• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.22-31
• /
• 2009

Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of closed kinetic chain exercise and open kinetic chain exercise in improving the balance of patients with hemiplegia. Methods Ten patients with stroke were randomly allocated to either a closed kinetic chain exercise (CKC) group(n=5) or an open kinetic chain exercise(OKC) group(n=5). The subjects of each group followed the exercise regimen of their respective groups, and each exercise was performed for 50 mins per day, 3 days per week, for 4 weeks. Assessment was made using Berg Balance Scale (BBS), One Leg Standing(OLS) test, and Timed up and go(TUG) test. The 2 groups were assessed twice: before and after the intervention. Results The TUG test score was significantly different in the CKC group between before and after intervention (p<.05); however, there was no such deference in the OKC group (p>.05). Further, the scores of the BBS and OLS tests were not significantly different for the 2 groups between before and after intervention (p>.05). The hanges in these BBS and OLS score were not significantly different(p>.05); however, there was a significant difference in the change in the TUG scores (p<.05). Conclusion On the basis of the results of this study, we found that the closed kinetic chain exercise is more effective in improving the walking ability and dynamic balance in patients with stroke. Future studies are warranted in this regard.

• 국제물리치료학회지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.2126-2134
• /
• 2020

Background: Therapeutic climbing training, which originated in Germany, is a wall-hanging rock climbing-based therapy to increase the body's coordination through movement of the upper and lower limbs against gravity. However, there are no studies examining the effectiveness of therapeutic climbing training to treat balance and gait ability in patients with chronic stroke. Objectives: To investigate therapeutic climbing training program on balance and gait in patients with chronic stroke. Design: Pretest-posttest control group design. Methods: Fourteen patients with chronic hemiplegic stroke participated. Participants were randomized into the therapeutic climbing training group (TCTG, n=7) and the standard rehabilitation program group (SRPG, n=7) group. All subjects participated in the same standard rehabilitation program consisting of 60 minutes 5 times a week for 6 weeks. TCTG participated additionally in the therapeutic climbing program consisting of 30 minutes sessions 3 times a week for the same 6 weeks. Berg balance scale (BBS), Gaitview Measure, Timed up and go test (TUG) were measured. Results: In the TCTG, revealed a statistical difference in BBS between the groups; in the difference of plantar pressure ratio in the static standing position revealed a statistical difference between the groups after training; the balance ability in the one-leg standing tests increased significantly; the time in TUG decreased significantly after training in both groups; The changes in the difference of dynamic plantar pressure ratio were reduced significantly in the TCTG. Conclusion: Therapeutic climbing training contribute to improve balance and walking function in patients with chronic stroke.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.293-300
• /
• 2016

The Voice recognition is one of convenient methods to communicate between human and robots. This study proposes a speech recognition method using speech recognizers based on Hidden Markov Model (HMM) with a combination of techniques to enhance a biped robot control. In the past, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Dynamic Time Wrapping (DTW) were used, however, currently they are less commonly applied to speech recognition systems. This Research confirms that the HMM, an accepted high-performance technique, can be successfully employed to model speech signals. High recognition accuracy can be obtained by using HMMs. Apart from speech modeling techniques, multiple feature extraction methods have been studied to find speech stresses caused by emotions and the environment to improve speech recognition rates. The procedure consisted of 2 parts: one is recognizing robot commands using multiple HMM recognizers, and the other is sending recognized commands to control a robot. In this paper, a practical voice recognition system which can recognize a lot of task commands is proposed. The proposed system consists of a general purpose microprocessor and a useful voice recognition processor which can recognize a limited number of voice patterns. By simulation and experiment, it was illustrated the reliability of voice recognition rates for application of the manufacturing process.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.339-351
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This study identified the effects of dual-task gait training on balance, gait function, and activity of daily living in patients with Parkinson's disease. Methods: This study used a single-subject design. Two patients with Parkinson's disease participated in this study. Dual-task gait training was performed 1 hour per day 8 times during intervention phase. The subjects were measured 8 times in the baseline phase, 8 times in the intervention phase, and 8 times in the follow-up phase. The outcome measurements included a timed up and go test (TUG), a Berg balance scale (BBS), a 10 meter walk test (10MWT), a 6 minute walk test (6MWT), a dynamic gait index (DGI) and a Korean modified Barthel index (K-MBI). Results: When compared to the average of the baseline process, the data collected during the intervention period showed that the TUG and 10MWT results improved and the tendency line was above the baseline. In addition, BBS, 6MWT, DGI, and K-MBI values for both patients increased remarkably after the training. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that dual-task gait training may be helpful to improve balance, walking function, and activity of daily living for patients with Parkinson's disease. Further studies need to confirm our findings.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.10-17
• /
• 2020

