• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2019

8세 남아가 호흡곤란과 기면증을 보이며 응급실에 내원하였다. 극도의 호흡부전을 보이고 있었고 고유량의 산소 공급을 함에도 불구하고 88-90%로 밖에 유지되지 않았고 단순 흉부 방사선 검사에서 전 폐야에 불투과도가 증가하였고 중등도의 흉수를 보였다. 마이코플라스마 폐렴 진단 하에 정맥 macrolide 를 포함한 항생제 치료를 시작하였으나 2병일 째 간, 신장에 다기관 부전 및 급성 호흡부전 증상을 보였다. 정맥-정맥 체외순환막성산소화기를 삽입하였고 지속적 신대체요법도 병행하였다. 18병일 째 성공적으로 체외순환막성산소화기에서 이탈하였고 저산소성 뇌 손상 없이 성공적으로 치료되었기에 본 사례를 보고한다.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.25-41
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• 2024

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate changes in critical nursing activities from 2009 to 2020 and explore the relationship between nurse staffing and such activities in intensive care units. Methods : A total of 446,445 adult patients admitted to intensive care units in tertiary and general hospitals from 2009 to 2020 were identified using the National Health Insurance claims database. The Critical Nursing Activities Index was calculated based on the following critical nursing activities: ventilator, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Trend analysis was performed to analyze changes in critical nursing activities over 12 years and to assess linear trends across different staffing levels. Results : The annual utilization days for ventilators, ECMO, and CRRT, as well as the Critical Nursing Activities Index significantly increased over the study period (p-for-trend<.001) in tertiary and general hospitals, except for ventilator use in general hospitals. Ventilator, ECMO, and CRRT utilization exhibited a significant upward trend with higher nurse staffing levels (Bonferroni adjusted p-for-trend<.001). The Critical Nursing Activities Index was significantly higher in hospitals with higher staffing levels compared to those with lower staffing levels (Bonferroni adjusted p <.05). Conclusion : The findings underscore the need for improved nurse staffing levels in intensive care units. Government policies should ensure that staffing levels align with critical nursing activities among critically ill patients to uphold the quality of care.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.2-8
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• 2021

Since the first reported case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in December 2019, the numbers of confirmed cases and deaths have continued to increase exponentially despite multi-factorial efforts. Although various attempts have been made to improve the level of evidence for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment over the past 10 years, most experts still hesitate to take an active position on whether to apply ECMO in COVID-19 patients. Several ECMO management guidelines have been published recently, but they reflect some important differences from the Korean medical system and aspects of real-world medical practice in Korea. We aimed to find evidence on the efficacy of ECMO for COVID-19 patients by reviewing the published literature and to propose expert recommendations by analyzing the Korean COVID-19 ECMO registry data.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.373-377
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• 2014

Background: This paper aimed to verify the effects of renal replacement therapy on changing the levels of serum creatinine for different veno-arterial and veno-venous configurations in prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients. Methods: The subjects were chosen 71 patients who had undergone more than 1,440 minutes (24 hours) of the therapy from among 117 patients who had undergone ECMO insertion between January 2008 and December 2012. The patients were separated into the veno-arterial configuration group I (51 patients) and the veno-venous configuration group II (20 patients). The difference in the level of serum creatinine (${\Delta}Cr$) between before or just after ECMO insertion ($Cr_I$) and the level when the pump time was between 2,880 and 4,320 minutes ($Cr_F$) was checked (${\Delta}Cr=Cr_F-Cr_I$), and the average ${\Delta}Cr$ for each group was compared using a Student t-test at the confidence interval (CI) of 95%. Results: The change in the level of serum creatinine was an increase of 0.341 mg/dL (${\sigma}$=0.9202) for group I and a decrease of 0.120 mg/dL (${\sigma}$=1.5292) for group II. The change was significantly high for group I (p=0.011, CI=95%). Meanwhile, within group I, when renal replacement therapy was not done, there was a significant increase in the level of serum creatinine (p=0.009, CI=95%). Conclusion: For ECMO insertion patients whose pump time was more than 1,440 minutes, there was a significant change in the level of serum creatinine when renal replacement therapy was not done, for the veno-arterial configuration of group I.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.385-390
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• 2000

