• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2009

Studies about architectural planning for elderly residences have been carried out to examine various factors including the unit plan, site planning, and size planning. However, no studies have been undertaken that focus on the residents' daily life patterns. This study offers the design guidelines to support the daily life patterns of the elderly through the planning of elderly housing. For this study, elderly residents in Tokyo, Yokohama etc. in Japan were interviewed and surveyed. The results indicate that the changes to the daily life patterns of the residents living in elderly housing are the reduction of household, the increase of free time, and the change of social relationships. The elderly want to utilize their free time and focus on their social relationships. However, the elderly residences that we surveyed pay no consideration to social spaces and programs for their residents except for the cafeteria. To support the daily life patterns of the elderly, elderly housing should set a high value on the location, shared spaces, and unit plans of the residences in order to consider the personal diversity of the residents. Accessibility to public transportation systems and facilities should to be considered in the initial location planning. The revitalization of the public spaces should to be considered during the architectural planning stage. Considerations of personal taste during the unit planning stage are also necessary.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.16-26
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• 2016

Background: Deficiencies in the ability to maintain balance are common in elderly. Augmented feedback such as knowledge of results (KR) can accelerate learning and mastering a motor skill in older people. Objects: We designed this study to examine whether one session of Wii-Fit game with self-regulated KR is effective for elderly people, and to compare the effect of two different timings of self-regulated KR conditions. Methods: Thirty-nine community-dwelling elders, not living in hospice care or a nursing home, participated in this study. During acquisition, two groups of volunteers were trained in 10 blocks of a dynamic balancing task under the following 2 conditions, respectively: (a) a pre-trial self-regulated KR ($n_1=18$), or (b) a post-trial self-regulated KR ($n_2=21$). Immediate retention tests and delayed retention tests of balancing performance were administered in 15 minutes and 24 hours following acquisition period, respectively. Results: In both groups, significant improvements of balancing performances scores were observed during the acquisition period. Regardless of the group, mean of balancing performance scores on retention tests were well-maintained from the final session. There were no significant differences between groups in balancing performance scores during the acquisition period (p>.05); however, the post-trial self-regulated KR group exhibited significantly higher balancing performance scores in both the immediate retention test and delayed retention test than that of the pre-trial self-regulated KR group (p<.05). Conclusion: Therefore, subjects who regulated their feedback after a dynamic balancing task, during the acquisition period, experienced more efficient motor learning during the retention period than did subjects who regulated their feedback before a dynamic balancing task. Accordingly, in case of presenting the KR of motor learning in clinical settings to elders who reduced dynamic balance abilities, the requesting time of KR is imperative according to self-estimation processes as well as types of KR and practice.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2003

광통신용 광학부품의 신뢰성 특성은 솔더 조인트의 열 사이클에 따른 소성(Plastic)과 크립(Creep) 변형에 가장 큰 영향을 받는다. 열 사이클에 따른 소성과 크립 변형 증가로 인해 정렬 틀어짐이 발생하며 이는 광손실 변화의 주요인이 된다. 또한, 소성과 크립 변형량이 증가 또는 계속 누적이 될 경우 솔더의 피로수명 한계로 인해 제품 불량 발생의 원인이 된다. 이러한 열적 사이클에 따른 광부품의 신뢰성을 확보하기 위해 본 논문에서는 유한요소해석법(FEM)을 적용하였다. 소성과 크립 변형의 변화량을 유한요소해석으로 계산하고 이를 크립 피로 파괴(Creep-Fatigue) 수명 예측 모델에 적용하여 그 수명을 예측하였다. 솔더와 모재와의 계면 또는 솔더 내부에서 생성되는 온도에 따른 소성과 크립 변형을 파악하기 위해 텔코디아(Telcordia)의 광부품 신뢰성 온도 사이클(-40 to 75)을 적용하였다. 승온과 냉각 속도의 변화에 따른 영향을 검토하기 위해 1/min, 10/min 및 50/min으로 변화를 주고 유지 시간을 1시간으로 고정할 경우의 결과를 비교 분석하였다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.297-314
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• 2012

