• 한국안전학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.6-13
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• 2013

This study focuses on finding ECO driving patterns which consider driving safety of the ATO system train and reliability and which optimize efficiency of the driving energy consumption. Research results derived by performing simulation of those 5 models show that the emergency braking which affects safety of passenger and the machinery is minimized, and safe driving speed is maintained by the prohibition of drastic acceleration/deceleration, coasting and constant-speed driving. Therefore if this result is applied to the urban railway train by amending or making ATO program to save energy usage that improve environmental quality, its effects as ECO driving pattern is huge.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1053-1058
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• 2008

Porous medium was considered in the present study for the heat transfer enhancement. This was attributed to its high surface area to volume ratio as well as intensive flow mixing by tortuous flow passages. But when the air or water flow through in the porous medium, it is occurred the pressure drop between inlet and outlet. So in the present study investigated simulation result about the pressure drop in the porous medium before apply to heat exchanger. In this simulation, the thickness of the solid inside the porous medium region was varied 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm. And then the simulation result were compared the pressure drop in the same unit cell ($0.5\;mm{\times}0.5\;mm{\times}0.5\;mm$). To make the analysis model, it was assumed the 14-sided tetrakaidecahedron cell which has long been considered the optimal packing cell first proposed by the Lord Kelvin in 1887. And then the simulation is carried out using by STAR-CCM+ which is commercial software. The simulation result can be showed quantified pressure drop by solid effect in the porous medium.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권5B호
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• pp.547-558
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• 2008

최근 폭증하는 해상물동량으로 인해 선박은 날로 대형화되며 현재 우리나라에서는 이러한 추이에 대응하기 위해 초대형 항만건설이 서둘러 진행되고 있으며 그 중 일부는 이미 부분적으로 완성되어 운영 중이거나 계속적인 확장이 예정되어있다. 초대형 항만의 경우 항 정온도 확보를 위해 대형 직립형 방파제가 수반되기 마련이나 비교적 높은 반사율로 인해 장주기의 파랑에 취약한 구조적 문제를 지닌다. 장주기 파랑의 효과적 제어를 위해 본 고에서는 아치형 curtain wall과 유수실로 구성된 된 장파 제어체 -Eco-breaker 2- 가 제시되며 Eco-breaker 2의 수리특성을 수치적으로 규명하였다. 수치모형은 가장 강건한 파랑모형인 Navier-Stokes Eq.과 SPH(Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics), LES(Large Eddy Simulation) 기법에 기초하여 구성하였다. 수치모형의 검증을 위한 수리모형실험도 병행하였다. 수치모의 결과 Eco-breaker 2는 유수실 내부에 생성되어 아치형 curtain wall 전면 수역과 유수실을 주기적으로 넘나드는 대규모 구조적 와로 장파를 효과적으로 제어할 수 있었다. 또한 대규모 구조적 와의 생성 영역과 세기는 내습하는 파랑의 주기에 종속하며 유수실 체류시간이 입사파 주기의 반을 하회하는 경우 반사계수는 최대 0.18까지 낮아진다. 이러한 결과는 Eco-breaker 2가 환경친화적 항의 개발에 적극적으로 활용될 수 있음을 시사하는 것으로 이를 위해 그 구체적 제원도 함께 제시하였다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

As part of the government's energy policy, Zero Energy Building certification was launched on January of 2017. However, the three passive-housing rental housing projects are the only ZEB-certified detached housing since the certification's launch. The reason is that, in order for a detached housing to earn ZEB certification, it has to secure self-reliance in energy, and a photovoltaic system is the only viable renewable energy system. Therefore, conducting an analysis to optimize the photovoltaic system in an early design stage is strongly recommended. This study aimed to propose an optimal photovoltaic system design for a detached housing after analyzing through the ECO2 energy simulation of 44 cases, varying in a module type and efficiency, inclination and azimuth. As a result, 15 cases out of 44 cases were analyzed to satisfy ZEB evaluation criteria, and it is thought that these data could contribute greatly to the expansion of ZEB certification dissemination.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.72-78
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• 2013

The turbulent flow behavior of air supply and exhaustion in the Shin-gum-ho subway station is analyzed for ordinary and emergency state. The depth of Shin-gum-ho station is 43.6m which consists of the island-type platform(8th floor in underground) and a two-story lobby (first & second floor in underground). An emergency stairway connects between the platform and the lobby. Ventilation operation mode for ordinary state is set up as a combination of air supply and exhaustion in the lobby and platform, while for emergency state it is set up as a full air supply in the lobby and a full exhaustion in the platform. The entire station is covered for simulation. The ventilation diffusers are modeled as 95 square shapes of $0.6m{\times}0.6m$ in the lobby and as 222 square shapes of $0.6m{\times}0.6m$ and 4 rectangular shapes of $1.2m{\times}0.8m$ in the platform. The total of 7.5million grids are generated and whole domain is divided to 22 blocks for MPI efficiency of calculation. Large eddy simulation(LES) is applied to solve the momentum equation and Smagorinsky model($C_s$=0.2) is used as SGS(subgrid scale) model. The time-averaged velocity fields are compared to experimental data and show a good agreement with it.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.215-220
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• 2015