Objective: Hallux valgus (HV) is a common musculoskeletal deformity that is accompanied with pain and continues to decrease one's quality of life and ability to perform daily life activities by affecting gait and static stability. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of the angle of HV (HVA) and to compare the one-legged stance and gait parameters in young adults with less HV and severe HV. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Forty young adults were divided into two groups, where HVA ≥15° (n=20) was defined as HV, and HVA <15° (n=20) was defined as normal. For balance ability, the center of pressure (COP) path, velocity, length of axis of the COP path, deviation of the x-axis and y-axis, and percentage of foot pressure were measured, and gait, the foot rotation angle, step length, percentage of each phase of the gait cycle, time change from the heel to forefoot, and maximum pressure of the forefoot and midfoot were measured. Results: Significant differences were found in sway length and time change from heel to forefoot during walking between the normal and HV groups (p<0.05). Most parameters were not associated with the HVA, but parameters such as length of axis and time to change from heel to forefoot were significantly associated with the HVA (p<0.05). Conclusions: These results suggest that most one-legged stance and gait parameters were not significantly affected by the HVA in young adults; therefore, future studies are needed in order to address other dynamic parameters and other methods of gait analysis for detecting clinically meaningful conditions.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.201-211
• /
• 2014

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the inter-rater absolute reliability and the concurrent validity of the Tinetti-gait scale that was translated into Korean for chronic stroke patients. METHODS: Fifty-two patients with post-stroke participated in this study. Inter-rater reliability was analyzed by Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ($ICC_{3,1}$) and Kappa coefficient, and absolute reliability was analyzed by the Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), and the Minimal Detectable Change (MDC). Concurrent validity was analyzed by correlating between the Tinetti-gait scale and physical functions. The physical functions were measured by using the Dynamic Gait Index(DGI), 10m walking test(10WT), One Leg Standing Test of affected/non-affected side(OLST), Sit to Stand test(STS), (Fugl Meyer assessment of Lower Extremity(FM-LE). RESULTS: The inter-rater reliability of the Tinetti-gait scale was high; $ICC_{(3,1)}=.91$ (95% CI=.85~.95) (very reliable), the range of Kappa coefficient were .73~.92 (substantial~good). The inter-rater agreement of the each item in Tinetti-gait scale ranged from .74 to .92 (95 % CI=.59~.95) (reliable~very reliable). The SEM and MDC were .56 and 1.55, respectively. In the results of concurrent validity, there were moderate positive correlation between Tinetti-gait scale and DGI (r=.78), 10WT (r=.74), OLST (r=.65~.73), FM-LE (r=67). And there was moderate negative correlation between Tinetti-gait scale and STS (r=-79) (p<.01). CONCLUSION: The Tinetti-gait scale(Korean version) was a reliable and valid tool to measure gait ability in patients with chronic stroke. Thus, it could be a useful tool for examining a gait ability of post-stroke patients. Further study should be conducted to investigate the usability to predict fall risk of post-stroke patients of the Tinetti-gait scale.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2021

Gait kinematics and kinetics have a similar tendency between men and women, yet it remains unclear how walking while carrying a load affects the gait mechanism. Twenty adults walked with preferred velocity on level ground of 20 m relative to change of a load carriage (no load, 15%, 30% of the body weights) aimed to observe gait mechanism. We measured gait posture using the three-dimensional image analysis and ground reaction force system during stance phase on left foot. In main effect of gender difference, men showed increased displacement of center of gravity (COG) compared to women, and it showed more extended joint angle of hip and knee in sagittal plane. In main effect of a load difference, knee joint showed more flexed postuel relative to increase of load carriage. In main effect of load difference on the kinetic variables, medial-lateral force, anterior-posterior force (1st breaking, 2nd propulsive), vertical force, center of pressure (COP) area, leg stiffness, and whole body stiffness showed more increased values relative to increase of load carriage. Also, men showed more increased COP area compared to women. Interaction showed in the 1st anterior-posterior force, and as a result of one-way variance analysis, it was found that a load main effect had a greater influence on the increase in the magnitude of the braking force than the gender. The data in this study explains that women require little kinematic alteration compared to men, while men in more stiff posture accommodate an added load compared to women during gait. Additionally, it suggests that dynamic stability is maintained by adopting different gait strategies relative to gender and load difference.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제65권3호
• /
• pp.142-149
• /
• 2022

