• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.294-298
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• 2008

Effects of endosulfan (EN), an insecticide, and bleomycin (BL), an antibiotic, on the body weight in the normal mice, and the in vivo cell growth, tumor weight, and hematological parameters of the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell-bearing Swiss albino mice Mus musculus were evaluated. EN and BL were respectively administered orally and intraperitoneally to the experimental mice; the control group consisted of EAC cell-bearing untreated mice only. EN reduced the body weight in normal mice, whereas BL resulted in a steady body weight compared to the control. EN increased the EAC cell count significantly by reducing the growth of normal viable cells. In contrast, BL reduced the cell count by increasing the proportion of viable cells in the body. The tumor weights induced by EN were significantly higher than those of the EAC control and the BL-treated animals. In comparisons with the control and the BL mice, hematological parameters such as hemoglobin (%) and the number of RBC and lymphocytes were lowered, while counts of WBC, neutrophils, and monocytes were elevated after EN treatments. These results show that BL is capable of reducing the EN-induced neoplastic and haematological alterations in the mice under laboratory conditions.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.198-201
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• 2023

Maintaining the patency of the external auditory canal (EAC) during reconstruction is important because of its physiological role in hearing and immunological protective functions. The curved shape of the EAC presents a challenge when performing a skin graft. One of the key points for a successful skin graft is to ensure compression on the wound bed, and many novel methods, including prefabricated ear molds, have been reported for this purpose. In this study, we present a case of a skin graft performed to reconstruct a skin defect following excision of actinic keratosis in the EAC, using the cover of an ear thermometer probe as a mold for the graft to match the curvature of the EAC. This is an economical and practical method for secure compression dressing of a skin graft in the EAC.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.352-359
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• 2003

Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavements are more durable and have superior surface friction compared to most dense-graded asphalt. However, data collected to date generally show PCC pavements to create more noise than asphaltic surfaces. Recent research has shown that some of the new concrete pavement textures are worthy of further examination. One of these, exposed aggregate surfaces, appear to provide better noise quality characteristics as well as good frictional characteristics and durability. In this paper, we considered the relationship between noise level and various textures of exposed aggregate concrete (EAC) pavement by tire impact noise measurement. As the results of that, it was suggested that optimum surface texture and manufacturing condition of EAC in order to reduce tire and pavement interaction noise. Conclusively, we would like to recommend optimum condition of EAC pavement at the respects of materials and treatment. Furthermore, Frequency spectrum as well as A-weighted noise level was also evaluated to analyze properties of noise between PCC and EAC.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.153-158
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• 2016

Light metal alloys of Mg, Ti, and Al undergo environmentally assisted cracking (EAC). Passive film breakdown and pitting are not only precursor events for stress corrosion, but can accelerate hydrogen evolution that is responsible for hydrogen embrittlement. This is clearly demonstrated in the case of Mg and Ti alloys. The so-called innocuous precipitates, which do not directly participate in either alloy strengthening or EAC can be effective precursors for initiating EAC. This aspect is highlighted using high strength aluminium alloys. Such behaviours lead to a paradigm shift in the design of alloys with resistance to EAC.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.227-232
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• 2010

해저케이블은 인류의 또 다른 해저이용으로 부터 고장의 위협을 받고 있다. 이러한 해저 이용 중에 우리나라에서 해저 광케이블 안전을 위협하는 요소로는 트롤어선의 전개판이나 안강망 어선의 앵커와 같은 조업도구인 경우가 대부분이다. 그리고 연안 구간의 양식어업으로 인하여 어장을 고정시키기 위한 나무말목, 쇠말목 설치, 대형선박의 통항에 따른 앵커의 낙하 충격 및 끌림 등이 해저케이블의 위해요소로 작용한다. 본 논문에서는 동아시아횡단(EAC, East Asia Crossing)해저케이블망에 대하여 8년간 발생된 고장을 바탕으로 원인분석을 통해 해저케이블 보호대책을 제시하고자 한다.

• Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.259-266
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• 2018

Objectives. Carcinomas of the external auditory canal (EAC) are rare, and management remains challenging. Previous studies seeking prognostic factors for EAC cancers included cancers other than carcinomas. In this study, we analyzed the treatment outcomes of, prognostic factors for, and survival rates associated with specifically squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the EAC. Methods. A retrospective review of 26 consecutive patients diagnosed with SCCs of the EAC in a 10-year period was performed in terms of clinical presentation, stage, choice of surgical procedure, and adjunct therapy. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were calculated and univariate analysis of prognostic factors was performed. Results. The median age of the 26 patients with SCCs of the EAC was 63 years (range, 40 to 72 years), and 16 males and 10 females were included. According to the modified University of Pittsburgh staging system, the T stages were T1 in 11, T2 in six, T3 in four, and T4 in five cases. The surgical procedures employed were wide excision in three cases, lateral temporal bone resection (LTBR) in 17, and extended LTBR in four, and subtotal temporal bone resection in two. Two patients underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and two underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. One patient received preoperative radiation therapy, and eleven received postoperative radiation therapy. Of the possibly prognostic factors examined, advanced preoperative T stage and advanced overall stage were significant predictors of RFS, but not of OS. Conclusion. The advanced T stage and overall stage were associated with decreased survival after surgical treatment in patients with SCC of the EAC, highlighting the importance of clinical vigilance and early detection.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.467-473
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• 2017

