• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.415-424
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• 1997

Conformational flexibilities of the GlcNAc(β1,3)Gal(β)OMe are investigated through NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling. Adiabatic energy map generated with a dielectric constant of 50 contains three local minima. All of the molecular dynamics simulations on three local minimum energy structures show fluctuations between two low energy structures, N2 at φ=80° and ψ=60° and N3 at φ=60° and ψ=-40°. We have presented adequate evidences to state that GlcNAc(β1,3)Gal(β)OMe exists in two conformationally discrete forms. Two state model of N2 and N3 conformers with a population ratio of 40:60 is used to calculate the effective cross relaxation rate and reproduces the experimental NOEs very well. Molecular dynamics simulation in conjunction with two state model proves successfully the dynamic equilibrium existed in GlcNAc(β1,3)Gal(β)OMe and can be considered as a powerful method to analyze the motional properties in the structure of carbohydrate. This observation also cautions against the indiscriminate use of a rigid model to analyze NMR data.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.429-438
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 스트라치 시스템의 긴장설치과정 및 극한하중 해석을 수행하기 위한 명시적 해석법을 제안하였다. 스트라치 시스템은 Stressed-Arch에서 유래한 용어로 슬리브와 갭이 도입된 유동하현재 내부의 긴장재에 초기장력을 도입함으로써 갭이 점차 닫히게 되며, 이에 따라 상현재에 곡률이 도입되면서 전체 구조물이 상승하여, 최종적인 아치형태의 구조물을 형성하는 독창적인 구조시스템이다. 스트라치 시스템의 초기장력 도입과정을 긴장설치(stress-erection) 과정이라 하며, 초기곡률의 도입에 따라 유동 상현재에는 과도한 초기변형이 발생하여 소성거동에 의한 강체회전이 발생하는 불안정 구조물이 된다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 스트라치 시스템의 불안정 거동특성을 해석하기 위해서 강성행렬을 사용하지 않는 명시적 동적이완법을 사용하여 비선형 평형방정식의 해를 구하였고, 대변위 및 단면의 재료적 특성을 반영할 수 있는 필라맨트 보요소를 사용하여 연속된 상현재의 비선형 거동특성을 분석하였다. 필라맨트 보요소의 단면은 다수의 1차원 필라맨트로 구성되며, 각각의 필라맨트에 대해서 다양한 재료모델을 적용할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 비선형 재료모델인 Ramberg-Osgood모델 및 Bi-linear 탄소성 모델을 적용하여 긴장설치 및 극한하중 해석을 수행하였고, 그 결과를 이전의 실험적 연구결과와 비교 분석하였다. 본 연구의 해석결과는 이전의 실험적 연구결과와 유사하였으며, 명시적 해석법의 특성상 효율적으로 후좌굴거동 특성까지 해석할 수 있었다.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.151-163
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• 2021

The main target of this study is to investigate nonlinear transient responses of moving polymer nano-size plates fortified by means of Graphene Platelets (GPLs) and resting on a Winkler-Pasternak foundation under a transverse pressure force and a temperature variation. Two graphene spreading forms dispersed through the plate thickness are studied, and the Halpin-Tsai micro-mechanics model is used to obtain the effective Young's modulus. Furthermore, the rule of mixture is employed to calculate the effective mass density and Poisson's ratio. In accordance with the first order shear deformation and von Karman theory for nonlinear systems, the kinematic equations are derived, and then nonlocal strain gradient scheme is used to reflect the effects of nonlocal and strain gradient parameters on small-size objects. Afterwards, a combined approach, kinetic dynamic relaxation method accompanied by Newmark technique, is hired for solving the time-varying equation sets, and Fortran program is developed to generate the numerical results. The accuracy of the current model is verified by comparative studies with available results in the literature. Finally, a parametric study is carried out to explore the effects of GPL's weight fractions and dispersion patterns, edge conditions, softening and hardening factors, the temperature change, the velocity of moving nanoplate and elastic foundation stiffness on the dynamic response of the structure. The result illustrates that the effects of nonlocality and strain gradient parameters are more remarkable in the higher magnitudes of the nanoplate speed.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.1270-1275
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• 1997

This paper concerns with the finite element analysis of reactor internals with structural faults. For investigating the influence of hold-down spring faults on dynamic characteristics of CSB (core support barrel), reactor internals of Ulchin-1 nuclear power plant are modeled using finite element method and simulated with artificial defects on the hold-down springs. To prove the validity of the finite element models, the calculated natural frequencies of CSB in normal state are compared with those from the measurement results, which shows good agreement. According to results of finite element analysis, CSB beam mode natural frequency decreases by 4.5% in the case of 10% partial relaxation of hold-down springs, and decreases by 18.4% in the case of 20%. The range of shell mode natural frequency change is within 5.3%.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.201-210
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• 2006

