• Educational Technology International
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-27
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• 2009

Technology use can dramatically enhance teachers' performance in teaching and administrative tasks. An Electronic Performance Support System (EPSS) is a versatile tool that could provide just-in-time and on-the-job training when teachers need it. In order to design an effective EPSS for teachers, it is critical to identify their needs. This study used interviews to identify teachers' needs for technology by asking them about their workloads, the difficulty and time demands of tasks, and useful technologies. The implications of the findings for the design of an EPSS are discussed, including the necessity of an adaptive design of the EPSS.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.119-122
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• 2019

The goals of this study were, first, to evaluate the feasibility of inducing gastric perforation with 99% alcohol injection after electrocautery (EA-method), and, second, to observe "enhanced peritoneal stripe sign (EPSS)" and other lesions upon induction of gastric perforation. Six clinically normal beagle dogs were prepared for gastric perforation using endoscopy. After gastric perforation, EPSS and other lesions on ultrasonography were observed eventually (at 0 h, 3 h, day 1, day 2, day 3, day 4, day 5, and day 6). We graded the EPSS depending on its width and number. EPSS was observed until day 4 of the examination in all the 6 dogs. The grades of EPSS were the highest at 3 h and declined gradually. Peritoneal effusion was observed in all dogs at 3 h and on day 1. Regional bright mesenteric fat was confirmed in all dogs on days 3 and 4. In conclusion, gastric perforation can be induced by EA-method. EPSS and peritoneal effusion appear at a very early stage, and regional bright mesenteric fat was identified on days 3 and 4 in almost all dogs with gastric perforation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.560-567
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• 2005

Three groups of exopolysaccharides (EPSs) (designated as Fr-I, Fr-II, and Fr-III) were isolated from the culture filtrates of Paecilomyces sinclairii by gel filtration chromatography on Sepharose CL-4B. Their molecular characteristics were examined by multi-angle laser light scattering (MALLS) connected online to a size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and refractive index (RI) detector system. The weight-average molar mass of Fr-I, Fr-II, and Fr-III of EPSs were determined to be $1.540{\times}10^6,\;6.302{\times}10^4$, and $9.389{\times}10^4\;g/mol$, respectively. All three EPSs showed a fairly low polydispersity indice, ranging from 1.008 to 1.059 (nearly mono disperse behavior), and showed different carbohydrates and amino acids compositions; all fractions of EPSs consisted of mainly cystine, valine, and arginine in the protein moiety, and mainly ribose, galactose, and glucose in the carbohydrate moiety. The determination of gyration radii of the EPSs in SEC/MALLS analysis revealed the molecular shape of the Fr-I to be a rod-like structure, whereas the Fr-II and Fr-III had a random-coil structure in an aqueous solution.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1250-1257
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• 2005

Two groups of exopolysaccharides (designated as Fr-I EPS and Fr-II EPS) were isolated from the culture filtrate of new fungal strain Trichoderma erinaceum DG-312 by Sepharose CL-6B chromatography. The structures of the exopolysaccharides were investigated using gas chromatography (GC), Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, GCMS analysis, and NMR. GC analysis indicated that Fr-I EPS was composed of mainly mannose ($78.9\%$) and galactose ($21.1\%$), whereas Fr-II EPS contained mannose ($68.4\%$), galactose ($26.2\%$), and glucose ($5.4\%$). In the anomeric region ($950-700cm_{-1}$) of the FT-IR spectrum, both EPSs exhibited obvious characteristic absorption of $810\;cm_{-1}$, indicating the existence of mannose. The spectra of $\alpha-and\;\beta$-configurations were assigned at 880 and $914\;cm_{-1}$, respectively. The results of GC-MS analyses confirmed that both EPSs were complex heteropolysaccharides with a ($1{\rightarrow}3$)-linked mannan backbone. The C-1 region that appeared in the $^{13}C-NMR$ spectra of these EPSs indicated a typical anomeric carbon signal. The Fr-I EPS showed two anomeric carbon signals at 102.6 and 99.6 ppm, whereas the Fr-II EPS displayed four anomeric carbon signals at 102.5, 99.6, 98.5, and 94.3 ppm. The molecular characteristics of the EPSs were further investigated using a size exclusion chromatography/multi-angle laser light scattering (SEC/MALLS) system. The SEC/MALLS system revealed that the average molar masses of the EPSs were $6.592{\times}10^{4}$ (Fr-I EPS) and $1.920{\times}10^{4}$ (Fr-II EPS) g/mol, and the molecular conformation of both EPSs in aqueous solution was random coils.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.157-166
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• 2023

