• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.143-160
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• 2012

The community of periphyton was studied at high altitude streams of the Han-river System, including Buk-stream and Hangae-stream from October to November 2010. The study had special emphasis on the distribution of the cryophilic and mountain periphyton. In this research, 117 taxa of periphyton appeared and 80 taxa of diatom were included within these periphytons. Saproxenous taxa, such as Achnanthes convergens and Hannaea arcus var. subarcus were appeared in most sites, 7 sites were dominant by filamentous taxa in green and blue green algae. The DAIpo value was from 48.8 to 92.5 for the water system of this research. Most sites showed a good water quality, receiving a B class or above except the Woljeong-stream and the Daeki-stream. Cryophilic and mountain periphyton appeared 9 taxa which composed by diatoms Cymbella affinis, Cymbella tumida, Diatoma mesodon, Diatoma vulgare, Eunotia pectinalis, Hannaea arcus, Hannaea arcus var. subarcus and Synedra inaequalis and green algae Ulothrix zonata. Among these taxa, Hannaea arcus var. subarcus, found in 29 out of 33 sites, had the highest frequency of apperance. The relative frequency of Hannaea arcus var. subarcus was positively correlated with altitude($r^2$=0.539) and negatively correlated with water temperature($r^2$=0.338). As a result, Hannaea arcus var. subarcus showed the characteristics of cryophilic and mountain periphyton in the research site.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.347-356
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• 2010

Forests are being seriously fragmented as a result of land development. Land development with disregard to its subsequent environmental impacts is a primary threat to biodiversity by incurring massive habitat losses and changes in structure and composition of forests. The purpose of this study was to develop the impact assessment model for quantitative distance or degree of disturbance by land developments. This study conducted a survey about structure and composition of forest species to determine degree of impact from land development. The edge effect of forest fragmentation on the number of bird species, population size, and bird diversity was obvious. In particular, the bird diversity sharply declines around the forest edge where intensive land development projects take place. To assess the disturbance of forest species, the factors selected were the bird diversity and the rate of edge species. The impact assessment model about bird diversity was explained by type of forest fragmentation and type of vegetation ($R^2$=0.23, p<0.005). The other model about edge species explained by a distance, type of forest fragmentation, type of vegetation, and width of road ($R^2$=0.34, p<0.001). In order to test the applicability of the model developed in this study, the models was applied to the Samsong housing development in Goyang-si, Gyunggi-do. The impacts of land development on the bird species were reasonably quantified to suggest effective mitigation measure. The impact assessment model developed in this study is useful to assess the magnitude of disturbance of bird species. Particularly, the model could be applied to the current Environmental Impact Assessment practices to predict and quantify the impacts of land developments projects on forest bird species.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.667-676
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• 2013

This study analyzed the energy demand, greenhouse gas emission and greenhouse gas reduction potential of Electronic Electrical components company. The LEAP model targeting long term energy plan was used to establish the most efficient plan for the companies by examining the climate change policy of government and the countermeasures by companies. A scenario was created by having 11 greenhouse gases reduction plans to be introduced from 2011 as the basic plan. Regarding input data, energy consumption by business place and by use, number of employee from 2009 to 2012, land area and change in number of business places were utilized. The study result suggested that approximately 13,800 TJ of energy will be spent in 2020, which is more than 2 times of 2012 energy consumption. When the integrated scenario based on the reduction plan of companies would be enforced, approximately 3,000 TJ will be reduced in 2020. The emission of greenhouse gases until 2020 was forecasted as approximately 760,000 ton $CO_2eq$. When the integrated scenario would be enforced, the emission will be approximately 610,000 ton $CO_2eq$, which is decrease by approximately 150,000 ton $CO_2eq$. This study will help the efficient responding of eElectronic Electrical components company in preparing detail report on objective management system and enforcement plan. It will also contribute in their image as environment-friendly companies by properly responding to the regulation reinforcement of government and greenhouse gases emission target based on environment policy.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.381-395
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• 2011

