• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제49권7호
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• pp.378-388
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• 2000

In this paper, we propose Fuzzy Polynomial Neural Networks(FPNN) based on Polynomial Neural Networks(PNN) and Fuzzy Neural Networks(FNN) for model identification of complex and nonlinear systems. The proposed FPNN is generated from the mutually combined structure of both FNN and PNN. The one and the other are considered as the premise part and consequence part of FPNN structure respectively. As the consequence part of FPNN, PNN is based on Group Method of Data Handling(GMDH) method and its structure is similar to Neural Networks. But the structure of PNN is not fixed like in conventional Neural Networks and self-organizing networks that can be generated. FPNN is available effectively for multi-input variables and high-order polynomial according to the combination of FNN with PNN. Accordingly it is possible to consider the nonlinearity characteristics of process and to get better output performance with superb predictive ability. As the premise part of FPNN, FNN uses both the simplified fuzzy inference as fuzzy inference method and error back-propagation algorithm as learning rule. The parameters such as parameters of membership functions, learning rates and momentum coefficients are adjusted using genetic algorithms. And we use two kinds of FNN structure according to the division method of fuzzy space of input variables. One is basic FNN structure and uses fuzzy input space divided by each separated input variable, the other is modified FNN structure and uses fuzzy input space divided by mutually combined input variables. In order to evaluate the performance of proposed models, we use the nonlinear function and traffic route choice process. The results show that the proposed FPNN can produce the model with higher accuracy and more robustness than any other method presented previously. And also performance index related to the approximation and prediction capabilities of model is evaluated and discussed.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.358-364
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• 2023

Objective: This study aimed to three-dimensionally evaluate the pharyngeal airway space (PAS) of patients with anterior open bite (AOB) by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and compare the findings with those obtained in individuals with normal occlusion. Methods: The open bite group (OBG, n = 25) consisted of patients with an anterior overbite of -3 mm or less, while the control group (n = 25) consisted of age- and sex-matched individuals with an anterior overbite of 1-3 mm, Angle Class I malocclusion (1° ≤ point A-nasion-point B angle ≤ 4°), and a normodivergent profile (22° ≤ Frankfort mandibular plane angle ≤ 28°). After the CBCT data were reconstructed into a three-dimensional image, the PAS was segmented into four parts, and the volume of each part was measured. Pharyngeal airway length (PAL) and the area and transverse width of the part showing minimal constriction were also measured. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between changes in the PAS and the amount of anterior overbite. Results: The OBG showed a significantly narrower airway space in the nasopharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, and total airway volumes. The OBG also showed a significantly smaller area and transverse width of the part with minimal constriction. The OBG showed a significantly longer PAL, but there was no correlation between the amount of anterior overbite and the changes in PAS. Conclusions: The PAS was associated with AOB. Patients with AOB had a narrower PAS and a smaller part showing minimal constriction.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2009

In this study, the author aims to examine that the image for specific space coming through vision is to reveal how people perceive the space through vision and whether the perceived space includes the role as the catalyst that causes the following activities. It is believed that the fact which elements are remembered as the whole expression as well as the memorized images that humans have regarding the space should act as the important factor in terms of space perception. The conclusions from this study are as follow; 1) By analyzing the frequency of observation time that were obtained from the examinee, it was possible to classify the property of observation with S areas. Besides, it was possible to the meanings that the design elements have in each area. The establishment of the areas are considered as the important factor to examine which design elements have drawn the attention. 2) In case of I area which showed the most design factors that would lead examinee's vision or have interests in the examinee views, it showed that it stared the lower parts from the middle of the Image spatially, which was the most stable position from the image with strong tendency for staring at this area. 3) The most frequently stared area was the lower part of the middle, however, while the I area gazed the right side of the middle, II area faced the left side more so that it was revealed that it stared at the lower part of the middle and right side, then, moved to left. 4) Despite the frequent observation, some areas had very low or few observation data records and the area which was designed with monotonous color with relatively large size was also involved here so that it was identified that the simply treated area in design was rarely gazed.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.89-96
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• 1992

UBV observations of VV Cep were made in 1988-1992 as a part of the Ten-year Observing Program for Long Period Eclipsing Binary Stars(1982-1992) at Yonsei University Observatory. In addition to these the observations in the longer passbands in R and I are also made in the 1991-1992 season at the same observatory. Atmospheric extinction coefficinets determined by a comparison star 20 Cap for B and V each night have been deduced a linear relation, $K_B$=0.159+1.066kV. In this paper, light curves of this star in BVRI passbands for the 1991-1992 season only are presented. Two periodic light variations of both long-term and short-term are found as for 90 days and 20 days, respectively.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2020

The purpose of this research is to clarify the relationship between the location of markets and the spatial structure of historic center in Beijing of 18th century by network analysis method onto the historic map of Beijing 'Qianlong-Jincheng-Quantu(乾隆京城全圖)' produced in 1750. By categorizing the grade of each market, it is revealed that the location of markets in Beijing under Qing Dynasty was not only decided by the various factors as policy of the regime and traditional social usages but also by the spatial structure of urban space in historic part of the city. At the same time, the sociopolitical factors and the spatial structure of urban space might influence reciprocally in defining the physical state of urban space.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.91-107
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• 1999

