• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1998.05a
• /
• pp.15-28
• /
• 1998

As an alternative for solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, we present a vorticity-based integro-differential formulation for vorticity, velocity and pressure variables. One of the most difficult problems encountered in the vorticity-based methods is the introduction of the proper value-value of vorticity or vorticity flux at the solid surface. A practical computational technique toward solving this problem is presented in connection with the coupling between the vorticity and the pressure boundary conditions. Numerical schemes based on an iterative procedure are employed to solve the governing equations with the boundary conditions for the three variables. A finite volume method is implemented to integrate the vorticity transport equation with the dynamic vorticity boundary condition . The velocity field is obtained by using the Biot-Savart integral derived from the mathematical vector identity. Green's scalar identity is used to solve the total pressure in an integral approach similar to the surface panel methods which have been well-established for potential flow analysis. The calculated results with the present mettled for two test problems are compared with data from the literature in order for its validation. The first test problem is one for the two-dimensional square cavity flow driven by shear on the top lid. Two cases are considered here: (i) one driven both by the specified non-uniform shear on the top lid and by the specified body forces acting through the cavity region, for which we find the exact solution, and (ii) one of the classical type (i.e., driven only by uniform shear). Secondly, the present mettled is applied to deal with the early development of the flow around an impulsively started circular cylinder.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
• /
• v.35
• /
• pp.393-426
• /
• 2020

In the past, holy sites were mainly designated on a basis of archaeological norms and endowed with a specific fixed identity according to historical, religious, and contextual interpretations. However, approaches to these sites are more flexible in recent times. These locations transcend the boundaries of space and time to enable the experience of diverse transformation and reveal multiple religious identities which are embedded in the complex interaction between power and authority. In this regard, the dynamic meanings of the religious symbology of Daesoon Jinrihoe's temple complexes, imagery, and the spatial structures enable us to grant them a new identity by re-establishing these structures as World Heritage sites. Temple complexes (dojang) correspond to the outstanding universal values identified by UNESCO in that the spiritual activities conducted at these holy sites draw the same attention as would be drawn by historical value. In this context, this study aims to explore the potential for Daesoon Jinrihoe's temple complexes to be designated UNESCO world heritage sites. To carry out this study, existing religious heritage sites such as Mount Athos Monasteries in Greece and Lumbini in Nepal are examined as case studies, and the operational plan, conservation, protection of relics, and interaction with its neighboring community and tourists are likewise closely examined in this study.

• Journal of Science of Art and Design
• /
• v.11
• /
• pp.221-249
• /
• 2007

Today, photography is facing to the crisis of identity and dilemma of ontology from the digital imaging process in the new technology form. It is very important points to say rethinking of the traditional photographic medium, that has changed the way we view the world and ourselves is perhaps an understatement and that photography has transformed our essential understanding of reality. Now, no longer are photographic images regarded as the true automatic recording, innocent evidence and the mirror to the reality. Rather, photography constructs the world for our entertainment, helping to create the comforting illusions by which we live. The recognition that photographs are not constructions and reflections of reality, is the basis for the actual presence within the contemporary photographic world. It is shock. This thesis's aim is to look for the problems of photographic identity and ontological crisis that is controlling and regulating digital photographic imagery, allowing the reproduction of the electronic simulations era. Photography loses its special aesthetic status and becomes no more true information and, exclusively evidence by traditional film and paper that appeared both as a technological accuracy and as a medium-specific aesthetic. The result, photography is facing two crises, one is the photographic ontology(the introduction of computerized digital images) and the other is photographic epistemology(having to do broader changes in ethics, knowledge and culture). Taken together, these crises apparently threaten us with the death of photography, with the 'end' of photography and the culture it sustains. The thesis's meaning is to look into the dilemma of photography's ontology and epistemology, especially, automatical index and digital codes from its origin, meaning, and identity as the technological medium. Thus, in particular, thesis focuses on the analog imagery presence, from the nature in the material world, and the digital imagery presence from the cultural situations in our society. And also thesis's aim is to examine the main issues of the history of photography has been concentrated on the ontological arguments since the discovery of photography in 1839. Photography has never been only one static technology form. Rather, its nearly two centuries of technological development have been marked by numerous, competing of technological innovation and self revolution from the dual aspects. This thesis examines recent account of photography by the analysis of the medium's concept, meaning, identity between film base image and digital base image from the aspects of photographic ontology and epistemology. Thus, the structure of thesis is fairy straightforward to examine what appear to be two opposing view of photographic conditions and ontological situations. Thesis' view contrasts that figure out the value of photography according to its fundamental characteristic as a medium. Also, it seeks a possible solution to the dilemma of photographic ontology through the medium's origin from the early years of the nineteenth century to the raising questions about the different meaning(analog/digital) of photography, now. Finally, this thesis emphasizes and concludes that the photographic ontological crisis reflects to the paradoxical dynamic structure, that unsolved the origins of the medium, itself. Moreover, even photography is not single identity of the photographic ontology, and also can not be understood as having a static identity or singular status from the dynamic field of technologies, practices, and images.