Background: To review the experience that used both ventricular assist device(VAD) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO) for children with congential heart disease requiring postcardiotomy mechanical circulatory support. Material and Method: Between March 1993 and May 1995, we applied mechanical assist device using centrifugal pump to the 16 patients who failed to be weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass(n=15) or had been in cardiogenic shock in intensive care unit(n=1). The diagnosis were all congenital heart diseases and the ages of patients ranged from 20 days to 10 years (mean age=2.5$\pm$3.5 years). Result: The methods of mechanical circulatory support were LVAD(n=13), BVAD (n=1), and ECMO(n=2). The mean assist times were 54.0$\pm$23.7 hours. Post-assist complications were in orders: bleeding, acute renal failure, ventricular failure, respiratory failure, infection, and neurologic complication. It was possible for 9 patients(56.3%) to be weaned from assist device and 5 patients(31.3%) were discharged from hospital. There was no statistical significant between hospital discharged group and undischarged group by age, body weight, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and assist time. Conclusion: The ventricular assist device is an effective modality in salvaging the patient who failed to be weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass, but multiple factors must be considered for improving the results of mechanical circulatory support ; such as patient selection, optimal time of starting the assist device, and prevention and management of the complications.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.207-209
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• 2016

A 4-month-old boy diagnosed with acute myocarditis was treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Follow-up echocardiography eight hours after ECMO revealed intracardiac thrombosis involving all four heart chambers. Because of the high risk of systemic embolization due to a pedunculated thrombus of the aortic valve, we performed an emergency thrombectomy. After the operation, the patient had a minor neurologic sequela of left upper arm hypertonia, which had almost disappeared at the last outpatient clinic two months later. He was diagnosed with a major mutation in MTHFR (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase), which is related to thrombosis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.203-206
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• 2016

Patients with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) frequently suffer from pulmonary edema due to left ventricular dysfunction that accompanies left heart dilatation, which is caused by left atrial hypertension. The problem can be resolved by left atrium (LA) decompression. We performed a successful percutaneous LA decompression with an atrial septostomy and placement of an LA venting cannula in a 38-month-old child treated with venoarterial ECMO for acute myocarditis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.468-472
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• 2014

Diffuse refractory vascular spasms associated with coronary bypass artery grafting (CABG) are rare but devastating. A 42-year-old male patient with a past history of stent insertion was referred for the surgical treatment of a recurrent left main coronary artery disease. A hemodynamic derangement developed during graft harvesting, necessitating a hurried initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Although CABG was carried out as planned, the patient could not be weaned from the bypass. An emergency coronary angiography demonstrated a diffuse spasm of both native coronary arteries and grafts. CPB was switched to the femorofemoral extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO). Although he managed to recover from heart failure, his discharge was delayed due to the ischemic injury of the lower limb secondary to cannulation for ECMO. We reviewed the case and literature, placing emphasis on the predisposing factors and appropriate management.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제54권8호
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• pp.345-349
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• 2011

A 3-year-old girl with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to a H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection was complicated by necrotizing pneumonia was successfully treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). This is the first reported case in which a pediatric patient was rescued with ECMO during the H1N1 influenza epidemic in Korea in 2009.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.205-208
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• 2018

A 71-year-old female patient was admitted to the emergency department with sudden aggravation of chest pain and severe dyspnea. Computed tomography showed extensive pulmonary thromboembolism. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was instituted due to sudden bradycardia and hypotension. An emergency operation was performed. However, chronic pulmonary thromboembolism combined with an acute pulmonary embolism was detected in the operating room. Embolectomy and endarterectomy were performed. ECMO was then discontinued. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 13 with warfarin for anticoagulation. The patient was followed up for 46 months as an outpatient without further thromboembolic events.