• 제목/요약/키워드: ECOLOGICAL FOREST

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도시림의 식생구조분석 -경주 남산을 중심으로- (Vegetation Structure Analysis of Urban Forest -The Case of Namsan in Kyungju-)

  • 이영경;최송현
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제28권3호
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    • pp.13-24
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    • 2000
  • In urban area, urban forests work as an ecological center that mitigates the environmental pollution of the area. In order to maintain the ecological function of a forest, the management method should be established based on ht through investigation of the vegetation structure of the forest. In this study, the vegetation structure of Namsan in Kyungju area was investigated in order to study the ecological value of Namsan and to suggest a desirable management alternative. 21 plots were selected as survey areas. Using the TWINSPAN technique, the forest of Namsan was classified into four communities: Quercus serrata community(I), Castanea crenata-Q. serrata-Q. mongolica community(II), Pinus densiflora community(III) and P. densiflora-P. rigida-Robinia pseudoacacia community(IV). The survey results were summarized by five: 1) the distribution of vegetation showed 2) P. densiflora was the absolutely dominant species in Namsan, 3) number of the average species was 12.6$^{\circ}$$\pm$3.1, 4) number of individual was 131.1$^{\circ}$$\pm$47.8 per a plot(100$m^2$), 5) the results of annual ring analysis revealed that the age of P. densiflora in Namsan was about 3 0$^{\circ}$~60$^{\circ}$years old. From the above results, it was found out that the forest has two problems. One thing is maintenance of P.densiflora against succession, another is artificial forest dispersion. The problems of Namsan forest management will be solved with further studies related.

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간벌강도 및 주기에 따른 동적 흉고직경 생장예측 모형개발 - 기존 수확표 자료를 기반으로 - (Developing Dynamic DBH Growth Prediction Model by Thinning Intensity and Cycle - Based on Yield Table Data -)

  • 김문일;이우균;박태진;곽한빈;변정연;남기준;이경학;손영모;원형규;이상민
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제101권2호
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    • pp.266-278
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구에서는 우리나라 주요 수종을 대상으로 간벌강도 및 주기에 따른 흉고직경생장을 예측할 수 있는 동적생장모형을 개발하였다. 그동안 산림청에서 구축한 정적생장모형인 임분수확표를 이용하여 총 8개 수종에 대한 동적생장모형을 구축하였다. 간벌종류는 하층간벌을 전제로 하였으며, 간벌강도별로 간벌후의 흉고직경변화를 예측할 수 있는 함수식을 구축하였다. 또한, 임령, 지위지수 이외에도 ha당 본수를 설명변수로 하는 흉고직경여 총함수식을 유도하였다. 이와 같이 구축된수확표를 이여 모형을 이용하여 간벌강도 및 주기별로 확표를 이 다양하이여 될 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된수확표를 용하여 모형을 이용해 숲가꾸기 등의 산림시업이 산림용하 및 임목축분수변화에 미치는 효과를 파악할 수 있으며, 나아이산림의 탄소흡수능력을 평가하는데 본 연구결과가 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

DMZ 주변 훼손지의 생태복원 평가지표 개발 (Development of Evaluation Indices for Ecological Restoration of Degraded Environments Near DMZ in the Republic of Korea)

  • 이상훈;이상혁;이솔애;최재용
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.135-151
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    • 2015
  • DMZ is considered as an ecologically sensitive landscape and one of the highest biodiversity regions in the Republic of Korea. There have been, albeit the significant value, increased interests in developing this region for a variety of purposes including tourism and commemorative events. As this region has been already facing a range of problems derived from previous development, natural disaster and invasive species, the necessity for active management of ecological health within this region has been increased, which weighs the importance of executing ecological restoration. The objective of this study was to develop evaluation indices as an effective management means of properly evaluating ecological restoration and sustainably maintaining the restored conditions on a long-term scale. Through literature review existing evaluation indices related to restoration were collected, and then the most suitable indices were selected based upon two interviews and one questionnaire survey targeting experts in the relevant field to ecological restoration. They were categorized by two major division and their subclasses (Ecological base - vegetation structure & composition, habitat characteristics, soil environment; landscape ecology - connectivity, landscape patch, boundary & surrounding) and 40 indices. These indices were considered helpful to comprehensively evaluate ecological restoration on degraded environments within ecologically sensitive areas, and sustainably manage target areas by employing a long-term monitoring approach. As this result played a meaningful role in providing the fundamentals of evaluating ecological restoration, it should develop a suitable evaluation system through further research.