The primary purpose of this study is to inquire into the characteristic of exposure presented in fashion, identify the correct concept of exposure from an aesthetic perspective, and grasp the contemporary meaning of exposure presented in fashion. As a result of study, the following findings were obtained: First, the surrealist style of fashion exhibited representations such as the relocation of the partial details, the harmonization of the natural and the artificial, the emphasis or expansion of each part of the body, and the like. It used highlighted the genital region with ornamentations or used the technique of paradoxically exposing the part of the body always covered. And it exbibited the paradoxical relationship of exposure and concealment by exposing the concealed part of the human body. Second, the post-modern style showed the complicated phenomenon that the values of several meanings such as the historic, the folk, and the like appeared in its fashion. It shares in spatiotemporal eclecticism, pluralistic characteristics and the like found in the post-modern culture. Third, the deconstructive style gets rid of the distinction between the external space and the private space by translating underwears into outer garments. It destroys clothing by tearing or perforating clothing whereby it represents the poor image. Coupled with women‘s psychology of exposure and the new generation’s way of thinking indifferent to others‘ eyes, this fashion of deconstruction occupies the great current of fashion. Deconstructive fashion gets away with the rule of ‘having to wear clothing to suit TPO(Time, Place and Occasion), the traditional norm of wearing clothing.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.10-15
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• 2009

With the development of techniques, robots are getting smaller, and the number of robots needed for application is greater and greater. How to coordinate large number of autonomous robots through local interactions has becoming an important research issue in robot community. Swarm Robot Systems (SRS) is a system that independent autonomous robots in the restricted environments infer their status from pre-assigned conditions and operate their jobs through the cooperation with each other. In the SRS, a robot contains sensor part to percept the situation around them, communication part to exchange information, and actuator part to do a work. Especially, in order to cooperate with other robots, communicating with other robots is one of the essential elements. Because Bluetooth has many advantages such as low power consumption, small size module package, and various standard protocols, it is rated as one of the efficient communicating technologies which can apply to small-sized robot system. In this paper, we will develop Bluetooth communicating system for autonomous robots. And we will discuss how to construct and what kind of procedure to develop the communicating system for group behavior of the SRS under intelligent space.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 패턴 인식기를 설계하기 위하여 개별 입력 공간을 기반으로 한 퍼지 뉴럴 네트워크를 소개한다. 제안된 퍼지 뉴럴 네트워크는 각 입력 공간을 개별적으로 분할함으로서 네트워크를 구성한다. 규칙의 전반부는 개별적 입력 공간을 퍼지 분할하여 독립적으로 구성하고, 규칙의 후반부는 다항식으로서 표현된다. 퍼지 뉴럴 네트워크의 학습은 퍼지 규칙의 후반부에 있는 뉴런의 연결가중치를 조정함으로써 실현되고, 오류 역전파 알고리즘을 이용하여 실현한다. 또한, 제안한 네트워크의 파라미터를 최적화하기 위하여 실수 코딩 유전자 알고리즘을 이용한다. 마지막으로, 패턴 인식을 위한 실험 데이터를 이용하여 최적화된 패턴 인식기를 설계한다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.178-187
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• 2007

최근 정부의 주택보급정책 강화에 따라 공공아파트 건설공사의 건축공사비에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 그러나 현재 공공아파트 공사비내역 구성은 공종별 분류체계로 구성되어 있어, 공공아파트의 건축공사비를 체계적으로 예측하는 것은 현실적으로 많은 문제점을 지니고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 공공아파트 프로젝트 기획 및 설계단계에서 좀 더 합리적인 공사비 예측을 위해, 델파이분석(Delphi)기법을 이용하여 공공아파트 공간별 공사비분류체계를 개발하였다. 공공아파트 공간별 공사비분류체계는 공공아파트의 공간별 특성을 반영하여 주택부문, 주택외부문, 가산부문 등으로 구분하였으며, 각각의 부문을 공간별 해당 부위와 각 세부공종으로 세분화하였다. 또한 구축된 공간별 공사비분류체계에 공공아파트 공사비 내역서를 분석하여 공간별 분류체계의 실용성 및 유효성을 검증하였다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2012

Recently, public concerns about renewal of abandoned sites centered in Industrial Heritage are increasing in Korea. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to analyze characteristics of renewal methods of public space using abandoned sites. To achieve the proposed goal, the first part of this study focused on showing public properties involved in the fundamental reasons for the birth and life(persistence) of abandoned sites, which testified that they should be regenerated into public spaces to maximize the potentiality of abandoned sites. Upon preliminary analysis, main values of public space renewal were drawn through the analysis of the selection criteria, type of information about selected works, and classification system in 'The European Prize for Urban Public Space' hosted by the CCCB(Centre of Contemporary Culture of Barcelona). Then, 427 projects participating in this prize from 2000 to 2010 were analyzed to identify characteristics of each level (site-program, process and space). Although this study was limited to the analysis of European projects, it proved that citizens' lives and activities should be involved in projecting-practicing-designing of renewal project using abandoned sites to create a successful public space.