Present work aims to establish an integrated management system of environmental data base for nine typical wind holes or air holes in Korea. It basically deals with definition, geographical distribution, morphological pattern, physical characteristics and anthropogenic environments of wind hole to propose systematic preservation strategy of their periglacial landscape and flora, which are known to be sensitive to global warming. Wind hole, in which cool air blows out during the summer, but mild air comes out during the winter from a cave or hole, is frequently found on northwest- and north-facing slopes on the terminal point of steep talus, block field, and block stream, and can be categorized into three types, i.e., talus, cave and sink types. Environmental characteristics of nine wind holes are analyzed on the basis of their geology, landform, climate, soil, hydrology, vegetation, road, footpath, land-use, and management system, and relevant DB are prepared. Wind hole areas with unique landscape and ecological values need to be designated as a nature reserve, and zoning of core, buffer, and transitional zones are required for the multi-dimensional preservation of periglacial landscape and ecosystem. Phytogeographical values of glacial relict plants, including mountain cranberry(Vaccinium vitis-idaea) at its global southernmost limit at Bangnaeri wind hole, Hongchon County, Gangwon Province of Korea are discussed in detail as a floristic refugia in connection with climate change during the Pleistocene Epoch and potential in-situ and ex-situ preservation sites in the future.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.93-104
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• 2012

In this research LCA methodology was adapted and analyzed in quantifying estimation of estuarine environment. The analysed objects of estuarine environment were construction methods, facility, and input material into water, and estuarine ecosystem. In this research the function of LCA of estuarine environment was river with the view of controling water, utilizing water, and hydrophilic function. According to the result of research, environmental damage indicator of facility was decreased 346 Pt from 453 Pt at pre-maintenance to 107 pt at post-maintenance. Among raw and subsidiary materials, remicon, stone-netting bag, and pebbles were showing heavy environmental load in the order. Evironmental impact of input material into water system was analyzed from 1,827 Pt environmental load before construction to 1,080 Pt of post-maintenance, and damage indicator was improved at 747 Pt. Water quality was improved from 1,827 Pt (before construction) to 1,080 Pt(after construction), and ecosystem was improved after maintenance. Environmental indicator in ecosystem was analyzed 427 Pt(before construction) to 348 Pt(after construction), and damage indicator of Sumnjingang riverine system was improved as much as 79 Pt. In the conclusion, estuarine environmental monitoring through LCA in the area of facility, input material into water and ecosystem showed that close-to-nature stream was 1,172 Pt better than artificial stream in environmental aspects.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.705-709
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• 2021

Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a major bacterial pathogen that causes periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease of tissues around the teeth. Periodontitis is known to be related to other diseases, such as oral cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and rheumatism. Thus, a precise and sensitive test to detect P. gingivalis is necessary for the early diagnosis of periodontitis. The objective of this study was to optimize a rapid visual detection system for P. gingivalis. First, we performed a visual membrane immunoassay using 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB; blue) and coating and detection antibodies that could bind to the host laboratory strain, ATCC 33277. Antibodies against the P. gingivalis surface adhesion molecules RgpB (arginine proteinase) and Kgp (lysine proteinase) were determined to be the most specific coating and detection antibodies, respectively. Using these two selected antibodies, the streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) reaction was performed using a nitrocellulose membrane and visualized with a detection range of 10³-10⁵ bacterial cells/ml following incubation for 15 min. These selected conditions were applied to test other oral bacteria, and the results showed that P. gingivalis could be detected without cross-reactivity to other bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans and Escherichia fergusonii. Furthermore, three clinical strains of P. gingivalis, KCOM 2880, KCOM 2803, and KCOM 3190, were also recognized using this optimized enzyme immunoassay (EIA) system. To conclude, we established optimized conditions for P. gingivalis detection with specificity, accuracy, and sensitivity. These results could be utilized to manufacture economical and rapid detection kits for P. gingivalis.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.431-444
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• 2017

