• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2000

This study attempts to represent schemes to cope with the challenge of internet-based e-commerce. There are unexpectable changes in the international Logistics industry. First, Bolero project is introduced to exchange trade documents and data via the internet. It acts as a neutral third party to ensure secure delivery and receipt of information and provides a legal framework. Secondly a number of leading International logistics companies and constituent members have made an effort to establish the portal site to connect the constituent members concerning by the same cyber environment. This study reviews the current status on this trend and points out a number of issues originated from the trend and represents the way of globalization in the international logistics industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.2 no.1 s.1
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• pp.75-85
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• 2004

Since, N-Generation equipped with internet seek for more reasonable consumption, they are seeking positive toward the latest vogue and having strong desires for better consumption. In such, the makeup industry produces makeup products specially made for the N-Generation. The products not only directly reflect the skin features of the N-Generation but also form different. Therefore, the purpose of this study tries to find out the distinctive consumption of the N-Generation that rises as the new consumer group of the new millennium in the makeup industry and their purchase behaviors. The investigation was done on 200 females aging from 13 to 23. Investigation method was done face-to-face interview conducted from Dec. 1st to Dec. 8th, 2003 for a week. Through the study, it can be seen that the network generation is interested in e-commerce and such trend show the possibility of makeup market in the e-commerce. Also, it is suggested that the study can be used as useful data when establishing marketing strategies in the relevant industry. The result where the N-generation demands for distinctive products just for them can be used as an alternative plan of market division policy.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.4 no.10
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• pp.751-760
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• 2003

One of the business in the future will be executed by Business to Business(B to B) model of E-Commerce. The concept of the B to B model composes the work process, people, and supporting environment. The work processes are related to the information process, technologies, and standards. Information process elements contains digital data exchange, data sharing, and collaboration. This paper designed and implemented the XML-based Business Flow Management System(BFMS) for B to B model of E-commerce in the Internet. BFMS in this paper automatically performs the information process for B to B model such as electronic bidding system including purchase order management, bidding management, delivery management to build E-Commerce in the Internet. XML can be used as document standard between business for skating and exchange of data and also provide platform independent environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean DIstribution Association Conference
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• 2001.11b
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• pp.91-122
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• 2001

This paper's object is to study the Advanced Foreign's Third Party Logistics Trend & View at Global Logistics Times. So, I analysed the Advanced Foreign U.S. & EU and the results are as follows: First, a growth in the number of outsourcing relationships has contributed to the development of more flexible organizations, based on core competencies and mutually beneficial longer-term relationships. So, the development of logistics relationships has brought mixed results. Across many industries, logistics outsourcing is a rapidly expanding source of cost savings, competitive advantage, and customer service improvements. Thus, it appears that Third Party Logistics(TPL) concepts could be useful in meeting the goals of the 1ogistics function. Second, the field of logistics and supply chain management is becoming strategically important. At the same time, it is becoming increasingly complex because of the rapid advances in management methods, e-commerce, technology, and enabling information systems. However, Third Party Logistics provider, many a times, lack broad set of skills, integrating technologies, strategies and global reach. So, Fourth Party Logistics(4PL) is the next significant evolution in supply chain outsourcing. 4PL delivers a comprehensive supply chain solution, and delivers value through the ability to impact the entire supply chain. The 4PL industry is likely to grow as more companies use e-commerce at Global Logistics Times.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.89-97
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• 2022

The e-commerce market faces significant credit risks due to the complexity of the industry and information asymmetries. Therefore, credit risk has started to stymie the growth of e-commerce. However, there is no reliable system for evaluating the creditworthiness of e-commerce companies. Therefore, this paper constructs a credit risk evaluation index system that comprehensively considers the online and offline behavior of online retail enterprises, including 15 indicators that reflect online credit risk and 15 indicators that reflect offline credit risk. This paper establishes an integration method based on a fuzzy integral support vector machine, which takes the factor analysis results of the credit risk evaluation index system of online retail enterprises as the input and the credit risk evaluation results of online retail enterprises as the output. The classification results of each sub-classifier and the importance of each sub-classifier decision to the final decision have been taken into account in this method. Select the sample data of 1500 online retail loan customers from a bank to test the model. The empirical results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms a single SVM and traditional SVMs aggregation technique via majority voting in terms of classification accuracy, which provides a basis for banks to establish a reliable evaluation system.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.69
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• pp.371-388
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• 2016

International air transport for cargo services is a facilitator for various trade sectors and, by itself, an important service industry. Although international air cargo industry is expected to grow continuously, industry stakeholders complain about legal constraints in the industry and demand more liberalized regime. From its birth at the beginning of the 20th century, the airline industry was tightly regulated by governments with a strong tradition of protectionism. In the past few decades, however, protectionism in the airline industry has steadily declined. Indeed, the airline industry is largely in the process of liberalization. Interestingly, it has been easier to liberalize air cargo service than passenger service. Indeed, states have traditionally shown far more willingness to provide market access for foreign carriers carrying cargo than passengers. Given the impact of air cargo service in a state's wider economy and own characteristics of cargo services (i.e. air cargo traffic is inherently one-way, unlike passenger traffic, which tends to involve round trips), more liberalized approach is necessary for air cargo services. Among three approaches: bilateral, regional (block-based) and multilateral, it is desirable to adopt a multilateral treaty (a new multilateral all-cargo agreement) so as to harmonize and simplify complicated trade regulations on air cargo services.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.464-486
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• 2008

