• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.224-229
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• 2009

An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effects of turtle neck syndrome, so called, on muscular fatigue and muscle activity. Six subjects (males) participated and performed the prolonged casual computer work in the study. EMG signals from six muscles of the dominant neck-back region were acquired and recorded for 10 seconds at the beginning and the end of three hours computer work. EMG was recorded from six muscles by using a computerized data recording and analysis system. Power spectrum function of EMG was calculated off-line by means of a signal processing software package. Power spectrum functions were smoothed with a moving average filter of 21 points and normalized with respect to the maximal value achieved during the trials. Muscle activity and median frequencies of Sternocleidomastoid(SCM) in turtle neck posture was approximately 51%, which were less than those in normal neck posture. SCM also showed the biggest decrease in median frequency. Results will provide the insight into the neck-back injury mechanism of turtle neck patients. Furthermore, they will be helpful in developing rehabilitation programs for restoring patients' neck-back functions.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2020

This paper introduces a method to control an industrial robot arm to imitate the movement of the human arm and hand using electromyography (EMG) signals. The proposed method is implemented on the UR3 robot that is a popular industrial robot and a MYO armband that measure the EMG signals generated by human muscles. The communications for the UR3 robot and the MYO armband are integrated in the robot operating system (ROS) that is a middle-ware to develop robot systems easily. The movement of the human arm and hand is detected by the MYO armband, which is utilized to recognize and to estimate the speed of the movement of the operator's arm and the motion of the operator's hand. The proposed system can be easily used when human's detailed movement is required in the environment where human can't work. An experiments have been conducted to verify the performance of the proposed method using the teleoperation of the UR3 robot.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2013

Crane operators usually work with their necks bent forward in a seating position for a long period. They have complained of their musculoskeletal stress at their necks. The objective of this study was to find the level of stress at the neck when crane operators bend their neck forward during their work. Experiments were conducted in the laboratory where subjects bent their necks forward for 1 minute and took a rest for 0.5 minute and repeated this performance for 60 minutes. Subjective evaluation using Borg's CR-10 scale and electromyography (EMG) were used to check the level of the stress at the neck. Subjects reported that the level of pain at the end of 60 min. experiment was close to the extreme pain(level 8.95). The EMG level(amplitude) increased 80% on the average and the center frequency of EMG shifted to the lower frequency level which indicated fatigue of neck muscles. Thus, it was found that there is quite much neck stress for crane operators when they maintain their neck posture of bending forward for a long time during their work. This information will be a basis in searching for an intervention measure for the crane operators' neck stress.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.152-157
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• 2012

In this paper, we develop a muscle exercise prescription system and present a prescription method by analyzing bioelectric signal of human muscles. This system is designed to give right exercise prescriptions include strength, duration, frequency of exercise after diagnosing personal body condition using EMG(Electromyography). With the help of these prescriptions all users can keep there optimum exercise status and avoid excess exercise symptom and, we van utilize in all the measurements like abnormal posture, muscle power, muscle regidity, muscle fatigue, muscle balance. Also easily accessable system can offer variable utilizations such as in health care center, sports center, social welfare center, social medical center, school, and kinder garden.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.85-91
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• 2004