Three lactic acid bacteria (LAB) producing exopolysaccharides (EPSs) were isolated from Pa (green onion)-kimchi, and identified as Weissella confusa (SKP 173), Weissella cibaria (SKP 182), and Leuconostoc citreum (SKP 281), respectively by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The yields of EPS were 21.27, 18.53, and 15.4 g/l for EPS from SKP 173, 182, and 281, respectively when grown in MRS broth containing sucrose (5%, w/v). Total sugar contents were 64.39, 62.84, and 65.16% (w/w) for EPS from SKP 173, 182, and 281, respectively while the protein contents were 0.33, 0.31, and 0.25% (w/w), respectively. EPSs from W. confusa SKP 173 and W. cibaria SKP 182 contained glucose only but EPS from L. citreum SKP 281 contained glucose and glucitol. Viscosities of the 2% (w/w) freeze-dried EPS solution were 9.60, 8.00, and 8.20 centipoise (cP) for EPS from SKP 173, 182, and 281, respectively. Viscosities of culture grown in MRS broth with 5% sucrose (no glucose) were 92.98, 57.19, and 18.8 cP, respectively. The average molecular weights of EPSs were larger than 2 × 10⁷ Da. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses of EPSs showed typical carbohydrate peaks, suggesting that the EPSs consisted of pyranose saccharides with α-(1,6) and α-(1,3) glycosidic linkages. L. citreim SKP 281 was used as the starter for yogurt fermentation, and EPS production was confirmed.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.13-27
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• 2019

While temporary construction work applies to a temporary facility, it has a high use frequency during the construction period accounting for around 10% of the construction cost, it requires systematic management. However, construction inspection information of temporary construction work often has no special specification in the design documents and specification items, with the items on various standards also being formidable. Because of this, related inspection are likely to be performed inefficiently with a high probability for occurrence of human errors when quality inspection is conducted for the temporary construction work. In the present study, therefore, apply to the electronic operation support system capable of supporting implementation of inspection of providing related information for the contemporary construction work. To achieve this, a prototype is developed by using IDEF0 to identify information flow by process and organizing EPSS-based quality inspection Task. And then, efficiency of the quality inspection and information accessibility for temporary construction work are to be improved by verification method of Sample Project.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2018

This study investigates the role of microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) as bioflocculants to harvest microalgae (water-microalgae separation). The EPS extracted from waste activated sludge (WAS) by heat extraction were fractionated into soluble EPS (S-EPS), loosely-bound EPS (LB-EPS) and tightly-bound EPS (TB-EPS) forms. All the EPSs facilitated the flocculation of microalgal cells from stable growth medium. Of those EPSs, the TB-EPS showed the highest flocculating activity (FA) resulting in the substantial decrease in the amount of EPS added in terms of total organic carbon (TOC) during flocculation. The FA of microalgae was improved with the increase in TB-EPS dose, however, excessive dose of TB-EPS adversely affected it due to destabilization. Both LB- and TB-EPS could be utilized for flocculating microalgae as a sustainable option to the existing chemical-based flocculants. In addition to the conventional assessments, the effectiveness of the two bioflocculants for floc forming was also confirmed using a novel assessment of lens-free shadow imaging technique (LSIT), which was firstly applied for the rapid and quantitative assessment of microalgal flocculation.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.40-48
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• 2019

Hybrid electric propulsion systems (H-EPSs) are an intermediate step for integrated full electric propulsion warships. H-EPSs are a dynamic combination of mechanical and electrical propulsion systems to achieve the required mission performances. The system modes could adapt to meet the requirement of the various operation conditions of a warship. This paper presents a configuration and operating modes of H-EPSs considering the operation conditions of a destroyer class warship. The system has three propulsion modes, namely, motoring mode, generating mode [power take off (PTO) mode], and mechanical mode. The PTO mode requires a careful fuel efficiency analysis because the fuel consumption rate of propulsion engines may be low compared with the generator's engines depending on the loading power. Therefore, the calculation of fuel consumption according to the operating modes is performed in this study. Although the economics of the PTO mode depends on system cases, it has an advantage in that it ensures the reliability of electric power in case of blackout or minimum generator operation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.928-933
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• 2000

정보 사회에서 교육 패러다임의 급격한 변화는 학교, 교사, 학생의 역할 변화를 포함하고 있다. 수업의 방향이 교사주도에서 학습자 주도로 바뀌어감에 따라 학생들은 자기 주도적 학습을 수행하는 동안에 다양한 지원을 필요로 한다. EPSS(Electronic Performance Support System)는 기업체, 기관, 학교 등에서 업무 수행자가 원하는 순간에 지원을 의뢰할 수 있는 수행 지원 시스템으로, 본 논문에서는 이러한 EPSS를 프로토타입으로 설정하여, 학습 패러다임의 변화를 지원해 줄 수 있는 ELSS(Electronic Learning Support System)에 관한 모델 개발을 시도하고 학습 적용 가능성을 타진하였다. 먼저, EPSS에 관한 다양한 이론들을 고찰해 보았고 이를 토대로 ELSS의 개념, 설계시 고려사항, 구성요소 등으로 구성된 ELSS 모델을 제안하였다.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.342-348
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• 2019

The emergency power supplies (EPSs) are required to increase battery sizing for protecting power source loss above designed criteria. This study proposes a sizing method for lithium-based batteries for EPSs in nuclear power plants on the basis of the calculation method for the required energy under variable conditions. The variable conditions are related with the characteristics of lithium-based batteries, such as the temperature of the location of EPS installation, aging, and design margin. The usage of lithium-based battery reduces the cost and installation space and enables the safe and long-term supply of power compared with the use of lead-acid battery.