• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.63-71
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• 2020

Speech recognition is one of the areas actively commercialized using deep learning and machine learning techniques. However, the majority of speech recognition systems on the market are developed on data with limited diversity of speakers and tend to perform well on typical adult speakers only. This is because most of the speech recognition models are generally learned using a speech database obtained from adult males and females. This tends to cause problems in recognizing the speech of the elderly, children and people with dialects well. To solve these problems, it may be necessary to retain big database or to collect a data for applying a speaker adaptation. However, this paper proposes that a new end-to-end speech recognition method consists of an acoustic augmented recurrent encoder and a transformer decoder with linguistic prediction. The proposed method can bring about the reliable performance of acoustic and language models in limited data conditions. The proposed method was evaluated to recognize Korean elderly and children speech with limited amount of training data and showed the better performance compared of a conventional method.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.392-400
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose an effective speech reinforcement technique base on ITU-T G.729A CS-ACELP codec under the near-end background noise environments. In general, since the intelligibility of the far-end speech for the near-end listener is significantly reduced under near-end noise environments, we require a far-end speech reinforcement approach to avoid this phenomena. In contrast to the conventional speech reinforcement algorithm, we reinforce the excitation signal of the codec's parameters received from the far-end speech signal based on the G.729A speech codec under various background noise environments. Specifically, we first estimate the excitation signal of ambient noise at the near-end through the encoder of the G.729A speech codec, reinforcing the excitation signal of the far-end speech transmitted from the far-end. we specially propose a novel approach to directly reinforce the excitation signal of far-end speech signal based on the decoder of the G.729A. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by the CCR (Comparison Category Rating) test of the method for subjective determination of transmission quality in ITU-T P.800 under various noise environments and shows better performances compared with conventional SNR Recovery methods.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2005

This paper presents a systematic approach which determines the optimal period to minimize performance measure subject to the schedulability constraints of a real-time control system by formulating the scheduling problem as an optimal problem. The performance measure is derived from the summation of end-to-end response times of processed I/Os scheduled by the static cyclic method. The schedulability constraint is specified in terms of allowable resource utilization. At first, a uniprocessor case is considered and then it is extended to a distributed system connected through a communication link, local-inter network, UN. This approach is applied to the design of an automotive body control system in order to validate the feasibility through a real example. By using the approach, a set of optimal periods can easily be obtained without complex and advanced methods such as branch and bound (B&B) or simulated annealing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.452-459
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to discover a conceptual framework and evaluation process of apparel quality by means-end chain theory. The theoretical study was conducted to find out a conceptual framework and build a hypothetical evaluation process model of apparel quality. Apparel quality was perceived associative network called a means-end chain and was evaluated in several stages. A conceptual framework of apparel quality evaluation was organized into hierarchical relationships among four different dimensions: physical attribute, physical function, instrumental performance, and expressive performance. The means-end structure linked tangible physical attributes and function to more abstract instrumental and expressive performance. A hypothetical evaluation process model linked dimensions of apparel quality to the selected means-end relationship. Different consumers had different means-end chains for the same apparel. Therefore different subjects are likely to have different evaluation paths. From this study we can suggest an evaluation process model of apparel quality.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.2B
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• pp.144-156
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• 2003

Internet/Intranet has been continuously enhanced by new emerging IP technologies such as differentiate service(DiffServ), IPSec(IP Security) and MPLS(Multi-protocol Label Switching) traffic engineering. According to the increased demands of various real-time multimedia services, ISP(Internet Service Provider) should provide enhanced end-to-end QoS(quality of service) and security features. Therefore, Internet and Intranet need the management functionality of sophisticated traffic engineering functions. In this paper, we design and implement the performance management functionality for the guaranteed end-to-end QoS provisioning on MPLS-based VPLS(Virtual Private LAN Service). We propose VPLS OAM(Operation, Administration and Maintenance) for efficient performance management. We focus on a scheme of QoS management and measurement of QoS parameters(such as delay, jitter, loss, etc.) using VPLS OAM functions. The proposed performance management system also supports performance tuning to enhance the provided QoS by re-adjusting the bandwidth of LSPs for VPLS. We present the experimental results of performance monitoring and analysis using a network simulator.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.6B
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• pp.367-374
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• 2007

In this paper, we investigate the features of scientific remote collaborative applications. The presented features are the high speed disk access, the high speed transportation protocol, and the dedicated light path, which are for the high performance of remote end-to-end collaboration. In the environment that satisfies the features, we achieve 4.7Gbps peak throughput between Korea and U.S.A.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.488-498
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore clinical nurse's reported conflict experience toward end-of-life medical decision making. Methods: Data were collected by in-depth interviews with eight nurses from three different wards of university hospital in D city of Korea. Conventional qualitative analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Results were three major themes and twelve categories from the analysis. The three major themes were prioritization of treatment, non-disclosure of diagnosis, and hierarchical and power relations. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that shared decision making in end of life among patient, family members, physician, and nurse may contribute to improve end-of-life care performance as well as dignified dying of patient in end of life.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.205-215
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• 2008

Many control schemes have been proposed for flow-level traffic control. However, flow-level traffic control is implemented only in limited areas such as traffic monitoring and traffic control at edge nodes. No clear solution for end-to-end architecture has been proposed. Scalability and the lack of a business model are major problems for deploying end-to-end flow-level control architecture. This paper introduces an end-to-end transport architecture and a scalable control mechanism to support the various flow-level QoS requests from applications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.209-214
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• 2002

Mechanical micro-engineering is an easy and cheap way to fabricate micro-structures. If the application of the conventional machining method using flat-end mill becomes available for the micro-manufacturing process, it will be advanced as an extension of the conventional machining process. In this study, micro-grooves cutting using flat-end mill(($\phi$8) was performed. The characteristics on flat-end milling was investigated to improve machinability of micro-grooves. The experiments were performed according to variations of spindle revolution, depth of cut, and feed rate. Machinability through various cutting conditions was evaluated by surface geometry, tool wear, and cutting force. The results show that micro V-grooves of width(pitch) 29${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ were acquired by flat-end milling. The maximum and minimum roughness of the wall of grooves was 438 and 67nm, respectively

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.86-89
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• 2013

The neuroma is a tumor of nerve tissue that partially or completely severed through incomplete regeneration process. Neuromas that formed in the stump of a limb following amputation is a cause of the stump pain and can make intractable pain. The authors report a rare case of 36-year-old man with neuroma at stump, which has been recurred three times. This patient was treated with end-to-end neurorrhaphy after resecting neuroma. Follow-up at out-patient clinic showed satisfied result.