• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.297-316
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• 2014

This paper presents a detailed study focused on investigating the effects of silt content on the static and dynamic properties of sand-silt mixtures. Specimens with a low-plastic silt content of 0, 15, 30 and 50% by weight were tested in static triaxial, cyclic triaxial, and resonant columns in addition to consolidation tests to determine such parameters as compression index, internal friction angle, cohesion, cyclic stress ratio, maximum shear modulus, normalized shear modulus and damping ratio. The test procedures were performed on specimens of three cases: constant void ratio index, e = 0.582; same peak deviator stress of 290 kPa; and constant relative density, $D_r$ = 30%. The test results obtained for both the constant-void-ratio-index and constant-relative-density specimens showed that as silt content increased, the internal friction angle, cyclic stress ratio and maximum shear modulus decreased, but cohesion increased. In testing of the same deviator stress specimens, both cohesion and internal friction angle were insignificantly altered with the increase in silt content. In addition, as silt content increased, the maximum shear modulus increased. The cyclic stress ratio first decreased as silt content increased to reach the threshold silt content and increased thereafter with further increases in silt content. Furthermore, the damping ratio was investigated based on different silt contents in three types of specimens.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.65-78
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• 1990

For the purpose of Improving the sounding boards for the conventional GAYAKUM, I was making approximately 202 specimens of radial board, 371 specimens of tangential board by cutting along the grain and the part of stem and 31 specimens of the disjointed traditional GAYAKUM made in Paulownia coreana. And it was conducted to measure specific gravity, dynamic Young's modulus, internal friction, resonant frequency, velosity of sound and width of annual ring by the method of the frexural vibration in a free-free bar in the audio frequency range. And it confirmed the juvenile wood by measuring wood fiber length of specimens. It was also conducted to investigate dynamic properties and moisture absorption by various heat-treatment and to test dynamic Young's modulus and internal friction for the disjointed conventional GAYAKUM. The results obtained were summarized as follow: 1. The Juvenile wood is located within about 7 annual rings from the pith in Paulownia coreana. 2. As increased with the specific gravity, the dynamic Young's modulus had more and more increased, but the internal friction had slightly decreased. 3. I think that radial board would be good for sounding board wood. because radial board is higher than tangential board in dynamic Young's mudulus and internal friction is lower than tangential board. 4. The value of mean dynamic Young's modulus on the conventional GAYAKUM, radial board and tangential board of 604 samples is $0.4283\pm0.037(\times10^{11}dyne/cm^2)$, $0.4316\pm(\times10^{11}dyne/cm^2)$ and $0.4234\pm0.112(\times10^{11}dyne/cm^2)$ respectively. The value of the radial board showed little higher than that of conventional GAYAKUM, but It had a similar tendency between conventional GAYAKUM and tangential board. 5. The annual ring width by four aspect is more narrow in north and west than that of others. 6. The values of specific gravity and dynamic Young's modulus in the mature wood showed higher than those of juvenile wood. 7. As the grain angle in the butt wood more increased to bark from pith, the dynamic Young's modulus were low. Then it was not good for sounding board. 8. It appeared that the heat-treatment for sounding board wood had a more effect to do the treatment of hotiron on surface after heat-treatment during 24 hours in $60^{\circ}C$ temperature. 9. As increased with the temperature, the rate of moisture absorption of heat-treatment wood had decreased. In conclusion, I thought that the sounding board wood for GAYAKUM would had the most effect to do the treatment of hotiron on surface after heat-treatment during 24 hours in $60^{\circ}C$ temperature using the radial board of mature wood.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.35-46
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• 1990