This article presents a brief overview of an important area of neutron scattering: the general principles and techniques of elastic, quasielastic and inelastic scattering from a system composed predominately of incoherent scatterers. The methodology is then applied to the study of water, specifically when it is confined in nanometer-scale environments. The confined water exhibits uniquely anomalous properties in the supercooled state. It also nourishes biological functions, and supports essential chemical reactions in living systems. We focus on recent investigations of water encapsulated in nanoporous silica and carbon nanotubes, hydrated water in proteins and water or hydroxyl species incorporated in nanostructured minerals. Through these scientific examples, we demonstrate the advantages derived from the high sensitivity of incoherent neutron spectroscopy to hydrogen atom motions and hydrogen-bond dynamics, aided by rigorous data interpretation method using molecular dynamics simulations or theoretical modelling. This enables us to probe the inter-/intramolecular vibrations and relaxation/diffusion processes of water molecules in a complex environment.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.211-223
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• 2017

This research presented a numerical and experimental study on the seismic performance of first-generation base-isolated and fixed-base nuclear power plants (NPP). Three types of the base isolation system were applied to rehabilitate the first-generation nuclear power plants: frictional pendulum (FP), high-damping rubber (HDR) and lead-rubber (LR) base isolation. Also, an Excel program was proposed for the design of the abovementioned base isolators in accordance with UBC 97 and the Japan Society of Base Isolation Regulation. The seismic assessment was performed using the pushover and nonlinear time history analysis methods in accordance with the FEMA 356 regulation. To validate the adequacy of the proposed design procedure, two small-scale NPPs were constructed at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia's structural laboratory and subjected to a pushover test for two different base conditions, fixed and HDR-isolated base. The results showed that base-isolated structures achieved adequate seismic performance compared with the fixed-base one, and all three isolators led to a significant reduction in the containment's tension, overturning moment and base shear.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1996년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.711-713
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• 1996

This paper proposes a unit commitment scheduling method based on Genetic Algorithm(GA). Due to a variety of constraints to be satisfied, the search space of the UC problem is highly nonconvex, so the UC problem cannot be solved efficiently only using the standard GA To efficiently deal with the constraints of the problem and greatly reduce the search space of the GA, the minimum up and down time constraints are embedded in the binary strings that are coded to represent the on-off states of the generating units. The violations of other constraints arc handled by integrating penalty factors. To show the effectiveness of the GA based unit commitment scheduling, test results for system of 5 units are compared with results obtained using Lagrangian Relaxation and Dynamic Programming.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.271-298
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• 2016

In this paper, we study a problem of passive suppression of helicopter Ground Resonance (GR) using a single degree freedom Nonlinear Energy Sink (NES), GR is a dynamic instability involving the coupling of the blades motion in the rotational plane (i.e. the lag motion) and the helicopter fuselage motion. A reduced linear system reproducing GR instability is used. It is obtained using successively Coleman transformation and binormal transformation. The analysis of the steadystate responses of this model is performed when a NES is attached on the helicopter fuselage. The NES involves an essential cubic restoring force and a linear damping force. The analysis is achieved applying complexification-averaging method. The resulting slow-flow model is finally analyzed using multiple scale approach. Four steady-state responses corresponding to complete suppression, partial suppression through strongly modulated response, partial suppression through periodic response and no suppression of the GR are highlighted. An algorithm based on simple criterions is developed to predict these steady-state response regimes. Numerical simulations of the complete system confirm this analysis of the slow-flow dynamics. A parametric analysis of the influence of the NES damping coefficient and the rotor speed on the response regime is finally proposed.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.369-377
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 해중터널와 수중운항체의 충돌거동을 파악하기 위하여 두 구조체를 모델링하고 해석을 수행하였다. 충돌이 일어나는 해중터널은 원통형으로 단면을 가정하고 콘크리트와 라이닝강판을 가진 구조로 가정하였다. 충돌부위를 제외한 인접부분은 탄성거동을 하는 보요소로 모델링하고 계류라인은 장력을 받는 케이블로 모델링하였다. 수중운항체는 1800톤급 잠수함을 가정하였으며 수리동역학적 부가질량을 고려하여 충돌질량을 산정하였다. 해중터널에 작용하는 부력은 동적완화방법을 사용하여 초기조건에 포함시켰다. 부력비의 변화와 충돌속도의 변화를 고려하여 충돌해석을 수행한 결과, 충돌에너지의 소산은 주로 해중터널에서 발생하고 수중운항체에 의한 에너지 소산은 미미한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 계류라인의 장력과 부력비의 변화에 따라 해중터널의 충돌거동은 큰 영향을 받았다. 특히 충돌력은 기존의 설계기준의 선박충돌력과는 상이한 경향을 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.143-146
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 결맞는 x-선을 이용하여 표면의 거동 현상을 관찰할 수 있는 새로운 실험 방법인 x-선 상관 분광법(x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy)을 소개하고 이를 이용하여 측정한 고분자 박막에서의 거동 현상에 대한 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 이 방법은 파장이 짧은 x-선 영역에 동역학 광산란(dynamic light scattering) 원리를 적용하여 나노 스케일의 동역학 현상을 관찰할 수 있다. 또한 x-선 산란을 이용하므로 동역학 현상과 동시에 구조 특성을 측정할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 글래스 전이보다 높은 온도에서, 기판에 코팅된 고분자 박막의 표면 거동현상을 온도와 파수의 함수로 측정하였다. 박막의 두께가 두꺼울 때에는 점성이 높은 액체에서와 계산된 이론에서와 같은 표면 거동 현상이 관찰되었고, 얇은 박막에서는 갇힘 현상에 의한 효과를 관찰하였다.