Creation of an Environmental Forest as an Ecological Restoration

  • Lee, Chang-Seok;You, Young-Han
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.101-109
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    • 2001
  • We created an environmental forest on the basis of ecological design around the incineration plant of Jindo Engineering and Construction Co., Ltd., which is located in Jeongwang-dong, Siheung-si, Kyunggi-do. To get ecological information of this site, physico-chemical properties of soil on salt marsh, which is located close to the syudy site and of forest soil transported from other sites for ecological restoration were analyzed. Texture of salt marsh and transported soils were loam and sandy loam, respectively. pH, organic matter, T-N, available P, and exchangeable K and Na contents of salt marsh and transported forest soils were 6.7 and 5.4, 4.1 and 0.4%, 1.0 and 0.3mg/g, 46.7 and 6.8ppm, 521 and 207ppm, and 3.8 and 0.5mg/g, respectively. Introduced plants were selected among the dominant species of forests and the species composing the potential natural vegetation around the present study site. Those plants were selected again by considering the tolerances to air pollution and to salt, and their availability. Selected trees were Pinus thunbergii, Sophora japonica, Celtis sinensis, Quercus aliena, Q. serrata, Q. dentata, and Q. acutissima. Selected sub-trees were Albizzia julibrissin, Koelreuteria poniculata, and Styrax japonica and shrubs were Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense, R. mucronulatum, Callicarpa japonica, Euonymus alatus, E. japonica, and R. schlippenbachii. On the other hand, introduction of herbs was not considered except for Liriope platyphylla, which was ornamentally planted in one site. Planting bed of mound type was adopted to provide the fine drainage system. Mound was designed to furnish litter, A, B, and C layers simuating the profile of forest soil. Slope of mound was mulched by rice straw of 2cm in thickness to prevent for sliding of litter and soil in cases of strong wind or heavy rain. Height of mound was designed to secure more than 1 m by combining A and B layers. Narrow zones, in which mound with stable slope degree cannot be prepared, was designed to equip the standard soil depth with the introduction of stone for supporting. On the other hand, plants with shallow root system were arranged in some zones, in which satisfactory soil depth cannot be ensured. Plants were arranged in the order of tree, sub-tree, and shrub from center to edge on the mound to make a mature forest of a dome shape in the future. Dispersion of plants was designed to be random pattern rather than clumped one. Problems on creation of the environmental forest by such ecological design were found to be management or inspection by non-specialized project operators and inspecting officers, and regulations for construction without ecological background. Alternative plans to solve such problems were suggested.

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샛강 생태복원을 위한 해외 사례 연구의 고찰 (An Analytical Study of Foreign Researches and Examples on Ecological Restoration for the Small Stream)

  • 권태호;박재현;김동욱
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제7권5호
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    • pp.26-37
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    • 2004
  • Most domestic small rivers and streams due to industrialization and urbanization have managed by concrete structures. The environmental functions of the river and stream are disappearing and urban streams play only the role of drainage systems. Also, the researches to restore natural streams are something yet to develop and not established the restoration for ecological functions of a small stream. Therefore the researches are required to develop ecological engineering system for watershed management system to handle various pollutants with restoration for ecological functions of a small stream. To develop this, the ecological engineering system for watershed management system could be developed with ecological conservation. In addition, ecological engineering system for watershed management system should be prior to conserve the habitat of biological resources and water conservation and applied to the original shape of streams. Also, it should be designed to restore the micro-topography of stream, the habitat of plant population in watershed. It is needed to develop the integrated researches to restore a small stream ecosystem.

골프장내 잔존림을 활용한 친환경적 프로그램 적용가능성 연구 - 인천시 S 골프장을 대상으로 - (A Study on Application of Environmental-friendly Program for Using Relict Forest in Golf Course - Focusing on the "S" Golf Course in Incheon -)

  • 강현경;백승준
    • 한국환경생태학회지
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.113-126
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구는 골프장 잔존림내 식생현황을 파악하여 친환경 골프장으로서의 생태교육프로그램 도입을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행하였다. 연구대상지는 인천광역시 중구 운서동에 위치한 S골프장으로 전체면적 약 $3,298,428m^2$이었으나 잔존림 면적은 약 $225,143m^2$이었다. 잔존림을 대상으로 기존 토지이용, 지형구조, 식물상, 현존식생, 식물군집구조를 실시하였다. 잔존림은 기존 토지이용현황(1999)과 비교 분석한 결과, 산림지역(89.2%)과 나대지내 삼목토성을 포함한 주변지역(10.8%)에 존치되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 잔존림이 분포하는 두 개 코스(오션, 하늘)의 식생현황으로 오션코스는 참나무류 혼효림, 상수리나무림과 같은 자연림, 암반지역내 곰솔 복원림, 삼목토성 인공림(가중나무-아까시나무림, 아까시나무림) 및 상수리나무-보리수나무 대경목지로 구분되었다. 하늘코스는 인공림인 리기다소나무림과 아까시나무림이 중심식생이었다. 본 식생유형별 조사구(단위면적 $100m^2$)내 참나무류 자연림에서는 26~28종, 곰솔복원지 3종, 하늘코스의 인공림은 5~7종으로 자연림, 복원림, 인공림에 있어 대조적인 양상의 식생종 분포현황을 나타내었다. 이러한 식생현황에 기초하여 오션코스는 참나무류 자생숲, 곰솔 복원숲, 삼목토성의 생태 이야기로 구분하여 공간별 생태적 테마를 구상하였다. 하늘코스는 아까시나무 및 리기다소나무 중심의 인공숲 관찰지와 아까시나무 향기숲 공간으로 구상하였다. 본 연구결과는 골프장 친환경인정제의 도입에 대한 논의가 이루어지는 시점에서 골프장 잔존림별 식생현황을 토대로 골프장 생태환경에 대한 인식향상 및 지역사회에 기여할 수 있는 프로그램 제공에도 주요한 자료로서 작용할 것으로 판단된다.

