• 에너지공학
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2011

전기자동차(Electric Vehicle, EV)와 하이브리드 전기자동차(Hybrid Electric Vehicle, HEV)의 성능과 수명주기 비용은 배터리 팩에 좌우된다. 팩 내부의 비정상적인 온도분포는 전지간의 전기적인 불균형을 가져오고 팩의 성능을 떨어뜨리기 때문에 팩 내부의 온도 균일성은 EV와 HEV용 전지 팩의 최적 성능을 위한 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 EV와 HEV용 리튬이온전지 팩의 열적 거동을 예측하기 위해 삼차원 전산 모사를 하였다. 전지 팩의 열전도도는 각종 구성요소의 열전도 저항이 직렬과 병렬로 연결되어 있는 것으로 간주하였다. 셀에서의 열 발생량은 전지내부의 전기화학적 반응에 의한 반응열과 전류의 흐름과 내부저항에 의한 열을 고려하여 계산 하였다.

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2015년도 임시총회 및 하계학술연구발표회
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• pp.64-64
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• 2015

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2013

The control method of the bidirectional DC/DC converter for instantaneous regenerative current control is described in this paper. The general method to control the DC/DC converter is the output voltage control. However, the regenerative current cannot be controlled to be constant with this control method. To improve the performance of the conventional control method, the DC-link voltage of the inverter is controlled within the tolerance range by the instantaneous boost and buck operations of the bidirectional DC/DC converter. By the proposed control method, the battery current can be controlled to be constant regardless of the motor speed variation. The improved performance of the DC/DC converter controlled by the proposed control method is verified by the experiment and simulation of the system with the inverter and IPMSM(Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor) which is operated by the reduced practical speed profile.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.729-739
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• 2006

This paper describes an active fault-tolerant control system for an induction motor drive that propels an Electrical Vehicle(EV) or a Hybrid one(HEV). The proposed system adaptively reorganizes itself in the event of sensor loss or sensor recovery to sustain the best control performance given the complement of remaining sensors. Moreover, the developed system takes into account the controller transition smoothness in terms of speed and torque transients. In this paper which is the sequel of (Diallo et al., 2004), we propose to introduce more advanced and intelligent control techniques to improve the global performance of the fault-tolerant drive for automotive applications(e.g. EVs or HEVs). In fact, two control techniques are chosen to illustrate the consistency of the proposed approach: sliding mode for encoder-based control; and fuzzy logics for sensorless control. Moreover, the system control reorganization is now managed by a fuzzy decision system to improve the transitions smoothness. Simulations tests, in terms of speed and torque responses, have been carried out on a 4-kW induction motor drive to evaluate the consistency and the performance of the proposed fault-tolerant control approach.

• Journal of international Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2013

With the active development of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), the application of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) has been expanded. As wide driving region of IPMSM for electric vehicle (EV) traction motor is required, many studies are conducted to improve characteristics of a motor in both low and high-speed driving regions. A motor in high-speed driving region generates (produces) large stress to the rotor. Thus, the rotor needs to be designed considering the mechanical safety. Therefore, in this paper, we conducted stress analysis and electromagnetic analysis to determine the centerpost's distance which is considered important during the design of IPMSM for EV traction motor in order to secure mechanical safety and satisfy specifications of output requirement.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1395-1401
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• 2010

A paradigm shift in driving system of transportation vehicle from engine to electric motor is required as the problems on air pollution and drain of petroleum resource are on the rize. Moreover while it is possible to control the motor with variable frequency driver, the application of motor in various kinds of vehicles is spread rapidly. In the paper, the effective design method of IPMSM for EV and HEV by using equivalent magnetic circuit and finite element method (FEM) is suggested. First of all, load conditions of the application are calculated. And basic design process of IPMSM is proposed with two design point. Finally, in order to verify the proposed design process, it was compared with the basic design parameter and the FEM analysis results.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.609-617
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• 2016