• Sijohaknonchong
• /
• v.44
• /
• pp.75-103
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the main creative attitude in Lee Eun-sang's Sijo relies upon the juxtaposition technique, with paying attention to juxtaposition of being found in the works of being put in the Nosan Sijojip(時調集, collection of Sijo poems), and that this creative attitude provides readers with the easiness for understanding. A type in the juxtaposition technique, which was shown in "Nosan Sijojip", was divided in the dimension of the anaphora in a meaning and the confrontation in a meaning. The anaphora of a meaning was classified into synonymous juxtaposition, comprehensive juxtaposition, specific juxtaposition and syntactic juxtaposition. The confrontation of a meaning was examined in the contradictory juxtaposition. Most of Lee Eun-sang's works are applying this juxtaposition technique. Also, the dynamic of image, which is indicated in juxtaposition, is what was influenced by the British and American imagism. This study will be able to solve problems that modern Sijo has to some extent, and will be helpful even for acquiring the identity in Sijo.

• Korean journal of communication and information
• /
• v.62
• /
• pp.30-50
• /
• 2013

Exploring the relationship between body and technology in gender studies, this paper argues that 'being women' as an analytical concept is not fixed but progressing, that is, 'becoming women.' In the age of neo-liberalism, gender and identity politics raised critical questions regarding the relations between women and technology. Understanding these dynamic relations asks us to reconsider the concept of 'body.' Thus, this study begins with a review of the discourses of body in feminism and gender studies. Then, it continues to the meaning of technology in body and gender relations, arguing that body is the discursive and material site where gender identity and being are simultaneously constructed. An introduction of cyberfeminism, which focuses on the triangular relations among body, gender, and technology follows, discussing the significance of technology in 'becoming women.' Finally, it is argued that finding the meanings of technology in becoming women requires reconsidering the discursive and performative construction of body. 'Becoming women' can be achieved through exploration of the articulations and processes of body, gender and technology, which allows us to figure out the (re)construction of gender identity.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.576-591
• /
• 2003

This study examined how historical facts of the past were established as a symbol or identity of a region and reorganized in the present local communities. Janseong has reorganized regional symbols through a regional festival named Hong-gil-dong Festival based on its tradition and cultural resources and used them as a strategy for the regional revitalization. Jangseong was known as "a district of noble scholars" represented by the Philam Seowon(local school) enshrining Kim In-hoo, a superior one of the Confusion scholars of Joseon period. And it was considered as "a place of justice" because of historical fact that it was an important base of Donghak movement and the struggle by righteous soldiers who fought for the country in the late Joseon period. Moreover, as the place which is assumed as a birthplace of Hong Gil-dong, a hero of the Hong Gil-dong story was excavated, the local government has reorganized Mr. Hong as a symbol of the region and has held the Hong Gil-dong festival for its development. In spite of its short history, the festival was established as a representative of Janseong. It also created various regional cultural attractions such as regional logos of Hong Gil-dong and a tourist attraction of his birthplace. Jangseong reorganized its tradition for the regional revitalization through a business-oriented property of the event strategy enforcing a dynamic and external image. In the aspects of tradition reorganization and use for actual development, it is sure that the Hong Gil-dong Festival will work for true integration and revitalization of the region by providing experiences of reorganized regional tradition and culture along with various regional landscapes.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.11-26
• /
• 2013