This study investigates the stigma effect of unwelcomed facilities on apartment prices through multiple regressions based on hedonic price method. The areas studied are Sang-gye Jugong 7, 9, 10 apartment complexes. The facilities analyzed are the Chang-dong Electric Subway Depot and the Do-bong Driver's License Agency. The factors studied include the environmental variable (the elapsed time since the announcement of the re-location of these facilities), the view commanding, the distance from Chang-dong Depot, the distance from Do-bong Driver's License Test Course, the distance from neighboring facilities (subway stations, schools, parks and so on), the floor and each dwelling's exclusive space. The data used are 2,822 sales which have been collected since January 1, 2006. The facts found are as follows; first, the view commanding and the distance from the unwelcomed facilities are statistically significant. second, the environmental variable, 'days' turns out to have a positive (+) and a negative (-) significant relationship with the dependent variable, 'price', in period II and period IV respectively. This implies that the stigma effect is real. third, there are significant differences in the influence on the apartment prices among the independent variables according to time. fourth, the stigma effect is estimated as 33,686,920 Korean won in the case of the apartments which have the view commanding and 30,311,844 won in the other case before the global economic crisis. This effect seems to decrease to 22,085,078 won after the crisis. These facts suggest that stigma effects could be considered as one of the benefits in the cost-benefit analysis of Chang-dong Depot re-location project to produce somewhat higher NPV or B/C ratio.

• Mycobiology
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.139-147
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• 2020

Root-feeding Scarabaeidae, particularly white grubs are considered among the most harmful coleopteran insect pests in turfgrass. In this work, sixteen entomopathogenic fungal species were assayed against flower chafer beetle, Protaetia brevitarsis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and Metarhizium anisopliae JEF-314 showed high virulence. The control ability of the isolate JEF-314 has been in detail tested for a model insect flower chafer beetle. Further analyses showed insect stage-dependent virulence where the fungal virulence was the highest against smaller instar larvae. Additionally, we confirmed that millet-based solid cultured granule was effective against the soil-dwelling larval stage. The isolate also showed a similar ability for a representative pest (Popillia spp.) in laboratory conditions. Our results clearly suggest a high potential of M. anisopliae JEF-314 to control the flower chafer beetle, possibly resulting in controlling of root-feeding white grubs in turfgrass. Based on the insect life cycle and susceptibility to the fungus, late spring and summer time would be the optimum time to apply JEF-314 granules for an effective control. Further characterization of the efficacy of the fungus under field conditions against the Scarabaeidae beetles might provide an efficient tool to control this beetle in an environment-friendly way.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.421-429
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of personalized complex aerobic training programs using wearable device on cardiovascular and respiratory functions in community based female elderly. Design: One group pre-post intervention study. Methods: Twenty-one older female participants lived in 'D' city were included. The personalized complex aerobic training program using wearable devices was applied to all participants for 4 weeks, 3 times a week, 30 minutes for per session. The participants' blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, respiration rate, submaximal exercise stress test, pulmonary function test and respiratory muscle strength test were evaluated before and after the complex training program. Results: After intervention, resting diastolic blood pressure, resting systolic blood pressure and the systolic blood pressure after submaximal exercise stress test were significantly decreased over time (p<0.05), and the submaximal exercise stress test duration were significantly increased over time (p<0.05). The maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) was significantly increased compare to before the intervention (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study showed that personalized complex training program using wearable device can provide personalized exercise intensity according to cardiopulmonary function that give feedback, and these interventions have a significant effect on improving the cardiovascular and respiratory system functions of the female elderly in the community dwelling.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.354-365
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Understanding the mechanism of chewing and swallowing food is important when creating a proper diet for older adults. This study investigated whether texture-modified model foods can reduce the difference in chewing and swallowing parameters between healthy community-living young and older adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: In total, 35 older and 20 young adults (mean age: 75 and 25 years, respectively), matched for sex and number of teeth, were recruited and their unstimulated salivation and tongue pressure were measured. Simultaneous assessment of chewing and swallowing characteristics was conducted using surface electromyography and a videofluoroscopic swallowing study while the participants ingested 8 g of model food with one to four levels of hardness. RESULTS: The average tongue pressure and salivation among older adults were 61% and 49.7%, respectively, of the corresponding values observed in young adults. The older adult group used significantly (P < 0.05) increased muscle force with more chewing cycles (P < 0.05) than the young adult group, which was maintained even when consuming foods with the lowest hardness, although without chewing. However, the age effect on oral processing time existed only for the hardest foods. Swallowing difficulties among older adults were demonstrated by the significant increase in vallecula aggregation time. The total food intake duration was significantly (P < 0.05) longer in older adults than in young adults, regardless of food hardness. CONCLUSIONS: There were measurable differences in the process of chewing and swallowing food between young and older adults, which can be improved with food hardness control. Adjusting food hardness may help food intake in healthy older adults.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2009