Predictive Distribution Modelling of Calamus andamanicus Kurz, an Endemic Rattan from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India

  • Sreekumar, V.B.;Suganthasakthivel, R.;Sreejith, K.A.;Sanil, M.S.
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.94-98
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    • 2016
  • Calamus andamanicus Kurz is one of the commercially important solitary rattans endemic to Andaman and Nicobar islands. The habitat suitability modeling program, MaxEnt, was used to predict the potential ecological niches of this species, based on bioclimatic variables. The study revealed high potential distribution of C. andamanicus across both Andaman and Nicobar islands. Of the 33 spatially unique points, 21 points were recorded from South and North Andamans and 12 from Great Nicobar Islands. The islands like Little Andaman, North Sentinel, Little Nicobar, Tllangchong, Teressa were also predicted positive even though this rattan is not recorded from these islands. Mean diurnal range, higher precipitation in the wettest month of the year, annual precipitation and precipitation in the driest month are the main predictors of this species distribution.

서울시 우면산 도시자연공원내 도시림의 생태적 특성을 고려한 생태공원 조성기법 (Creation Techniques of Ecological Park to Consider Urban Forest Ecosystem in Woomyeonsan Urban Nature Park, Seoul)

  • 이경재;이수동;장종수;안인수
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.79-96
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    • 2005
  • This study is to suggest the technique of ecological park to compatible mountain ecosystem near the urban in Woomyeonsan Urban Nature Park. It was proposed to differential technique from established ecological park focused on changing the cognition of nature, wetland ecosystem protection and restoration, and studying by served sound leisure program(nature observation and experience, etc.), in compatible mountain and urban forest near the Urban. Firstly, to achieve this aim, it was carried out delicated research and analysis that were the angle of inclination, trail, fauna, actual vegetation, bird and insect, and then to selected nature trail course and analysis capability through it.. In the basic concept and plan, firstly to make park aid mark and foundation mark, and then to establish the detail programs, nature observation program, management and organization program. This site where valley and mountain coexist was highly capable but whole site was very steep, so usable area is very narrow. To make Woomyeonsan nature ecological park escape from the established wetland type, ecological park and the park of event have to use nature material and introduce visitor. To establish it as the Nature Culture observation park and reflect on forest, valley of Woomyeonsan was divided into three display places; Nature ecosystem Zone, Meditation Zone, Nature Culture experience Zone and Nature Culture observation Center. For satisfying with ecological park aid mark and foundation mark, it was proposed to settle management plan for volunteer control and organization composition.

산림 대상 석회 시용의 연구 경향과 산림생태계에 미치는 영향 (Research Trends of Forest Liming and the Effects of Liming on Forest Ecosystems)

  • 김주섭;장한나;노유진;한승현;손요환
    • 환경생물
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    • 제36권1호
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    • pp.50-61
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구는 산림생태계에서의 석회 시용 연구를 연대별, 국가별 그리고 주제별로 경향을 파악하고 석회 시용이 산림생태계의 각 요소 (토양, 식생, 수계 등)에 미치는 영향을 종합 분석하고자 하였다. 산림 대상 석회 시용은 연대별 산성강하물 유입량의 변화에 따라 시용 목적이 달라졌으며, 관련 연구는 산성화로 인한 대규모 산림 피해가 발생한 유럽과 북미 지역에서 주로 수행되었다. 대부분의 석회 시용 연구는 토양 반응을 중심으로 수행되었고, 토양 이외에 식생, 수계 등을 포함한 연구의 수는 비교적 적었다. 한편 산림 대상 석회 시용의 효과는 토양, 식생 및 수계 사이의 유기적인 상호작용을 통해 산림생태계 전체에 미치며 특히 화학적 성질변화가 중요한 것으로 나타났다. 석회 시용 후 토양의 pH, BS, CEC 변화는 토양 층위와 경과 시간에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 그리고 식생의 반응은 지상부 및 지하부 생장과 식물체 내 양분 농도의 변화로 이어졌으며, 수종과 토양 조건에 따라 반응은 다르게 나타났다. 수계는 석회 시용 후 토양에서와 유사한 화학적 성질 변화를 보였으며, 이는 플랑크톤과 어류 등의 생물상 변화로 이어졌다. 본 연구 결과는 향후 석회 시용 관련 연구를 계획하는 단계에서 중요한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.