• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 1994.05a
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• pp.29-36
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to suggest the basic design elements for dwelling environment planning of downtown in Taegu.The evaluation of the dwelling environment should be approached from the satisfaction and the cognitive of the residents, that are based on their desire and various values on the conditions of residential area. This paper concerns the satisfaction and the congnitive image structure of the residents in the various dwelling types, from which design elements for dwelling environments can be derived. The results are as folIows: 1) The analysis on the satisfaction of dwell ins environment shows lots of displeasure about the lack of open-spaces and the housing low-quality, neighborhood in Mun-hwa, Korean style housing and the low-rise apartment areas. In order to make the variety types of dowelling in downtown district, the improvement of housing qualities and the expantion of the urban facilities for the open-spaces and communities are need. 2) The design elements of dwelling environments in downtown find out the important planning elements for urban design. The evaluation of the cognitive image structures about the safety and affection should be considered in design for urban dwelling areas.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.62-75
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• 1992

To investigate the traditiional gaden style of Sang ju Districts, 5 renown houses of noble family in Lee Dynasty were chosen to surey the environmental landscape and characteristics inner and outer space. 1. Traditional houses were located in natural environments based on topography(pung su-ji ri : forming philosophy of Taoism Buddbism and Korean native Sharmanism) which were reflected the 5 Elements of positive and Negative(Yin and Yang 5 Elements) 2. The formation of space is made of oblong by fence arrangement of dwelling housos has An Chae and Sa Rang Chae, and inner court of Anchae has style of oblong, and outer court of Sa Rang Chae has style of sililar oblong. Inner court is closed and outer is half opened. 3. Flow planning is straight and blique line because arrangement of dwelling houses is formed by theory of Dong-Suh Sa Taek(東西四宅), the flowing is complicated and connected from gate to room of An Chae. 4. Character of garden have simple neat whereas vegetable yard, green shade tree, and fruit trees have. Houses were built with their natural environments and streams in order to borrow landscaping in Sa Rang Chae. Specially they were not built pond. 5. Houses has one or two vegetable yard along inner and outer space and are seen as mixed planting more deciduous trees than evergreen trees.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.3 s.56
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• pp.33-39
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• 2006

This paper describes Modernization of the public dwelling focused on DK type standard plan during 1950's. in Japan. Shortage of the dwelling stated after World War II, inferior housing environment, required the re-reflection of a dwelling and a life system succeeded to traditionally As a result, it was going to solve a principle application of a new life style for a demand of a development process of the modernization through DK type standard plan. Although it was thought that the modernization process of the public dwelling Japan had aimed at Westernization, it turned out that modernization was developed according to the peculiar housing culture system of Japan. As for it, in the planning stage of DK plan, although known with the public and private space for which the Western-like element was generally accommodated by modernization processes, such as closing-izing of space, and specialization of a function, generally, succession of a traditional element and a modernistic change of that are seen. Moreover, it can be said that Westernization was transcended and peculiar localization of Japan was fixed.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.81-85
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• 2006

The current environmental issue is how a dwelling adapts into a given climate in which the design is applied by ecology without damaging the natural environment. In another word, the main issue in the twenty first century will be how we meet the human needs to dwellings applied by the residential environment. Therefore, we have to provide a hospitable place for residents' mental and physical health through "Green Design," emerging as the critical design of urban collective dwellings. Based on these conceptions, the purpose of this study is to suggest the way of designing the urban collective dwelling applied by ecology, proffering wealthy life style to residents with the preservation of natural environment as applying an ecological concept into the design of collective dwellings that represent a contemporary housing type for urban residents. In order to design the urban collective dwelling applied by ecology, this study introduces the outdoor design in friendly surroundings, the collective construct of a delightful housing, and the organic connection between inside and outside rooms.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.93-102
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• 2006

The purpose of this Guideline is to provide basic standardization basis for planning and designing of the dwellings so that elderly may live, either with their family or independently, an independently comfortable life style. Dwelling facility is defined as a physical area where important activities of daily life are conducted by a person/people and is also the focal place of a family. Therefore, the Guideline classifies the areas where daily activities are conducted by type of such activities and provides standards to countermeasure for natural physical disabilities of the elders.

