and expansion wave have interactions with the train in a tunnel repeatedly, the internal pressure of the train is dramatically varied. And this pressure variation gives passengers discomfort like ear-ache. In this paper, we had measured the internal pressure variation of TTX developed and being on Test-Running in Honam line and made an analysis of pressure variation rate. As a result, the internal pressure variation was different as to the length of tunnel. Though the entering velocity of TTX is similar on test tunnels, on the short tunnel, the pressure drop was lower then that of the long tunnel. And it was expected that the rates of internal pressure variation would be exceeded the limits on 160km/h entering velocity.

• Medical Lasers
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.71-75
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• 2020

Eagle syndrome is relatively uncommon with an incidence of abnormal stylohyoid length being 4% to 7.3%. A vast majority of individuals with elongation of the styloid process are asymptomatic. It is a syndrome marked by the clinical signs and symptoms of facial pain, ear pain, throat pain, dysphagia and a globus sensation in the throat. The cause of Eagle syndrome is believed to be a congenital or hormonal change and reactive osseus hyperplasia of the styloid process in response to pharyngeal trauma or surgical intervention, such as tonsillectomy. We present here a case of a 37-year-old female with a twelve-month history of both sided oropharyngeal pain and globus sensation which has no trauma or surgical intervention. The patient presented with a long, slender, bony intraoral projection that was found to be an elongated styloid process. We removed this elongated styloid process with a CO₂ laser, and her symptoms disappeared.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.300-307
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• 2015

In order to develop optimum paddy-upland rotation system, we evaluated the 1st and the 2nd upland growth and yield characteristics of foxtail millet, proso millet, sorghum rotated from paddy field and rice rotated from upland in paddy-upland rotation. Average number of ears per hill was 3.3 in the 2nd upland cultivation. The value was greater by 1 ear as compared to 1st upland cultivation (2.2 ears per hill). In average yield per 10a, the 2nd upland cultivation showed 220.3 kg, 23% increased yield compared to the 1st upland cultivation (179 kg per 10a). In average number of ears per hill, the 2nd upland cultivation showed 8.3 ears, increased 4 ears compared to the 1st upland cultivation (4.2 ears per hill). In average yield per 10a, the 2nd upland cultivation showed 152.8 kg, 16.8% increased yield compared to the 1st upland cultivation (130.8 kg per 10a). In average days from seeding to heading of 5 sorghum varieties, there were no significant difference between the 1st (68.6 days) and the 2nd (67.4 days) upland cultivation rotated from paddy field. In the average number of grains per ears, the 2nd upland cultivation showed 2,931.6 grains per ear, 12% increased compared to the 1st upland cultivation (2,619.6 grains per ears). Average yield per 10a of sorghum in the 2nd upland cultivation showed 242.3 kg, 4.6% increased compared to the 1st upland cultivation (231.7 kg per 10a). In growth and yield characteristics of rice in paddy-upland rotation, culm length in paddy-upland-paddy plot showed 82.9 cm, 7.3 cm longer compared to the continuous rice paddy field (75.6 cm). Ear length was also 1 cm longer than that of the continuous rice paddy field. In average number of ears per hill, paddy-upland-paddy plot showed 25.0 ears, 4.3 ears more than that of the continuous rice paddy field (20.7 ears per hill). In average yield of rice per 10a, the paddy-upland-paddy rotation plot showed 526.8 kg, 9.8% higher yield compared to the continuous rice paddy field (479.9 kg per 10a).

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.295-302
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• 1997

The study conducted to know the effect of growth and yield by different weed control duration using by 'chalok 1 ho', waxy maize, at Suweon in 1995. The emergence of weed and growth and yield of waxy maize on weedy check and 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 days weed control and whole season weed control during cultivation summrized as follows; 1. Chenopodium album, Echinochoa crus-galli, Persicaria hydropiper and Panicum bisulcatum emerged as major weeds and dominant weed was Chenopodium album. 2. The number of emerged weeds grouped by mophologically ordered broad leaf weeds, grass weeds and sedge weeds. 3. 30 days weed control duration from the sowing effect to silking stage and 40 days weed control duration from the sowing decreased stem length, ear length, ear weight, number of plant, and number of ear. 4. The yield of weedy check, and 10 days weed control from the sowing showed no yield and 20, 30 and 40 days weed control from the sowing decreased to 76, 64 and 33 %, individually. 5. The yield loss of waxy maize on weeds can be prevent by 40 days weed control duration from the sowing.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.441-448
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of the seeding dates and growth periods on the growth characteristics, dry matter yield and feed value of corn for silage in paddy field. The experimental design was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Treatments consisted of five seeding dates, 1 May (T1), 8 May (T2), 15 May (T3), 22 May (T4) and 29 May (T5). And harvesting time homologized by August 24. Therefore, growing periods were 115 days (T1), 108 days (T2), 101 days (T3), 94 days (T4) and 87 days (T5), respectively. In maturities at harvest time, T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 were full dent, early dent, late dough, dough and early dough stage, respectively. Plant height and numbers of root system were highest in T5 (p<0.01), but leaf length was higher in T4 than others (p<0.05). Dead leaf, tip filling degree and ear circle were higher in T1 than others (p<0.05, 0.01). Leaf width, ear height, leaf number, ear length, stem diameter, stem hardness and brix were not significantly different among the treatments. Dry matter yield and TDN yield were higher in the order of T1 > T2 > T3 > T4 > T5 (p<0.01). Crude protein, crude ash, NDF, ADF and crude fiber were significantly higher in T4 (p<0.05, 0.01). But crude fat was the highest in T1, T3 was the lowest as compared to other treatments (p<0.01). Total EAA(essential amino acids) were higher in order of T4 > T3 > T1 > T2 > T5, and total NEAA (nonessential amino acids) were higher in order of T1 > T4 > T2 > T3 > T5, and total amino acids were higher in order of T4 > T1 > T3 > T2 > T5. But no significant differences were found among the treatments. TUFA (total unsaturated fatty acid) and TSFA (total saturated fatty acid) were in order of T1 > T2 > T3 > T5 > T4 (p<0.01). Minerals were the highest in T4 (4,721.25 mg/kg), and T2 (2,970.80 mg/kg) was the lowest as compared to other treatments (p<0.05). Based on the above results, seeding dates could be recommended as early May, and harvest times is yellow ripe stage for qualitative and quantitative production of corn for silage in rice paddy field soil.