• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.393-400
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• 2010

This study examines the mordanting effect and multi functional properties of silk fabrics dyed with onion shell extracts that were mordanted with gallnut. The contents of this study are as follows. First, the optimum dyeing conditions were investigated by measuring the K/S value that depended the on dyeing conditions when silk fabrics were dyed with onion shell extracts. Second, the color, brightness, and chroma differences that appear after mordanting with gallnut were investigated by measuring the K/S and Munsell value. Third, the color fastness and antimicrobial activity were measured. When silk fabrics were dyed with onion shell extracts, the optimum dyeing conditions were a dyeing temperature of $70^{\circ}C$, a dyeing concentration of 160%, and a dyeing of time 30min. After mordanting with gallnut extracts, the K/S value increased remarkably and was larger in pre-mordanting than post-mordanting. The H value displayed yellow-red in all cases of pre and post mordanting. However, the H value was more reddish in the order of non-mordanting

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.648-659
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• 2012

This research categorizes fundamental data needed to develop eco-friendly fabrics treated with bamboo leaf & pine leaf extracts. The effect of mordant on those fabrics was analyzed through the measurement of mechanical properties and the estimation of primary hand values for cotton and silk fabrics dyed with bamboo leaf and pine leaf extracts that were later treated with various mordants. When cotton was dyed with bamboo leaves and pine leaves extracts, EM, WT, 2HB, 2HG, 2HG5, LC, T, and W increased however, RT, SMD, and RC decreased compared to raw cotton fabric. The B, G, and MIU increased after mordant treatment to the dyed cotton and resulted in a stiffer and rougher cotton's hand. EM, WT, RT, MIU, WC, T, and W increased (in terms of silk); however, LT, B, 2HB, G, 2HG, 2HG5, MMD, SMD, and LC decreased compared to raw silk fabric. Similar to the dyed cotton, mordant treatment increased the MIU and LC of dyed silk subsequently, the hand became stiffer and rougher. A greater tannin adsorption results in an increased mechanical property and the primary hand value. For both fabrics, mordant treatment made its smoothness drop. However, the scale of drop for cotton was significant, while the scale of the drop for silk was minor. In terms of type of mordant, femordant and natural-mordant treatment influenced the tensile, shear, surface properties of fabrics, and primary hand values more than Cu-mordant and synthetic-mordant in addition, this increased the stiffness, hardness, and roughness of fabrics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.55-55
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• 2012

To improve the deodorizing and antibacterial performance of various fabrics (cotton, silk and wool) dyed with pomegranate(Punica granatum L.) extract without mordants, natural colorant solutions, which were extracted from pomegranate using water as an extractant at $90^{\circ}C$ for 90 min with a various liquor ratio (solid natural colorant material/solvent water, weight ratio) from 1:100 to 1:5 were used. To achieve the highest K/S and the deodorizing and antibacterial performance, the best liquor ratio, dyeing bath ratio, dyeing temperature and dyeing time were found to be 1:10, 1:50, $80^{\circ}C$ and 60 min, respectively. The deodorizing performance of dyed cotton, silk and wool fabrics against acetic acid vapor were found to be95,70,90%,respectively. However, all the dyed fabrics displayed outstanding deodorizing performance(99%) against ammonia gas and antibacterial performance(bacteriostatic reduction rate:99.9%) against Staphylococcu aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia(bacteriostatic reduction rate: 99.9%). It is worth noting that pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) colorants notably enhanced the deodorizing and antibacterial performance of cotton, silk and wool fabrics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.8 s.145
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• pp.1188-1195
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• 2005

The effects on the dyeing properties and antibacterial activity of fabrics dyed with camomile extract were analyzed. As the results obtained, the surface color of all the dyed fabric was tinged with the yellow of the bright color tone. In the test results of durability, the durability to sunlight of the dyed fabric of both cotton and silk showed from 2nd grade to 3rd grade. The durability to laundry of the dyed fabric of both cotton and silk showed relatively higher grade of 4th-5th. The durability to synthetic sweat of all the fabrics except fer the dyed fabric mordanted with $CuSO_4{\cdot}5H_2O$ showed the relatively good result of 3rd- 5th grade. The durability to friction and dry cleaning of all the dyed fabrics showed the excellent result of 4th-5th grade. In the test results of antibiosis, the dyed fabric of cotton showed the decrease rate of $50\%$ to Staphylococcus aureus and the decrease rate of $70\%$ to Klebsiella pneumoniae. The dyed fabric of silk showed the significant effect with Microscopic growth to the mold bacillus Aspergillus niger.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.385-390
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• 1999

Dyeing properties of silk fabric with green tea colorants were studied by investigating the effect of dyeing conditions such as concentration pH dyeing temperature and time on dye uptakes and effect of mordants on color change and dye uptakes, And various colorfastnesses of dyed fabrics were evaluated for practical use. Green tea colorants showed relatively good affinity to silk fabric and produced yellowish red color. Langmuir adsoption isotherm was obtained. Therefore it is considered that ionic bondings between colorants and silk fibers are formed. Mordants did not improve dye uptakes and affect color of dyed fabrics significantly. But mordanting adversely affected lightfastness of dyed fabrics. Regardless of mordanting colorfastness to perspiration especially in alkaline condition of dyed fabrics showed low rating compared with other colorfastness. It is concluded that mordanting is not necessary for silk dyeing with green tea colorants.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.16-24
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• 1995