Purpose. Electronic intermediaries (e-intermediaries) are gaining significance in international marketing with the rapid development of e-commerce. The goal of this study is to explain empirically what leads to a higher use of this relatively new exportation alternative. Relying on a resource-based view as our research foundation, we focus on information technology (IT) and non-IT factors as possible determinants. Further, this study brings arguments offered by transaction cost theorists to explain the other non-IT determinants. Methodology/Approach. Data are collected from small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the electronic industry in Korea and the U.S to ensure generalizability. Ordinary least square (OLS) regression is utilized to analyze the data. Findings. This study raises new issues regarding a relatively new type of exporting channel, e-intermediary. Exporting is regarded as the most appropriate strategy for SMEs in international commerce. A number of SMEs stay away from exporting due to limited resources or lack of knowledge regarding foreign markets. The findings in this study should help SMEs use e-intermediaries more widely by developing appropriate IT-related resources (IT-related human and relationship assets) and dealing with non-IT factors (international competence, environmental uncertainty, and duration of relationship) effectively. Originality/Value/Contribution. This study illustrates the significant role of e-intermediaries, which may help SMEs to penetrate the global market effectively. Finding relevant sources in the global e-marketplace is a challenge for non-experienced users like SMEs. This study proposes e-intermediaries as an effective alternative for them. Another contribution of this study is to show how the use of indirect exporting channels, e-intermediaries, decrease costs in exporting transactions. This study suggests an e-intermediary as a hybrid exporting channel to balance risk and profit.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 2002.02a
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• pp.133-149
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• 2002

This study aims to investigate the impact of wide use of digital technology, in particular, the Internet, on innovation process and corporate strategy in electronics industry. The introduction of digital technology has changed innovation process, business model and organizational structure of the electronics companies. With the introduction of digital technology, the entire value chain of electronics industry from procurement, sales, and marketing to R&D and manufacturing has been restructured. E-commerce has been a major agenda for e-business. Recently, collaboration among electronics companies through e-marketplace has emerged as an important issue. A web-based e-commerce standard, so called RosettaNet, has been developed for facilitating e-transactions of electronics firms. The development of digital technology has dramatically increased the processing speed and sophisticated the virtual reality technology. As simulation becomes easier and more effective, the uncertainty and risk involved in R&D has decreased significantly. Another positive impact is closer cooperation between R&D and manufacturing functions. Taking advantage of automated and flexible production technology, has a new type of firm, so called, EMS (Electronics Manufacturing Services) emerged, whose strategic focus is on manufacturing only. The EMS can be seen as a kind of innovative organization, that is, a modular organization for production function. Digital technology has made convergence of computer and communication possible at early years but right now the convergence has been accelerated in extensive areas of communication, broadcasting, information appliances, software, contents, and services. Firms' effort for an innovative product and service has been intensified and the competition for a new standard product and service has become severe in electronics industry. Business activities are always realized in a specific organizational context. Accordingly building up innovation-friendly organization has emerged as a critical concern. Due to the striking decrease of transaction cost, a network type of organization has proliferated, and a business function turns into a modular organization. As a whole, digital technology has pushed electronics firms into developing their own business model, which takes consideration of standardization of business platform and their core competency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.335-340
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• 2002

FIDIC $(F\acute{e}d\acute{e}ration Internationale des Ing\acute{e}nieurs-Conseils)$ is the worldwide federation of consulting engineering member associations dedicated to developing relationships between the consulting engineering profession and governments, funding agencies, banks, industry, commerce, contractors, suppliers and other construction industry professions. Today FIDIC membership numbers nearly 70 member associations from all parts of the globe. The members of each national association comply with FIDIC's code of ethics which calls for impartial advice, competence and fair competition. FIDIC acts as a forum for the exchange of views and information and actively encourages the discussion of matters of mutual concern among member associations. FIDIC prepared regulations concerning tenders, it is a method of choice of investment contractor, which serves to optimum of utilization of investment funds. FIDIC procedure is the most often used in international tenders.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.2359-2364
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• 2011

E-commerce is a kind of trade type between buyers and sellers rely on computer networks. Carried out according to certain standards of various business activities. e-commerce is based on modern information technology and network technology, financial electronic collection, management, information technology, business and trade information networks into one, aimed at logistics, capital flow and information flow of harmony and unity of the new trade, trade activities of the entire process, electronic, networking and digital. E-commerce has brought to the traditional ways of trading a huge impact, led to changes in economic structures, is a business revolution in the way and is recognized internationally as the 21st century is an important driver of economic development compared to current traditional companies. In this material, we first consider the current problem, analyze particular characteristics of clothing shopping mall to increase the purchasing power of customer. For these reasons, we describe the process for building the clothing site.