In case of general residential house, photovoltaic can be installed at roof, wall, and any other places. But, in case of apartment building, there has not enough roof space to install photovoltaic panels to supply enough electricity. Actually, apartment building roof and facade wall (exclude the balcony window space) is not enough space to produce and supply the electricity to residents by installing PV panel. Generally, the space of facade balcony with windows in facade wall at apartment building occupied about $70{\sim}80%$, in all facade space. So, if we could use the balcony and windows space in facade as PV to generating electricity, there could contribute the energy saying. But, PV cell is opacify. So if it installed at front window area in apartment building, residents may have displeasure for that opacity character. But the other hand, residents are not always in house especially in day time that is exactly good time for generating electricity by PV. If we can use PV at the facade balcony with window without collusion of resident's displeasure, there have good attraction to using sustainable energy. Hence, this study suggests the design of facade balcony window style PV by considering resident's living pattern in apartment building. The methods of this study are as follows. At first, this study surveyed to the residents about residential time in their home and asked user demand by Delphi survey. At second, this study designed balcony open style PV system which oriented to the user demand. At third, this study tests designed result performance by computer simulation that compared design result with old design. As a result, For the purpose of satisfying the resident demand, there designed sliding window style which slide the several door systems to the one side. That would be make balcony absolute open scenery to the residents. Hence, the designed system performance results were as follows. When we compare the small apartment and large apartment, smaller one has good performance than larger one. Because resident's residential time characteristic. And that has more good electronic performance than vertical style that is similar to roof style.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.189-198
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• 2002

방사선 비상사고시 예상되는 주민행동특성 조사 및 교통분석을 통해 실제적인 가정에 기초한 울진원전 비상계획구역내 주민들에 대한 소개시간평가를 수행하였다. 본 연구에서 소개시간은 주민통보, 소개준비 및 차량소개시간으로 구성되었다. 소개대상인구는 비상계획구역내 인구밀도 행정구역 및 일시체류인구 등을 고려해 4개의 그룹으로 분류하였다. 주민행동특성 조사를 위해 비상계획구역내 200가구에 대해 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 설문조사에는 가상사고상황을 설명하는 시나리오를 포함하여, 거주지, 소개준비 소요시간, 소개시 교통수단, 대피장소, 소개방향 등에 대한 질의를 포함하였다. 계산된 소개시작 시간분포 및 미시적 교통분석모델인 CORSIM을 이용하여 도로상에서 소개하는 각 차량들의 거동을 모사하였다. 본 연구결과에서 모든 소개대상차량이 비상계획구역 외부로 소개하는 데 있어서는 밤보다는 낮에 소개하는 경우에 더 오랜 시간이 소요되며 반면에 교차로에서의 지체시간은 낮보다는 밤이 더 장시간 지체되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이것은 차량소개 시작분포에 의한 영향에 기인하는 것으로 분석되었다. CORSIM 모델이 비상사고시 나타날 수 있는 혼잡한 교통현상을 적절히 모사할 수 있는 가를 검증하기 위해 오전 출근시간대에 울진원전 주변의 신호등이 없는 교차로에서 Benchmark Test를 수행하였다. 이 시험에서 CORSIM 모델의 예측치는 관찰된 통과차량 수와 잘 일치하여 본 연구목적을 만족시키고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.201-208
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• 2024

이 연구는 식품공장에서 건축법 제39조(건축물 바깥쪽으로의 출구 설치), 건축물의 피난·방화구조 등의 기준에 관한 규칙 제11조(건축물 바깥쪽으로의 출구의 설치기준)을 기준에 따라 각 거실로부터 60m, 80m, 100m거리에 출구를 설치했을 때 소방청에서 명시한 소방청 고시 행정규칙인 '소방시설 등의 성능위주설계 방법 및 기준'의 [별표 1]에서 제시하는 화재 및 피난 시뮬레이션의 시나리오 작성 기준 중 W3인 최악의 상황으로 4분(240초)이내에 피난을 성공하여 피난 안전성 평가를 진행하였다. 피난시뮬레이션을 위해 미국 Thunder사의 Pathfinder프로그램을 사용하였다. 본 연구 대상 건축물은 내화구조로 각 거실로부터 100m거리 이내에 출구가 설치되면 건축법에 만족하는 건물이었지만 실험 결과 각 거실로부터 60m거리에 출구가 있을때만 피난 안전성이 지켜졌으며, 80m, 100m거리에 출구를 설치했을 경우 피난안전성이 지켜지지 않고 피난에 실패하는 재실자가 발생하였다. 본 연구에서는 출구 설치기준이 각 거실로부터 100m일 때 비해 60m일 때 피난 소요시간이 47.5%나 줄어들 수 있다는 큰 연구성과를 보여주었다.