본 연구에서는 강성벽체가 됫채움 모래로부터 바깥쪽으로 수평이동할 경우에, 다양한 이동단계 에서 발생되는 정적 및 동적수평토압의 크기를 예측키 위해 Sokolovskii의 한계평형이론을 변형한 해석방법을 제시하였다. 제시된 해석방법을 토대로 얻어진 결과치와 Fang및 Sherif등이 밝힌 실험치가 벽체의 다양한 이동단계에서 잘 일치하고 있음을 알 수 있었고, 또한 벽체뒷면을 연직으로 하는 대신에 됫채움쪽으로 일정한 각도만큼 경사지게 하였을때 예상되는 정적 및 동적수평토압 합력의 감소효과도 분석하였다. 이외에도, 옹벽설계에 중요시 되는 벽마찰각 및 됫채움 모래의 내부마찰각 크기등이 정적수평토압 및 동적수평주동토압의 합력에 미치는 영향도 검토하였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제62권5호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2020

In this study, we compared and analyzed the static and dynamic analysis method for agricultural reservoirs. In addition, we assumed the aging of reservoir as the deterioration of the internal friction angle and cohesion. The internal friction angle and cohesion were applied by dividing into 4 case for each reservoir. As a result of comparing the stability of the reservoir embankment, it was found that the dynamic stability analysis method showed a greater risk than the static stability analysis method when dynamic loads such as earthquakes were applied. Therefore, when detailed review such as liquefaction is required, it is considered that the dynamic stability analysis method should be applied first. If a study on the change in material properties due to the aging of the reservoir is conducted, the stability analysis of the reservoir due to the aging of the reservoir can be performed more accurately. In addition, if a study comparing the results of dynamic stability analysis and static stability analysis for earthquakes with various characteristics for more reservoirs is conducted, detailed criteria for the case where dynamic stability analysis should be considered can be presented.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.239-246
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• 2000

It has been generally much fine contents in West Coast of Korea. When cyclic shear stress causing liquefaction was estimated as using cyclic triaxial tests in these grounds, it didn't appear linear relations between deviator stress and confining stress where σ'₃ was more than 150 kpa. Namely, due to no normalization of cyclic shear stress ratio, the errors of this is increased. Therefore, more confining stress is increased, more increment of deviator stress is decreased. So, using linear relations between tanø'/sub d/ of dynamic internal friction angle and CSR where σ'₃ was less than 150 kpa, liquefaction of these grounds was evaluated. Also, as doing detail evaluation which had carried response analysis of earthquake, this appeared good results which was well compatible with empirical methods using N-value of SPT. It was thought that these result evaluated vulnerable liquefaction area more correct than existing methods. Also, characteristics of liquefaction in West Coast grounds was compared with clean sands, with analysis of behavior of pore pressure ratio and axial strain affected by fine contents, as cyclic loading was applied.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.391-406
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• 2024

In order to study the soil seasonal dynamic characteristics in the regions with four distinct seasons, the soil dynamic triaxial experiments were conducted by considering the environmental temperature range from -30℃ to 30℃. The results demonstrate that the dynamic soil properties in four seasons can change greatly. Firstly, the dynamic triaxial experiments were performed to obtain the dynamic stress-strain curve, elastic modulus, and damping ratio of soil, under different confining pressures and temperatures. Then, the experiments also obtain the dynamic cohesion and internal friction angle of the clay under the initial strain, and the changing rule was summarized. Finally, the results show that the dynamic elastic modulus and dynamic cohesion will increase significantly when the clay is frozen; as the temperature continues to decrease, this increasing trend will gradually slow down, and the dynamic damping ratio will go down when the freezing temperature decreases. In this paper, the change mechanism is objectively analyzed, which verifies the reliability of the conclusions obtained from the experiment.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.206-217
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to estimate that the relations of weathering speed and shear strength of granite soil by tracing the weathering depth of granite soil from the very moment of its cutting. The results obtained this follows ; 1) The relationships among Nc, Li and CEC, Li>6%, CEC>14 corresponds to Nc=2~30, and 4%${\phi}$)increases at a standard pressure. 3) And Nc=0~50 corresponds to $27{\sim}50^{\circ}$ of internal fiction angle and to 12~49kPa of cohesion. That is to say, internal friction angle(${\phi}$)corresponds better than cohesion(c). In conclusion, this study suggests that in simplified dynamic cone penetration test a penetration boundary line of 5 centimeters is decided at around Li=4%, CEC=3(meq/100g) which is classified as a completely weathering soil. It also appears that CEC increases as Li increases while Nc decreases.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제83권3호
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• pp.377-386
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• 2022