Background: Needle electromyography (EMG) and motor evoked potential (MEP) of the genioglossus (tongue) are difficult to perform in evaluations of the craniobulbar region in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Therefore, we investigated the yields of needle EMG and MEP recorded from the upper trapezius, since it receives innervation from the lower medulla and upper cervical cord. Methods: Needle EMG and MEP of the upper trapezius were obtained in 17 consecutive ALS patients. The needle EMG parameters recorded included abnormal spontaneous activity and motor unit action potential (MUAP) morphology. An upper motor neuron (UMN) lesion was presumed when either response to cortical stimulation was absent, or the central conduction time was delayed (>mean+2SD). Results: Of the five patients with bulbar-onset ALS, four had abnormalities in the upper trapezius and four in the tongue by needle EMG. In contrast, of the 12 patients with limb-onset ALS, 11 had abnormalities in the upper trapezius, and only five in the tongue. When MEP was performed, it was found that three of the five patients with bulbar symptoms and three of the six patients with isolated limb involvement had abnormal MEP findings. Conclusions: Electrophysiological studies of the upper trapezius are more sensitive those of the tongue in patients without bulbar symptoms. Thus, needle EMG and MEP of the upper trapezius are alternative tools for assessing bulbar and rostral neuraxial involvement in the diagnosis of ALS.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.51-58
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare the postural muscle activity during wearing a lead apron with and without applying waist belt at working posture. Ten healthy male subjects were recruited for this study. Electromyography using a surface EMG recorded the activity of the splenius capitis, trapezius, and erector spinae. EMG activity was recorded at quiet standing, 45 degrees of neck flexion, 45 degrees of neck flexion with 15 degrees of trunk flexion. The testing order was selected randomly. The subjects were asked to maintain the each posture for 3 minutes. The mean root mean square (RMS) of EMG activity was calculated. EMG activity was normalized using the maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) elicited using a manual muscle testing technique. Two-factor repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the average RMS value of EMG activity for each condition. The EMG activity of trapezius muscle was significantly decreased with applying waist belt (p<.05). The muscle activity of splenius capitis and erector spinae showed significant difference according to postures (p<.05). These results suggest that applying waist belt during wearing a lead apron will be useful to prevent shoulder pain.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to compare EMG activity for pectoralis major muscle during shoulder movement with various abduction angle and rotation position in supine position. Fifteen healthy subjects were recruited for this study. All subjects performed shoulder horizontal adduction holding a 2 kg dumbbell in shoulder abduction $40^{\circ}C$, $70^{\circ}C$, $90^{\circ}C$, $130^{\circ}C$, $160^{\circ}C$ with shoulder neutral, internal rotation (IR), and external rotation (ER). Surface EMG activity was recorded from pectoralis major clavicle part and pectoralis major sternum part for 5 seconds and EMG activity was normalized to the value of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC). Dependent variables were examined with 3 (Neutral, IR, ER) ${\times}$ 5 ($40^{\circ}C$, $70^{\circ}C$, $90^{\circ}C$, $130^{\circ}C$, $160^{\circ}C$) analysis of variance with repeated measures. The EMG activity of pectoralis major muscle was significantly different between shoulder abduction angles and between shoulder rotation positions (p<.05). The highest value of EMG activity of pectoralis major clavicle part among shoulder abduction angles was in $70^{\circ}C$ and, $90^{\circ}C$ in that order. The highest value of EMG activity of pectoralis major sternum part among shoulder abduction angles was in $130^{\circ}C$ and, $90^{\circ}C$ in that order. According to the rotation degree, shoulder ER showed the highest value and IR showed the lowest value in both muscle parts. These results suggest that shoulder abduction $70^{\circ}C$, $90^{\circ}C$, $130^{\circ}C$ will be effective during manual muscle testing (MMT) and strengthening exercise for pectoralis major muscle. It is also supposed that shoulder ER is the efficient posture for strengthening of pectoralis major muscle.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.159-164
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of scapular dynamic stabilization exercise(SDex) with electromyography(EMG) biofeedback on the upper trapezius(UT), pectoralis major(PM) and serratus anterior(SA) activities. Fifteen healthy male voluntarily participated in this study. A paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. The study showed, through EMG biofeedback, that EMG activity significantly decreased in the UT, PM and increased in the SA(P<0.05). These results suggest that SDex with EMG biofeedback is effective to selectively strengthen the SA. This article is meaningful in that it is the first article using SDex with EMG biofeedback.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.400-408
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare EMG activity during horticulture motion and upper limb rehabilitation motion, to confirm whether horticulture motion is suitable for upper extremity rehabilitation of hemiparesis. Design: Three-group cross-sectional design. Methods: The 45 subjects were divided into three groups: hemiparesis (n=15), elderly (n=15) and healthy (n=15). We have recorded EMG signals of six upper limb muscles Upper trapezius (UT), Middle deltoid (MD), Anterior deltoid (AD), Biceps brachii (BB), Triceps brachii (TB), Brachioradialis (BR) during horticultural motions and three upper limb rehabilitative motions. The dependent variables were peak EMG, integral EMG, co-contraction ratio. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare the horticultural motion and rehabilitation motion of the three groups. Results: The peak EMG was significantly different in MD, AD, BB, TB according to the motion(p<0.05), and the UT, BB were significant differences according to the group(p<0.05). The integral EMG was significantly different in MD, AD, BB, TB, BR according to the motion(p<0.05), and the BB were significant differences according to the group(p<0.05). The co-contraction ratio was significantly different in TB/BB according of the motion, and there was no difference between the groups. Conclusions: As a result of this study, horticultural motion alone was insufficient for upper arm rehabilitation, and horticultural motion alone was insufficient to induce continuous activity of the forearm.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.111-119
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• 2009

Objectives : To assess the characteristics of electropyography(EMG) and heart rate variability(HRV) values in idiopathic facial palsy inpatients of different Sasang constitutions. Methods : Medical records of 103 idiopathic facial palsy inpatients who underwent facial EMG testing and HRV testing were retrospectively reviewed. All subjects had been consulted to the department of Sasang constitution for constitution differentiation. The Sasang constitutional and age distribution were initially analyzed, and axonal loss percentage values on EMG were correlated with Sasang constitution and sex. HRV results were also correlated with Sasang constitution and sex. Results : 1. 24.4 percent of idiopathic facial palsy inpatients were of the Soyang constitution, 52.4 percent were of the Taeum, and 23.3 percent were of the Soeum. Patients in their fifties were most common in all constitutions(27.8%). 2. Mean axonal loss values for the temporal, zygomatic, and buccal branches were all statistically significantly lower in the Taeum constitution compared with Soyang or Soeum(p<0.05). 3. Mean axonal loss values for the temporal, zygomatic, and buccal branches were all statistically significantly lower in men than women(p<0.05). 4. The mean LF/HF ratio was significantly lower in idiopathic facial palsy inpatients of the Soeum constitution compared with Soyang and Taeum(p<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in mean MHRT, SDNN, TP, VLF, LF, and HF of different constitutions. 5. The mean SDNN was significantly lower in women inpatients compared with men(p<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in mean MHRT, TP, VLF, LF, HF, and LF/HF ratio. Conclusions : The Sasang constitutional composition of idiopathic facial palsy inpatients closely adheres to the composition proposed in Dong-eui-su-se-bo-won, but the Taeum and Soeum proportion is slightly larger and the Soyang proportion slightly smaller. Axonal loss value on EMG was significantly lower in the Taeum constitution, and in men(p<0.05, <0.05). Mean LF/HF ratio was significantly lower in the Soeum constitution compared with Soyang and Taeum(p<0.05), and mean SDNN was significantly lower in women(p<0.05).