본 연구는 공동주택에 적용되고 있는 환기장치를 선정하고 환기장치의 에너지특성 분석과 에너지저감을 목적으로 시뮬레이션 프로그램 (ECO2)을 이용하여 환기장치 별 에너지성능평가를 수행하였으며, 아래와 같이 결과를 도출하였다. 공동주택을 대상으로 환기장치 별 에너지 효율등급평가 기준에 따른 소비량을 수행하고자 하였다. 또한 단지별 에너지소비량과 비교 검토 결과를 통하여 현재 우리나라에서 공동주택에 적용하고 있는 환기장치별 에너지 소비량 실태를 파악하였다. 중부지방의 84type, 한 개동을 대상으로 시뮬레이션한 결과, 자연환기장치의 등급용 1차에너지소요량 값은 $159.9kWh/m^2yr$, 전열교환환기장치 $161kWh/m^2yr$, 바닥환기장치 $179.7kWh/m^2yr$로 계산 되었다. 위 시뮬레이션 결과를 공동주택의 실제 현장자료로 검증하였으며, 환기장치별 에너지소요량에 대한 비율로 비교해본 결과, 전열교환환기방식이 자연환기방식에 비해 -1~6% 적은 값을 보였으며, 바닥배관환기방식이 자연환기방식에 비해 약 10~20% 더 많은 1차에너지소요량이 나타났다. 환기장치의 팬동력과 열회수효율에 따라 에너지소요량의 난방과 환기 값이 변화하며, 향후 기계환기장치의 효율화 및 최적화가 필요하다고 판단된다.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.181-184
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• 2009

This study aimed at framing alternative urban planning scenarios reflecting urban planning factors, performing urban climate simulation and evaluating eco-friend and low energy characteristics of each scenario on the viewpoint of urban temperature and energy savings on the target of the costal city including Haeundae District in Busan The results are as follows. 1)The fact that urban higher temperature is approximately 2.5 times higher in the building constructed area than whole urban area was represented severe higher temperature phenomenon in the built-up area. Ground greening, water scenario and soil scenario could be expected peek air temperature alleviating effect in order. Especially water scenario had significant effect(maximum $2.5^{\circ}C$) on lowering of air temperature.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2017

The study analyzed the heat losses and the building energy efficiency grade by the energy simulation using the ENERGY# and ECO2 programs for the three types of Standard design of rural houses. It was calculated the energy efficiency rating by the ECO2 program for the rural housing standard design, and the energy demand and the energy consumption by each factor were compared and analyzed. And it analyzed energy consumption by element of each house by ENERGY # program. As a result, first in the evaluation of the energy efficiency grade of buildings by the ECO2 program, the rating for primary energy requirement for the housing newly built by the standard design of rural house is expected to range from 2 to 4 with 189.3 to $238.7kWh/m^2.a$. Second, the energy loss of each part of standard design of rural housing occurs in the order of ventilation 39%, window 33%, outer wall 14%, roof 9%, bottom 5%, and energy loss through ventilation and window occurs more than 70%. Third, the most beneficial effects on the energy efficiency grade is obtained the lowest grade of all three types by 2 when the lowering of the window and door heat transmission rate and the lowering of the light density, and the heat exchange ventilation device is not installed. Fourth, in the standard design of rural housing, the energy demand is occupied by heating > hot water > lighting order, and the order of the weight is changed in order of heating > lighting > ventilation > hot water. Fifth, building energy efficiency assessment system needs to establish policy for fixing rural housing energy as a practical device to ensure energy performance and quality.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.973-983
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• 2007

The eco-hydrologic effects of maintenance water supply on Oncheon stream are studied using hydrologic, hydraulic and ecologic models. SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) is used for long-term simulation of runoff quantity and water quality from Oncheon stream watershed. Using the output hydrologic variables from SWMM, HEC-RAS (River Analysis System) is then used to simulate the hydraulics of water flow through Oncheon stream channels. Such hydrologic, hydraulic and water quality output variables from SWMM and HEC-RAS are served as input data to execute PHABSIM (Physical Habitat Simulation) for the purpose of predicting the micro-habitat conditions in rivers as a function of stream flow and the relative suitability of those conditions to aquatic life. It is observed from the PHABSIM results that the weighted usable area for target fishes has the maximum value at $2m^3/s$ of instream flow. However, mid and down stream areas that have concrete river bed and covered region are unsuitable for fish habitat regardless of instream flow increment. The simulation results indicate that the simple maintenance water supply is limited in its effect to improve the ecological environment in Oncheon stream. Therefore, it is imperative to improve water quality and to recover habitat conditions simultaneously.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.369-385
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• 1996

가막만 식물플랑크톤에 대한 기초생산력을 산정하기 위해 해수유동모델과 생태계 모델을 이용하였다. 이를 위해 양식기간동안 양식장이 없는 조건으로 식물플랑크톤에 대한 기초생산력을 산정하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 양식장이 없는 경우로 월별 식물플랑크톤을 예측한 결과로 월별 식물플랑크톤량의 변화를 보면 6월부터 증가하기 시작하여 9월이 가장 높은 식물플랑크톤량을 보이고 9월부터 12월까지 급격히 감소하다가 그 이후 3월까지 서서히 감소하였다. 양식장이 없는 경우로 월별 식물플랑크톤에 대해 계산한 기초생산력을 보면 양식기간 동안 범위는 $0.99\~10.20gC/m^2/d$로 평균 $4.43gC/m^2/d$이였다. 월별 변동을 보면 6월부터 급격하게 증가하기 시작하여 8월에 가장 높은 생산력을 보이고 8월 이후 12월까지 급격히 감소하다가 1월 이후에 3월까지 서서히 증가하는 경향을 보였다.