의료용 디지털 영상 및 통신 표준과 3차원 의료 영상 프로그램을 이용하여 외이도의 해부학적 특징들을 비교하였다. 실험은 연령과 성별이 다른 63귀의 영상을 이용하여 외이도의 횡축 길이, 내부 직경 둘레, 상하부 굴곡 각도를 측정한 후 비교하였다. 실험 결과 외이도 형태는 연령과 성별 뿐 만 아니라 동일인의 좌.우 에서도 다르게 나타났다. 성별 비교에서 남자 35귀, 여자 28귀에 대한 평균 길이는 남자가 4.75mm 길게 나타났다. 외이도 직경 둘레는 하부 굴곡 각도를 중심으로 내측이 외측 보다 평균 37.2% 감소된 형태로 나타났다. 상하부 굴곡 각도는 상부가 평균적으로 $25.7^{\circ}$ 높았으나 4귀에서 하부 각도가 높고, 연령이 낮은(4~14세) 8귀에서 상하부 굴곡 각도 차이가 크게 나타났다. 이는 성장하면서 외이도 굴곡 모양이 변화됨을 나타냈다. 본 연구는 기존 귀본 채취를 통한 간접 측정과 물리적 방법에 의한 직접 측정과 비교하여 안전성과 정밀성을 높일 수 있는 방법이다. 이는 3차원 의료 영상 표현 기술이 실제에 가깝게 표현할 수 있는 기술 향상 때문이며 더 발전하여 외이도 형태의 표준화 연구에도 활용될 수 있는 측정 방법이라 판단된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2775-2780
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• 2012

In recent years there has been a substantial increase in the use of functional foods for disease control. Fruits and vegetables produce phytochemicals such as flavonoids and antioxidants which can lower oxidative stress and reduce the risk of chronic ailments like cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant capacity and the possible protective effects of Amaranthus paniculatus leaves on the antioxidant defense system in Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC)-treated mice. Oral administration of the leaf extract at different doses caused a significant decrease in tumor volume, viable cell count and tumor weight and elevated the life span of EAC bearing mice. It also showed an improved antioxidant potential as evidenced by a significant increase in the cellular antioxidant defense system such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione and also significantly reduced the levels of TBARS. The levels of RBC, hemoglobin and lymphocyte count were altered in EAC bearing mice and were reverted back to near normal levels after the treatment with the leaf extracts. Their adequate content of total phenolics and flavonoids, DPPH scavenging activity which further suggests that the extracts exert a significant protection against oxidative stress conditions.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.426-435
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• 2007

The present study was designed to determine the antitumor and antioxidant properties of methanol extract from the root of Galega purpurea (Papilionaceae) (MEGP) against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) bearing Swiss albino mice. Acute and short-term toxicity studies were performed initially in order to ascertain the safety of MEGP. The effect of MEGP on the growth of transplantable murine tumor, life span of EAC bearing hosts and simultaneous alterations in the hematological profile and liver biochemical parameters (lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes) were estimated. The MEGP showed decrease in tumor volume, packed cell volume and viable cell count and increases the nonviable cell count and mean survival time thereby increasing life span of EAC tumor bearing mice. Hematological profile reverted to more or less normal levels in extract treated mice. Treatment with MEGP decreased the levels of lipid peroxidation and increased the levels of glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase. The results suggested that the methanol extract of Galega purpurea root exhibited antitumor effect by modulating lipid peroxidation and augmenting antioxidant defense system in EAC bearing mice.

• 생약학회지
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• 제36권4호통권143호
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• pp.338-343
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• 2005

Inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}\;(TNF-{\alpha}),\;interferon-{\gamma}\;(IFN-{\gamma})$ and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are thought to play major roles in joint diseases such as a rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and there is considerable evidence playing a role for these cytokines in osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, we have studied the effects on anti-inflammation and analgesic by ethyl acetate fraction from 70% ethanol extract of Artemisia capillaries (EAC). As a positive control, apigenin, which is known as an anti-inflammatory agent as an iNOS inhibitor, was used and showed the dose-dependent inhibitory effect. EAC showed strong inhibitory efficacy against cytokine-induced proteoglycan degradation, $PGE_2$ production, nitric oxide (NO) production, and matrix-matalloproteinases (MMPs) expression in rabbit articular chondrocyte. In the writhing test induced by acetic acid, EAC $(200{\sim}400\;mg/kg)$ exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of writhing. The results indicate that EAC have anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, and could be a good herbal medicine candidate for curing of RA and/or OA.