This paper considers dynamic impedance functions and presents a detailed analysis of the soil plasticity influence on the pile-group foundation dynamic response. A three-dimensional finite element model is proposed, and a calculation method considering the time domain is detailed for the nonlinear dynamic impedance functions. The soil mass is modeled as continuum elastoplastic solid using the Mohr-Coulomb shear failure criterion. The piles are modeled as continuum solids and the slab as a structural plate-type element. Quiet boundaries are implemented to avoid wave reflection on the boundaries. The model and method of analysis are validated by comparison with those published on literature. Numerical results are presented in terms of horizontal and vertical nonlinear dynamic impedances as a function of the shear soil parameters (cohesion and internal friction angle), pile spacing ratio and frequencies of the dynamic signal.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.235-244
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• 1993

본 연구에서는 토체내에 발생하는 파괴면(破壞面)의 방향(方向)은 선형변형율증분(線形變形率增分)이 0인 영팽창선(零膨脹線)의 방향(方向)과 일치한다고 하는 Roscoe의 영팽창선이론(零膨脹線理論)과 Mononobe-Okabe의 동적(動的) 토압이론(土壓理論)을 응용(應用)하여 지진(地震)의 영향(影響)을 고려한 동적토압이론식(動的土壓理論式)을 제안하였다. 동적토압식을 유도함에 있어서 벽체는 연직이고 재하중(載荷重)이 없으며, 뒷채움면은 수평면이고 그 재료는 조밀한 비점착성(非粘着性) 사질토(砂質土)로서 지진시에도 토질정수(土質定數)는 변화되지 않는 것으로 가정하였으며, 지진에 의한 영향을 고려하기 위하여 수평방향진도(水平方向震度)만을 고려하였다. 한편, 제안된 토압식에 포함되어 있는 수평진도(水平震度), 흙의 내부마찰각(內部摩擦角), 벽마찰각(壁摩擦角) 및 다이레이션각(角)의 영향을 분석하였으며, 유도된 이론식을 Mononobe-Okabe의 토압식과 비교분석하였다.

• 지질공학
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.329-340
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• 2013

국내의 이산화탄소 지중저장을 위한 후보부지로 북평분지와 포항분지가 우선 선정되어 저장성 및 안전성 평가를 위한 지질조사가 이루어졌다. 저류층 및 상부 덮개층의 역학적 안정성을 분석하기 위해 두 분지에서 회수된 시추코어를 이용하여 공극률, 탄성파 속도, 일축압축강도, 내부 마찰각 및 영률을 실내시험을 통해 측정하였다. 시추공의 전 구간에 걸쳐 실내시험을 수행하는 것이 어려우며 연속적 물리검층 자료로부터 역학적 파라미터를 직접 측정할 수도 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 시추코어의 실내실험으로 측정된 물리적 성질(탄성파 속도, 공극률, 동역학 영률)과 역학적 성질(일축압축강도, 내부 마찰각)간의 상관관계를 파악하여, 물리검층자료로부터 지층의 역학적 안정성 분석에 필요한 인자를 추출하였다. 기존에 제안된 여러 경험식을 본 연구의 시추코어 시험 자료와 비교하여 두 분지에 가장 잘 맞는 경험식을 산출하였다. 북평분지와 포항분지의 일축압축강도와 영률 및 공극률간의 관계는 지역에 관계없이 암종에 따라 같은 식을 따르는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구에서 산출된 경험식을 이용하여 탄성파 검층자료를 이용하여 검층 전 구간에 대하여 지층의 강도물성을 예측하였다. 예측된 강도물성은 이산화탄소의 주입 전 단계에서 지층의 역학적 안정성을 규명하기 위한 모델분석에서 입력인자로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.