In the wireless Internet, it is so restrictive to use the IPSec. The MIPv4 IPSec's path cannot include wireless links. That is, the IPSec of the wireless Internet cannot protect an entire path of Host-to-Host connection. Also wireless circumstance keeps a path static during the shorter time, nevertheless, the IKE for IPSec SA agreement requires relatively long delay. The certificate management of IPSec PKI security needs too much burden. This means that IPSec of the wireless Internet is so disadvantageous. Our paper is to construct the Mobile IPSec proper to the wireless Internet which provides the host-to-host transport mode service to protect even wireless links as applying excellent WP-IBE scheme. For this, Mobile IPSec requires a dynamic routing over a path with wireless links. FA Forwarding is a routing method for FA to extend the path to a newly formed wireless link. The FA IPSec SA for FA Forwarding is updated to comply the dynamically extended path using Source Routing based Bind Update. To improve the performance of IPSec, we apply efficient and strong future Identity based Weil Pairing Bilinear Elliptic Curve Cryptography called as WP-IBE scheme. Our paper proposes the modified protocols to apply 6 security-related algorithms of WP-IBE into the Mobile IPSec. Particularly we focus on the protocols to be applied to construct ESP Datagram.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.23-36
• /
• 2005

The main obstacle hindering the wide deployment of identity-based cryptosystem is that the entity responsible for creating the private key has too much power. As a result, private keys are no longer private. One obvious solution to this problem is to apply the threshold technique. However, this increases the authentication computation, and communication cost during the key issuing phase. In this paper, we propose a new effi ient model for issuing multiple private keys in identity-based encryption schemes based on the Weil pairing that also alleviates the key escrow problem. In our system, the private key of a user is divided into two components, KGK (Key Description Key) and KUD(Key Usage Desscriptor), which are issued separately by different parties. The KGK is issued in a threshold manner by KIC (Key Issuing Center), whereas the KW is issued by a single authority called KUM (Key Usage Manager). Changing KW results in a different private key. As a result, a user can efficiently obtain a new private key by interacting with KUM. We can also adapt Gentry's time-slot based private key revocation approach to our scheme more efficiently than others. We also show the security of the system and its efficiency by analyzing the existing systems.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.149-162
• /
• 2003

Schulz accepted the existentialist view based on Heidegger's thought and at the same time the objectivist view making fixed this living world, evoking controversies for discussion. He could not see various presentations of the meaning of place because he perceived elements of this world individually. Thus Schulz's mixed system of understanding is sternly different from Heidegger's thought. First, Heidegger suggests that place as existential space represents the occasion revelation of incidents in Dasein. While Schulz recognizes that place is a systematic space predetermined for Dasein. Second, Heidegger interprets the placeness as creative openness in which elements comprising this world face and interact with each other into one. In contrast, Schulz defines each of the elements through signification and regards it as invariable and static. Third, Heidegger perceives that the placeness is expressed with sustainable, complex images through "rift-design" which seeks dynamic interactions between the ground and the world. While Schulz attempts to take "Genius Loci" or "habituated scene" through "gathering" as a concept he regards static and then visualize such structural two factors, producing certain internal images of place. However, limits of Schulz's theory prevent us from exerting complete imagination and discovering the inner creative world of the object. Thus the ultimate goal of paying attention to the placeness, that is, the recovery of individual identity, fails due to the prevalence and abstraction of objectified thinking. In contrast, Heidegger's thought about "openness" is a useful means of realizing the placeness. Openness may be referred to a dynamic coordination in which the earth and the world sustain each other under incessant mutual tensions, but not sticking o each other. "Rift-design" is an openness strategy to cause tense relations by preventing structuralization intentively. This is a creative design that allows seeing original seams of the object.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.58 no.7
• /
• pp.13-30
• /
• 2008

Visual language is 'a form of communication without text'. Visual language is one of the strongest methods to spread knowledge. Uniforms could be interpreted as a symbolic language that establishes order in this complicated modern society by placing identity and responsibility on each members of various different organizations. In light of the above, the purpose of this research paper will be to analyze police uniforms of U.S.A, Great Britain, Italy, France and Korea as a form of visual language and interpreting them in terms of visual design in order to understand the fundamental ideas behind the designs and the effective applications thereof. Upon analysis of traffic police uniforms of each individual county mentioned above by separating each uniform's distinctive design, pattern, color, material and decoration based on visual factor, three characteristics of authority, dynamic functionality and friendliness were derived from comparing and analyzing each country's distinctive uniform design. The traditional unique role of police in our society was to maintain social order as their nature inherently possesses characteristic of authority and preservation, but has since undergone transition in many countries to appeal to the broader public by incorporating friendliness and dynamic functionality. Analyzing police uniforms in terms of visual linguistic sense requires a much more profound process of understanding beyond simple interpretation of configurative shapes. In conclusion, the true purpose of uniforms is to include and portray images of mankind's desire toward expressing ideas like 'mankind's bias toward existence beyond theirselves and the exercise of force through authority' and materializing such ideas into a physical form.