• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.32.1-32.11
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• 2023

Resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs, especially ethambutol (EMB), has been widely reported worldwide. EMB resistance is caused by mutations in the embB gene, which encodes the arabinosyl transferase enzyme. This study aimed to detect mutations in the embB gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Papua and to evaluate their impact on the effectiveness of EMB. We analyzed 20 samples of M. tuberculosis culture that had undergone whole-genome sequencing, of which 19 samples were of sufficient quality for further bioinformatics analysis. Mutation analysis was performed using TBProfiler, which identified M306L, M306V, D1024N, and E378A mutations. In sample TB035, the M306L mutation was present along with E378A. The binding affinity of EMB to arabinosyl transferase was calculated using AutoDock Vina. The molecular docking results revealed that all mutants demonstrated an increased binding affinity to EMB compared to the native protein (-0.948 kcal/mol). The presence of the M306L mutation, when coexisting with E378A, resulted in a slight increase in binding affinity compared to the M306L mutation alone. The molecular dynamics simulation results indicated that the M306L, M306L + E378A, M306V, and E378A mutants decreased protein stability. Conversely, the D1024N mutant exhibited stability comparable to the native protein. In conclusion, this study suggests that the M306L, M306L + E378A, M306V, and E378A mutations may contribute to EMB resistance, while the D1024N mutation may be consistent with continued susceptibility to EMB.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.99-115
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• 1981

著者는 한국산 八放珊瑚類의 계통분류학적 연구를 하기 위하여 1965년부터 1978susRK지 동해의 울릉도 (苧洞, 道洞, 沙洞)와 남해의 尾浦, 海金剛, 鴻島, 황천도, 濟州, 爲美里, 林島, 地歸島, 西歸浦, 鳥島, 門島, 虛島등 15개 지역으로부터 채집된 標本들을 同定分類한 결과 다음과 같은 全軸類에 속하는 3科 7屬 15種을 얻었다. 이들은 모두 韓國 未記錄種이었으며 다음과 같다. Anthoplexaura dimorpha, Euplexaura anastomosans, E. abietina, E. crassa, E. recta, Ellisella maculata, E. rubra, E. limbaughi, Verrucella umbraculum, V. stellata, Primnoa reseda pacifica, Callogorgia pseudoflabellum, Plumarella spinosa, P. rigida 및 P. adharens.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.1552-1558
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• 2020

With an increase in the consumption of non-heated fresh food, foodborne shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) has emerged as one of the most problematic pathogens worldwide. Endolysin, a bacteriophage-derived lysis protein, is able to lyse the target bacteria without any special resistance, and thus has been garnering interest as a powerful antimicrobial agent. In this study, rV5-like phage endolysin targeting E. coli O157:H7, named as LysECP26, was identified and purified. This endolysin had a lysozyme-like catalytic domain, but differed markedly from the sequence of lambda phage endolysin. LysECP26 exhibited strong activity with a broad lytic spectrum against various gram-negative strains (29/29) and was relatively stable at a broad temperature range (4℃-55℃). The optimum temperature and pH ranges of LysECP26 were identified at 37℃-42℃ and pH 7-8, respectively. NaCl supplementation did not affect the lytic activity. Although LysECP26 was limited in that it could not pass the outer membrane, E. coli O157: H7 could be effectively controlled by adding ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid (1.44 and 1.14 log CFU/ml) within 30 min. Therefore, LysECP26 may serve as an effective biocontrol agent for gram-negative pathogens, including E. coli O157:H7.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2012

The higher the building height and the larger the temperature difference between the outdoor and indoor space, the more remarkable is the draft driven by the stack effect in high-rise buildings. Moreover, the stack effect can bring about the deterioration of habitability and the degradation of the performance of the indoor control system in high-rise buildings. In this study, as a measure to attenuate the stack effect, the E/V shaft cooling method was proposed and its performance was compared with the conventional stack effect control method for strengthening the air-tightness of the building using a numerical simulation method. The total decreasing ratios on the stack effect in a building were compared, and the probabilities of the secondary problems were analyzed. The results show that the E/V shaft cooling is very effective to decrease the stack effect in a high-rise building in terms of the reduction performance and application. Moreover, this method does not cause secondary problems, such as stack pressure transition to other walls, unlike the conventional stack effect mitigation method.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.29-44
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• 1995