Background: Individuals with Down syndrome present with several impairments such as hypotonia, ligament laxity, decreased muscle strength, insufficient muscular cocontraction, inadequate postural control, and disturbed proprioception. These factors are responsible for the developmental challenges faced by children with Down syndrome. These individuals also present with balance dysfunctions. Purpose: This systematic review aims to describe the motor dysfunction and balance impairments in children and adolescents with Down syndrome. Methods: We searched the Scopus, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, Wiley, and EBSCO databases for observational studies evaluating the motor abilities and balance performance in individuals with Down syndrome. The review was registered on PROSPERO. Results: A total of 1,096 articles were retrieved; after careful screening and scrutinizing against the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 articles were included in the review. Overall, the children and adolescents with Down syndrome showed delays and dysfunction in performing various activities such as sitting, pulling to stand, standing, and walking. They also presented with compensatory mechanisms to maintain their equilibrium in static and dynamic activities. Conclusion: The motor development of children with Down syndrome is significantly delayed due to structural differences in the brain. These individuals have inefficient compensatory strategies like increasing step width, increasing frequency of mediolateral center of pressure displacement, decreasing anteroposterior displacement, increasing trunk stiffness, and increasing posterior trunk displacement to maintain equilibrium. Down syndrome presents with interindividual variations; therefore, a thorough evaluation is required before a structured intervention is developed to improve motor and balance dysfunction.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.315-328
• /
• 2024

연구목적: 본 논문은 CCTV에서 확인하기 어려운 도심 생활안전 이상상황을 감지하기 위해 다종 복합 센서 정보를 활용한 서비스 구축방안을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 연구방법:본 연구는 실제 테스트베드 데이터를 기반으로 서비스 시나리오를 선정하고, 주요 수요처인 지자체 스마트도시통합운영센터 운영자를 대상으로 서비스 중요도 분석을 수행하였다. 연구결과:서비스 시나리오는 크게 주야간 동적 객체 감지, 급격한 객체의 온도변화 감지, 시계열적 객체의 상대 온도변화 감지 유형으로 도출되었다. AHP 분석 결과, 사람, 차량 등 동적객체로 인한 보행, 모빌리티 충돌 위험상황 서비스와 즉각적인 대형 재난으로 이어지는 화재 전조현상 감지 서비스의 중요도가 높게 나타났다. 결론:본 연구는 테스트베드 실데이터 기반으로 지자체에서 활용 가능한 이상감지 서비스 구축방안을 제시한 의의가 있다. 이를 통해 지자체의 서비스 도입 의사결정을 지원하는 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.17-28
• /
• 2024

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of gluteal muscle strengthening exercises (GMSE) with ankle joint pumping exercises (AJPE) on thigh swelling, gait ability, and pain level in patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty. METHODS: A total of 38 patients who had undergone total hip replacement surgery >1 week prior participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to a group that performed only GMSE (CG; n = 19) and a group that performed GMSE and AJPE (EG; n = 19). The CG group performed GMSE for 30 min, and the EG group performed GMSE for 30 min followed by AJPE for 15 min. Exercises were performed five times a week, for a total of 20 times over 4 weeks in both groups. Thigh swelling (thigh size), 10 m walking test (10MWT) and timed up and go test (TUG) results, pain level (visual analogue scale, VAS) scores, Short Form 36 health survey (SF-36), and hip outcome scale (HOS) scores were evaluated before and after the intervention. RESULTS: After 4 weeks of intervention, significant differences were observed in the thigh size, 10MWT, TUG, VAS, SF-36, HOS before and after intervention in both groups (p < . 05). However, only thigh size showed a significant interaction between group and measurement time (p < . 05). CONCLUSION: GMSE combined with AJPE might be effective in improving the gait ability and pain level in patients with total hip arthroplasty, and GMSE may be more effective in improving thigh swelling and gait ability than GMSE without AJPE.