• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.281-292
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• 2017

Architecture constraints in buildings may typically cause irregularities in the distribution of stiffness and mass and consequently causes non-compliance of centers of mass, stiffness and strength. Such buildings are known as asymmetric buildings the distribution of strength and stiffness is one of whose main challenges. This distribution is more complicated for concrete buildings with RC shear walls in which stiffness and strength are interdependent parameters. The flexibility under the foundation is another subject that can affect this distribution due to the variation of dynamic properties of the structure and its constituting elements. In this paper, it is attempted to achieve an appropriate distribution pattern by expressing the effects of foundation flexibility on the seismic demand of concrete shear walls and also evaluate the effects of this issue on strength and stiffness distribution among lateral force resistant elements. In order to understand the importance of flexibility in strength and stiffness distribution for an asymmetric building in different conditions of under-foundation flexibility, the assigned value to each of the walls is numerically calculated and eventually a procedure for strength and stiffness distribution dependencies on flexibility is provided.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.417-425
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• 2012

This paper presents reference ZMP trajectory generation and implementation for a biped robot via linear inverted dumbbell model (LIDM), which can consider the effect of external momentum on the center of mass (COM) of robot. Based on a reference ZMP trajectory derived by using LIDM, a base trajectory is proposed not only to make the locomotion of robot similar to that of human but also to facilitate its implementation and tuning. In order to realize a dynamic walking using the proposed trajectory, compliance, impedance and ZMP tracking controllers are adopted together. Extensive experiments show that the proposed locomotion of a biped robot is stable and also, similar to that of human. Further researches on balance recovery of a biped robot will be carried out to guarantee its robust locomotion in combination with the proposed trajectory.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.719-728
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• 2017

This paper proposes a synthesis of new guidance law to generate an evasive maneuver against enemy's missile interception while considering its impact angle, acceleration, and field-of-view constraints. The first component of the synthesis is a new function of repulsive Artificial Potential Field to generate the evasive maneuver as a real-time dynamic obstacle avoidance. The terminal impact angle and terminal acceleration constraints compliance are based on Time-to-Go Polynomial Guidance as the second component. The last component is the Logarithmic Barrier Function to satisfy the field-of-view limitation constraint by compensating the excessive total acceleration command. These three components are synthesized into a new guidance law, which involves three design parameter gains. Parameter study and numerical simulations are delivered to demonstrate the performance of the proposed repulsive function and guidance law. Finally, the guidance law simulations effectively achieve the zero terminal miss distance, while satisfying an evasive maneuver against intercept missile, considering impact angle, acceleration, and field-of-view limitation constraints simultaneously.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.87-107
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• 2018

Water quality monitoring network needs periodic evaluations based on environmental demands and financial constraints. We used a genetic algorithm to optimize the existing water quality monitoring stations on the Sefid-Rud River, which is located in the North of Iran. Our objective was to optimize the existing stations for drinking and irrigation purposes, separately. The technique includes two stages called data preparation and the optimization. On the data preparation stage, first the basin was divided into four sections and each section was consisted of some stations. Then, the score of each station was computed using the data provided by the water Research Institute of the Ministry of energy. After that, we applied a weighting method by providing questionnaires to ask the experts to define the significance of each parameter. In the next step, according to the scores, stations were prioritized cumulatively. Finally, the genetic algorithm was applied to identify the best combination. The results indicated that out of 21 existing monitoring stations, 14 stations should remain in the network for both irrigation and drinking purposes. The results also had a good compliance with the previous studies which used dynamic programming as the optimization technique.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.1294-1297
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• 2003

With the development of medical field, many kinds of operations have been performed on human articulation. Arthroscopic surgery, which has Irrigation Pumping System for security of operator vision and washing spaces of operation, has been used for more merits than others. In this paper, it is presented that the research on a reliable control algorithm of the pumping system instrument for arthroscopic surgery. Before clinical operation, the flexible artificial articulation model is used for realizing the model the most same as human's and the algorithm has been exploited for it. This system is considered of the following; limited sensing point, dynamic effect by compliance, time delay by fluid flow and so on. The system is composed with a pressure controller, a regulator for keeping air pressure, an airtight tank that can have distilled water packs, artificial articulation and a measuring system, and has controlled by the feedback of pressure sensor on the artificial articulation. Also the system has applied to Smith Predictor for time delay and the parameter estimation method for the most suitable system with both the experiment data and modeling. In this paper, the pressure error that is between an air pressure tank and an artificial articulation was measured so that the system could be presumed and then the controller had developed for performing State-Feedback. Finally, the controller with a real microprocessor has realized. The confidence of system can be proved by applying this control algorithm to an artificial articulation experiment material.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.659-678
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• 2014