Belt-driven Starter Generator (BSG) differs from other mild hybrid systems as the crankshaft of vehicle are not run off. Motor permits a low-cost method of adding mild hybrid capabilities such as start-stop, power assist, and mild levels of regenerative braking. Wound rotor synchronous motor (WRSM) could be adopted in BSG system for HEV e-Assisted application instead of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). In practice, adequate torque is indispensable for starter assist system, and energy conversion should be taken into account for the HEV or EV as well. Particularly, flux weakening control is possible to realize by adjusting both direct axis components of current and field current in WRSM. Accordingly, this paper present an off-line current acquisition algorithm that can reasonably combine the stator and field current to acquire the maximum torque, meanwhile the energy conversion is taken into consideration by losses. Besides, on account of inductance influence by non-uniform air gap around rotor, nonlinear inductances and armature flux linkage against current variation are proposed to guarantee the results closer to reality. A computer-aided method for proposed algorithm are present and results are given in form of the Look-up table (LUT). The experiment shows the validity of algorithm.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 복합재료로 만들기 위한 전처리 단계에서 수행한 사이징 제거 상태를 영상처리 알고리즘을 적용하여 수치적으로 나타내었고, 전자파 차폐 성능을 높이기 위해서 건식 공정 방식으로 니켈도금 탄소섬유를 제작하였다. 탄소섬유 제조에서 폴리머 종류로 감싸져 나온 사이징은 건식 코팅을 위해서는 제거해야 한다. 사이징이 제거된 상태를 주사 전자현미경(scanning electron microscope, SEM)으로 촬영한 이미지에서 탄소 섬유의 규칙적인 패턴, 즉 상관성을 구함으로써 수치적인 값으로 나타낼 수 있다. 사이징의 제거 방식은 용액, 압축 공기와 용액과 압축공기(하이브리드)로 제거한 SEM 영상에 대하여 제안된 방법을 적용한 결과 하이브리드 방식이 우수함을 확인 할 수 있었다. 그리고 사이징이 제거된 스프레딩 탄소 섬유 롤을 롤투롤 스퍼터 방식으로 니켈도금 탄소 섬유를 제작할 수 있었다. 제작된 30um, 40um과 100um 니켈코팅 탄소섬유에 대해서 전자파 차폐 성능을 측정하였다. 한국산업기술시험원에서 100um 니켈코팅 탄소섬유의 전자파 차폐 성능을 평가한 결과 최저 66.7(dB)에서 최고 73.2(dB)의 전자파 차폐 성능을 보였다. 이것은 구리의 전자파 차폐율과 유사하여 EV/HEV자동차의 케이블로 사용될 수 있다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.112-122
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• 2014

This paper proposes a PMSM torque control method considering DC-link voltage variation and friction torque. In general EV/HEV application, two dimensions look-up table(2D-LUT) is used for reference current generation due to its stable and robust torque control performance. Conventionally, this 2D-LUT is established by flux-torque table to overcome the DC-link voltage variation. However, the flux table establishment is more complex than the speed table establishment. Moreover, one flux data reflects several speed conditions in variable DC-link voltage, friction torque cannot be considered by using the flux table. In this paper, speed-torque 2D-LUT is used for current reference generation. With this table, PMSM torque control is well achieved regardless of DC-link voltage variation by the proposed control method. Simulation and experimental results validate improvement of torque control error through friction torque compensation.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.206-214
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• 2019

This study investigates alternative refrigerants and refrigerant oils as well as the tendency of protecting the global environment in view of automobile air-conditioning systems. Since decades, the R12 refrigerant is not used in automobile air-conditioners because of the ozone depletion potential (ODP) problem, and for the last 20 years, the ODP-free R134a refrigerant is leading the new automotive air-conditioning market. However, owing to its high global warming potential (GWP), the R134a refrigerant use in automobile air-conditioning system is also prohibited by law, and alternative refrigerants with a low GWP need to be proposed. Therefore, recently, the application of R1234yf, R152a, or other alternative refrigerants has started worldwide. By contrast, natural refrigerant R744 was introduced in the market several years ago by VDA (Verband Der Automobilindustrie), which is a German association in the automotive industry. This study also deals with refrigerant oils. For a long time, polyalkylene glycol (PAG) oil has been traditionally used with automobile air-conditioners, and polyolester (POE) oil is suitable for HEV, PHEV, and EV air-conditioning systems, where it is used by the electrically driven compressor owing to its excellent electrical insulation properties. Finally, PAG is an excellent lubricant for all the R134a, R152a, R1234yf, and R744 refrigerants, and has the advantage that it can be applied rapidly to alternative refrigerant air-conditioning systems.