This study was carried out to review the guidelines being used by law and national policy concerned on river environments management and suggest the applicability of newly developed river environment assessment system. In the current legal system, the national river environment management system is insufficient in securing an independent status in the legal institutional system which is separated to the Ministry of Land, Transport and Infrastructure and the Ministry of Environment. And the river environment assessment system of the national standard, which is a core matter, has not been established yet. In particular, there is a lack of integrated approach between the upper and lower plan or related plans on water resources, water quality, river environment and aquatic ecosystem management. In addition, the consistency and effectiveness as the process of planning and design according to the current status and comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the river environment were not secured either. To integrate national river environment management system and improve efficiency, I proposed the establishment of hierarchy and connection between national river plans, and the adoption and application of developed assessment system based on characteristics of river environment in Korea. Finally, I proposed the separated application with dividing the developed assessment system including the naturalness of river environment and suitability of water friendly activity into both assessment method for management plan of water resources of river basins & basic river plan respectively.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.393-412
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• 2021

This study examines the assessment systems of LEED v4.1, an eco-friendly building evaluation system in the United States, and SITE v2, an assessment system for sustainable outdoor spaces, and then compares and examines them from the perspective ofrelevant laws and institutional guidelines and standards in Korea. The conclusion is as follows. First, the US eco-friendly certification system basically not only establishes an independent evaluation system according to the field of expertise, but also provides a sustainable city and community through response to the climate crisis and the comfort of the external space environment. It can be evaluated that securing the quality of life of healthy and happy city dwellers is the top priority. Second, Korea's Green Building Certification System (G-LEED) was basically based on the American LEED system, but it was judged that there was a fundamental difference. It was judged that there is a limitation in not being able to achieve an integrated approach through the participation of various expert groups and stakeholders, but also in the accumulation of more scientific and reliable data and information through the application of cutting-edge information and communication equipment. Third, in the case of external space in Korea, a sustainable assessment system has not been established, and not only is it dispersed in various legal and institutional guidelines, but also its effectiveness is judged to be very low. Therefore, it is judged that it is urgent to introduce and secure the applicability of SITES v2, a sustainable outdoor space assessment system in the United States. It was judged that the effectiveness should be secured through the upward adjustment of the minimum Ecological Area Ratio.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.137-149
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamics of the Zacco platypus population among streams in the Gongjicheon water system, Korea from December 2010 to October 2011. In this study, fish fauna was collected 27 Species belonged to 9 Families. The legal protection species, such as a natural monument and endangered species was not collected. Korean endemic species was collected 6 species including to Z. koreanus. The ratio of Korean endemic species was 22.6%, and it was lower than 51.3% that average of Korean endemic species in the Hangang water system. About these status, we considered that Gongjicheon water system had lost of the unique characteristics of the Hangang water system by the anthropogenic disturbances. The result of analysis to length-weight relationship and condition factor(K) of Z. platypus population in the Gongjicheon water system, the regression coefficient value(b) to indication of growth degree of the population was 3.04 and the slope of the condition factor(K) to indication of corpulency had positive value, respectively. These results seems to be that the Z. platypus population is maintained to a little unstably. In addition, the values of the degree of growth and corpulence were very low than the other natural streams in the Hangang water system, so it considered that the many artificially stress factors are occurred in this study area. These results are similar to Fish Assessment Index(FAI) in the assessment for health of aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, we are considered to require precise investigation and sustained monitoring for the restorations of stream ecosystem in the Gongjicheon water system.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.471-482
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• 2019

Water treatment system filled with Bio-stone Ball (BSB) have been developed for the purification of polluted water in many rivers and lakes. The real-scale plants of BSB water treatment system was constructed for field application test and water purification evaluation in Maewha reservoir. The average water purification efficiencies of BSB watertreatment system shows BOD 70.3% (47.2~97.4%), COD 45.3% (26.1~64.7%), TOC 19.2% (8.5~50.0%), SS 82.8% (73.1~92.7%), Chl-a 80.4% (57.2~91.8%), TN 23.2% (6.4~39.5%), and TP 51.8% (-1.1~80.1%). BSB water treatment system shows very high at 70~80% in the water purification efficiencies of BOD, Chl-a, and SS. The average of pollution loading reduction by installation of BSB treatment system shows 39.2% for COD and 16.8% for TP. The water quality improvement rates (%) of the Maewha reservoir shows TOC 14.5%, COD 14.5%, Chl-a 12.5% and TP 25.1%. The BSB watertreatment system can be applied to many agricultural reservoirs and major rivers to deal with serious water pollution issues.