The study is aimed at investigating the feasibility of a high TRL solution for a wing flap segment characterized by morphable camber airfoil and properly tailored to be implemented on a real-scale regional transportation aircraft. On the base of specific aerodynamic requirements in terms of target airfoil shapes and related external loads, the structural layout of the device was preliminarily defined. Advanced FE analyses were then carried out in order to properly size the load-carrying structure and the embedded actuation system. A full scale limited span prototype was finally manufactured and tested to: ${\bullet}$ demonstrate the morphing capability of the conceived structural layout; ${\bullet}$ demonstrate the capability of the morphing structure to withstand static loads representative of the limit aerodynamic pressures expected in service; ${\bullet}$ characterize the dynamic behavior of the morphing structure through the identification of the most significant normal modes. Obtained results showed high correlation levels with respect to numerical expectations thus proving the compliance of the device with the design requirements as well as the goodness of modeling approaches implemented during the design phase.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.267-273
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to develop a systematic design method for the suspension system hard points and compliance elements, which have great influence on the handling stability of a vehicle. In this paper, a method to optimize J-turn responses is presented based on the principles of design of experiments, multi-body dynamic analysis and optimum design technique. The design variables associated with the J-turn maneuver are selected through the experimental design sensitivity analysis using the perturbation method. An objective function is defined as an approximate function for the J-turn characteristics using the TSA(Taylor series approximation). The values of the design variables, which make the optimized J-turn characteristics, are obtained using the conjugate gradient method. The result of the J-turn simulation shows that the optimized vehicle has more improved handling stability than the optimized vehicle.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.555-556
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• 2006

In recent years, the higher flatness level in wafer shape has been strictly demanded with a high integration of the semiconductor devices. It has become difficult for a conventional wafer preparing process to satisfy those demands. In order to meet those demands, surface grinding with in-feed grinder is adopted. In an in-feed grinding method, a chuck table fur fixing a semiconductor wafrr rotates on its rotation axis with a slight tilt angle to the rotation axis of a cup shaped grinding wheel and the grinding wheel in rotation moves down to grind the wafer. So, stability of the grinder structure is very important to aquire a wafer of good quality. This paper describes the features of the in-feed grinder and some FEM analysis results of the grinder structure.

• Transactions of the Society of Information Storage Systems
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.161-168
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• 2005

This paper optimizes the optical flying head(OFH) suspension using the integrated optimization frame, which automatically integrates the analysis with the optimization and effectively implements the repetitive works between them. The problem formulation for the optimization is suggested to improve the dynamic compliance of OFH and to shift the resonant frequencies caused tracking errors to high frequency domain. Furthermore, the minimization of the effective suspension mass that leads to decrease the so-called 'lift-off' as the disk-head separation acceleration divided by the suspension load is taken into consideration. In particular, this study is carried out the optimal design considering the process of modes tracking through the entire optimization processes. The advanced suspension that reduces the effective mass of the suspension and increases the resonant frequencies of sway and $2^{nd}$ torsion over 10kHz is achieved by using the integrated optimization frame.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.304-310
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• 2011

The application of time-domain methods in emission measurement instruments allows for a reduction in scan time by several orders of magnitude and for new evaluation methods to be realized such as the real-time spectrogram to characterize transient emissions. In this paper two novel systems for time-domain EMI measurements above 1 GHz are presented. The first system combines ultra-fast analog-to-digital-conversion and real-time digital signal processing on a field-programmable-gate-array (FPGA) with ultra-broadband multi-stage down-conversion to enable measurements in the range from 10 Hz to 26 GHz with high sensitivity and full-compliance with the requirements of CISPR 16-1-1. The required IF bandwidths were added to allow for measurements according to MIL-461F and DO-160F. The second system realizes a system of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and has an upper bandwidth limit of 4 GHz. With the implementation of an automatic mismatch calibration, the system fulfills CISPR 16-1-1 dynamic range requirements. Measurements of the radiated emissions of electronic consumer devices and household appliances like the non-stationary emissions of a microwave oven are presented. A measurement of a personal computer's conducted emissions on a power supply line according to DO-160F is given.