A model experiment on the pair midwater trawl net applicable to 800 PS class Korean pair bottom trawlers was carried out in the special-prepared experimental thank. the tank was prepared as a reverse trapezoid shape in its vertical section by digging out flat soil. The dimension of the tank showed the 9.6 W$\times$43.0 L(m) of the upper fringe and the 4.8 W$\times$38.0 L(m) of the bottom with 3.0m in depth. The depth of water was maintained 2.7m during experiment. The model net was prepared based on the Tauti's similarity law of fishing gear in 1/30 scale considering the dimension of the experimental tank. Mouth performance of the model net during towing were determined by the photographs taken in front of the net mouth with the combinations of towing velocity, warp length and distance between paired boats. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. Vertical opening of the model nets A and B was varied in the range of 0.18~0.88 m and 0.21~0.78 m (which can be converted into 5.4~26.4m and 6.3~23.4 m in the full-scale net) respectively, and was varied predominantly by towing speed. Vertical opening (H which is appendixed m for the model net. f for the full-scale net. A and B for the types of the model net) can be expressed as the function of towing velocity$V_t$as in the model net $V_t$ : m/ sec)$H_{mA}$=1.67$e^{-1.65V_t}$ $H_{mB}$=1.15$e^{-1.13V_t}$, in the full-scale net ($V_t$ : k't) $H_{fA}$=50.27$e^-0.37V_t$ $H_{fB}$=34.46$e^{-0.26Vt}$. 2. Horizontal opening of the model nets An and b was varied in the range of 1.03~1.54m and 1.04~1.55 m (which can be converted into 30.9~46.2 m and 31.2~46.5m in the full-scale net) respectively, and was varied predominantly by distance between paired boats. Horizontal opening (W, appendixes are as same as the former) an be expressed as the function of distance between paired boats $D_b$as in the model net $W_{mA}$=0.69+0.09$D_b$ $W{mB}$=0.73+0.09$D_b$, in the full-scale net $W_{fA}$=20.81+0.09$D_b$ $W_{fB}$=22.11+0.09$D_b$ 3. Net opening area of the model net A and B was varied in the range of 0.28~1.04 $m^2$ and 0.33~0.94$m^2$(which can be converted into 252~936$m^2$ and 297~846$m^2$ in the full-scale net) respectively, and was varied predominantly by towing velocity. Net opening area ($S$, appendixes are as same as the former) van be expressed as the function of towing velocity$V_t$ as in the model net $v_t$ : m/sec) $S_{Ma}$=2.01$e^{-1.54V_T}$ $S_{mA}$=1.40$e^{-1.65V_t}$, in the full-scale net ($V_t$ : k't) $S_{fA}$=1.807$e^-0.35V_t$ $S_{fA}$=1.265$e^{-0.24V_t}$. 4. Filtering volume of the model nets A and B was varied in the range of 0.32~0.55 $m^3$ and 0.37~0.55$m^3$(which can be converted into 8.640~14.850 $m^3$ and 9.990~14.850$m3$in the full~scale net) respectively, and was predominantly varied by towing speed. filtering volume of the model net-A showed the maximum at the towing speed 0.69 m/sec(3 k't in the full-scale net), compared with that of the model net B showed at 0.92 m/sec(4 k't in the full-scale net).

• BMB Reports
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.397-402
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• 2019

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) uses the spike (S) glycoprotein to recognize and enter target cells. In this study, we selected two epitope peptide sequences within the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the MERS-CoV S protein. We used a complex consisting of the epitope peptide of the MERS-CoV S protein and CpG-DNA encapsulated in liposome complex to immunize mice, and produced the monoclonal antibodies 506-2G10G5 and 492-1G10E4E2. The western blotting data showed that both monoclonal antibodies detected the S protein and immunoprecipitated the native form of the S protein. Indirect immunofluorescence and confocal analysis suggested strong reactivity of the antibodies towards the S protein of MERS-CoV virus infected Vero cells. Furthermore, the 506-2G10G5 monoclonal antibody significantly reduced plaque formation in MERS-CoV infected Vero cells compared to normal mouse IgG and 492-1G10E4E2. Thus, we successfully produced a monoclonal antibody directed against the RBD domain of the S protein which could be used in the development of diagnostics and therapeutic applications in the future.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2003

Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulse(이하 SCMC)와 $BaSO_4$의 특성분석을 통하여, 소장조영 검사에 효과적인 조영제의 W/V% 농도와 점도를 알아보고자 하였으며 이를 통한 소장질환의 미세한 병변 진단에 대한 효율성을 높이고자 실험하였다. 그 결과 100 KVp 고압촬영 방식에서 살펴 볼 때, 높은 투과율로 검사의 효율성이 증대되었다. 압박 촬영과 이중조영 촬영을 시행함에 있어, High Density바륨 사용으로 인한 광학 농도의 차이를 극복함으로서 High Contrast 영상을 얻을 수 있다. CMC-Na의 평균농도 0.625 W/V%으로 선예한 이미지를 얻을 수 있었으며, 적정한 점막 코팅과 검사시간도 단축시킬 수 있다. 결론적으로, F그룹 방식의 CMC-Na을 혼합한 황산바륨 조영제를 조제하여 사용해본 결과, 경구소장조영 검사에 대한 모든 조건에 만족할 만한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.805-808
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 220 V의 AC 전원을 공급받아 13.56 MHz의 RF 신호를 출력하는 고효율, 고출력 Class E 전력송신기를 설계하였다. 송신기는 AC-DC 변환기와 class E 전력 증폭기로 구성된다. 설계된 AC-DC 변환기는 220V/60 Hz의 가정용 전원을 공급 받아서 약 290 V의 DC 전압을 출력한다. 이때, AC-DC 변환기는 98.03 %의 매우 높은 변환 효율을 가진다. 변환 효율을 최대로 하기 위하여 별도의 DC-DC 변환기를 사용하지 않고, AC-DC 변환기의 출력 전압을 주 전력 증폭기의 드레인 바이어스 전압으로 사용하였다. 또한, class E 전력 증폭기의 전력손실을 최소화하기 위해 high-Q 인덕터를 제작하였다. 측정 결과, 13.56 MHz에서 동작하는 class E 전력 증폭기는 최대 출력 전력 323.6 Watt에서 84.2 %의 PAE(Power-Added Efficiency)를 가진다. AC-DC 변환기를 포함한 class E 전력 송신기는 323.6 Watt에서 82.87 %의 매우 높은 효율 특성을 나타낸다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.202-206
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• 2014

$V_2O_5$ 박막에서의 PL 특성을 조사하기 위해 RF 스퍼터링법을 이용하여 비정질과 결정질 $V_2O_5$ 박막을 제작하였고, 10~300 K의 온도까지 PL 스펙트럼을 측정하였다. 상온에서 성장된 비정질 박막에서는 ~505 nm를 중심으로 하는 하나의 PL 피크만이 관찰되었고, 결정질 $V_2O_5$ 박막에서는 505 nm를 중심으로 하는 피크와 산소결함에 의한 것으로 알려진 ~695 nm를 중심으로 하는 피크가 관찰되었다. 비정질과 결정질 $V_2O_5$ 박막에서 관찰되는 505 nm에서의 PL 피크의 위치는 온도에 강한 의존성을 보였고, 그 값은 300 K에서 2.45 eV였고, 10 K에서 2.35 eV였다. 505 nm에서의 PL은 $V_2O_5$에서의 밴드 에너지 전이에 의한 것이었으며, 또한 온도의 감소에 따른 피크 위치 에너지의 감소는 전자-포논 상호작용의 감소에 의한 격자팽창효과의 감소 때문이었다.

• 공업화학
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2011

2,3-Dimethyl-5,8-dithiophen-2-yl-quinoxaline을 기본 골격으로 한 poly[2,3-dimethyl-5,8-dithiophene-2-yl-quinoxaline-alt-9,9-dihexyl-9H-fluorene] (PFTQT)과 poly[2,3-dimethyl-5,8-dithiophene-2-yl-quinoxaline-alt-10-hexyl-10H-phenothiazine] (PPTTQT)을 Suzuki coupling법을 이용하여 중합 하였다. 합성된 고분자들은 chloroform, chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, tetrahydrofuran (THF), toluene과 같은 유기용매에 대한 용해도가 우수하였고, PFTQT의 최대흡수파장과 밴드 갭은 각각 440 nm와 2.30 eV이고, PPTTQT의 경우는 각각 445 nm와 2.23 eV이었다. PFTQT의 HOMO 및 LUMO 에너지준위는 -6.05와 -3.75 eV이고, PPTTQT의 경우는 각각 -5.89와 -3.66 eV이었다. 합성된 고분자들과 전자 받개 물질인 (6)-1-(3-(methoxycarbonyl)-{5}-1-phenyl[5,6]-fullerene (PCBM)을 1 : 2의 중량비로 블렌딩하여 제작한 태양전지의 효율은 AM (air mass) 1.5 G, 1 sun 조건($100mA/cm^2$)에서 PFTQT는 0.24%, PPTTQT의 경우는 0.16%로 측정되었다. 그리고 소자의 단락전류 밀도($J_{sc}$), FF (fill factor)와 개방전압($V_{oc}$)은 PFTQT의 경우 각각 $0.97mA/cm^2$, 29%, 0.86 V이며, PPTTQT의 경우 각각 $0.80mA/cm^2$, 28%, 0.71 V이었다.