Traditionally dyeing fabric with dyestuff extracted from Indigo was a popular method of obtaining blue color in the world before synthetic dyestuff was developed in the 1890's. As the Korean traditional process of dyeing extracted from Indigo, there are two kinds of dyeing process; The deposite dyeing of muddy Indigo and the leaf dyeing of Indigo plant. In order to study the properties of leaf dyeing of Indigo, the dyeing properties, color difference on cotton and silk fabrics under several dyeing conditions were investigated. In the dyeing of cotton and silk fabrics with leaf dyeing of Indigo, the dyeing affinity of silk was higher than that of cotton, the cotton and silk fabrics were dyed dark yellowish Green and dark Blue, respectively. the dye uptake increased with the increase of dyeing temperature and of the unmber of dyeing times. When cotton and silk fabrics dyed with leaf dyeing of Indigo at 6$0^{\circ}C$ for six number of times, the K/S value of dyed cotton and silk were calculated 1.286, 2.613 respectively.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.73-81
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• 1997

Parsimon juice dyeing is the one of the most popular natural dyeing methods which have been done traditionally among the farmers. The clothes dyed with parsimon juice has several merits, that is, it become much more durable, cool, easy to wash and wear after dyeing and these merits are the reason why people likes to wear the parsimon juice dyeing clothes as work wear. Especially in Cheju province, parsimon juice clothes became a folk costume and many people still enjoy wearing it in the hot summer days. But one of the demerits of parsimon dyeing is that the possible period of dyeing is very short. So, if parsimon juice dyeing could be done with the preserved parsimon juice, it would be possible to enlength the period. With this idea, we compared the color and colorfastness of fabrics which were dyed with 4 kinds of parsimon juice. The experimental parsimon juice 96-8 was preserved during 13 months, 96-9 was 12 months, 97-8 was 1 month and 97-9 was not preserved one. The experimental fabrics were cotton, silk. nylon and polyester fabrics. The results were as follows ; 1. The colors of fabrics dyed with experimental parsimon juice 96-9, 97-8, 97-9 were yellow-red and dyeing states were good. But the colors of fabrics dyed with 96-8 were dark and the state were bad, because the color of experimental parsimon juice 96-8 was changed during preservation. 2. The best state of dyeing could see in the fabrics dyed with experimental parsimon juice 97-8, although that was preserved 1 month. 3. There were differences of color between experimental fabrics dyed with same juice and the colors were thicker in cotton and silk than in nylon and polyester fabrics. 4. During wetting and drying process, the color changes in fabrics dyed with no preserved one were more than in fabrics dyed with preserved ones. 5. The color fastness to the light of the dyed fabrics was over 4, to the acidic perspiration was 3~4 or 4~5, to the alkaline perspiration was 2, 3 or 3~4 and to the washing was 1~2. There was no significant difference in colorfastness between the 96-9 dyed fabrics and 97-9 dyed fabrics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.469-476
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• 1998

The natural dyestuff(chestnut dye) was manufactured from chestnut hulls by boiling in 0.5 NaOH solution and powdering in freeze dryer. To investigate the dyeability and color fastness, cotton, wool, silk and nylon fabrics were dyed under several conditions using the manufactured chestnut dye. Dyeing operation was carried in acidic dyebath of pH 4-5 because the chestnut dye is anionic. Dyeabilities on wool, silk and nylon fabrics were good, especially nylon fabrics were dyed deeper than others. But dyeability on cotton fabrics was not good. All the dyed fabrics showed excellent color fastness to crocking. Color fastness to laupdering of them were moderate to good. Also light fastness of them were moderate to good except nylon. The light fastness of dyed nylon fabrics was as poor as grade 1. But they could be improved to grade 4 by aftertreatment with gallic acid.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2003

This study shows the dyeability and antibacterial activity about cotton and silk fabrics dyed with Chrysanthem indicum L. In the case of dyeability, in the first, K/S value was shown comparatively high numerical value. The value of all test sample was over 20. In the next, in the case of colorfastness, the light colorfastness showed the lowest grade, the other colorfastness was relatively good. However there are some differences according to fabrics and mordants. In the case of antibacterial activity to Klebsielia pneumoniae, the cotton fabrics had the most antibacterial effect at the dyed fabrics that had been mordanted $CuSO_4$.$5H_2O$, and the silk fabrics had the most antibacterial effect at the dyed fabrics that had been mordanted $CuSO_4$.$5H_2O$.$Al_2$ and $(SO_4)_3$.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.768-777
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• 2015

In this study, the dyeing of silk fabric with Polygonum cuspidatum extracts was investigated. The contents of this study are as follows. First, the proper dyeing conditions were investigated by measuring the dye uptake (K/S value) that depended on the dyeing conditions when silk fabric was dyed with Polygonum cuspidatum extract. Second, the brightness (L), hue, and chroma differences that appear after mordanting with Al, Cu and Fe were investigated by measuring the CIELAB and Munsell values. And third, the colorfastness and antibacterial property were measured. When the silk fabric was dyed with Polygonum cuspidatum extract, the proper dyeing conditions were a colorant concentration of 90% v/v, a dyeing of time 100 minutes, a dyeing temperature of $70^{\circ}C$, and a dyeing of pH 3. In mordanting methods, the dyeabilities of post-mordanting were higher than those of premordanting. The hue value displayed yellow (Y) and yellow-red (YR) in cases of pre and post mordanting. The C value decreased by the mordanting of Polygonum cuspidatum extracts. Generally the colorfastness of mordanted fabrics was improved by mordanting. The dyed fabrics showed a 90.6% of Staphylococcus aureus reduction rate, and the dyed and mordanted fabrics showed 97.1% bacteria reduction rate. The dyed and mordanted fabrics showed above 90.5% Klebsiella pneumoniae reduction rate, and Cu mordant revealed the most effective bacterial reduction.