• Journal of Applied Tourism Food and Beverage Management and Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.121-133
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• 2005

We live seeing, touching, or throwing on considerable textile in our life consciously and unconsciously. Since a Korean-style house is a dwelling space in life style of sitting on the floor with ondol(Korean floor heater), use of textile is limited to bedding goods. However, as western life style takes firm root, use of textile for interior design is increasing. As well, as apartments and foreign style houses have gotten lodgment since 1980, life style is being changed rapidly. So, textile became required factors in dining space where little textile existed. Through literature, history of textile is considered and design image concept is created based on the consideration. In addition, the created concept can be applied to various textile design, which can be a good tool to express eating culture of the country as well as the country's image.

• Proceedings of the Korea Hospitality Industry Research Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.123-133
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• 2005

We live seeing, touching, or throwing on considerable textile in our life consciously and unconsciously. Since a Korean-style house is a dwelling space in life style of sitting on the floor with ondol(Korean floor heater), use of textile is limited to bedding goods. However, as western life style takes firm root, use of textile for interior design is increasing. As well, as apartments and foreign style houses have gotten lodgment since 1980, life style is being changed rapidly. So, textile became required factors in dining space where little textile existed. Through literature, history of textile is considered and design image concept is created based on the consideration. In addition, the created concept can be applied to various textile design, which can be a good tool to express eating culture of the country as well as the country's image.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.22-33
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• 2003

I recognized necessity of the space planning to three-generation dwelling because of preservation of wholesome society sense of values of the younger generation indicated often to the point at issue by the change to nuclear family of present and by way to hand down thought of respect for the aged which is our traditional public morals. I wish to present basic data for storage space planning that resident's request and consciousness are reflected in such background. I investigated records in general concept, which is utilization pattern of storage space to achieve the function of these culture intermediation. The object of research is three-generation dwelling, such as 3L-K and 3L-DK as national residences that appear most generally in chongju city. The method of research was question investigation method to write utilization actual conditions and requirement of storage space directly. So I proposed suitable planning to resident's life style analyzing frequency, percentage and average distribution. When supply apartment house hereafter, it should be reflected wide selection by resident's characteristic and needed systematic storage space planning in consideration of user mainly. Also continuous and diversified researches that can improve quality of residence are required.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.101-122
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• 1994

This paper is one of the sequels from 'A Survey of Villages and Dwellings of Korean Immigrants in the North-Eastern Part of China'. It is the result of the extensive survey of Ch'ang-ts'ai-tsun village and covers several architectural characteristics of the dwellings. This paper alma to identify the 'double file' dwelling type, which is believed as one of the main stream of Korean folk dwelling. In this type, 'Chung-ju-kan' forms the central open space, where main household functions are carried out. This type originates from climatic reasons and functional reasons as well. This paper also aims to clarify how the dwelling forms are changed according to the life styles of various periods. The Korean immigrants in this village have experienced rapid changes in modern times like other Chinese. Through various political movements, the original dwelling type of this village has changed to adapt various needs and functions, which shows the simple truth : dwelling form changes according to the changes of life style and social structure. In this paper the directions of chimney through various periods are analyzed to verify the differences of the house layout methods and concepts of the time. The village had grown through 3 main periods before liberation period(1946), communization period(1946 - 1966) and contemporary period (1967 - ). It is concluded as follows: 1. The village was originated in late 19th century along the east-west street, which was a major routes of Korean Immigrants to China. In this area there was no regularity in its site plan. The direction of chimney, which was usually westward, was not determined according to the location of gate. This type was kept until liberization of this area, 1946. The plans of dwellings followed Ham-kyong-do 'double file' dwelling type, '6-kan dwelling' or '8-kan dwelling'. 2. The 'New Village' area, which was formed in the communization period, has a strict regularity in its site plan. The direction of chimney was determined as opposite direction of the gate. This method was maintained until 1976, when Mao died and new 'open' policy was held by Chinese government. In this area the 'dwelling house' plan type was not changed, but its layout and size were restricted. The general form of the dwelling in this village was shaped in this period. 3. The contemporary dwellings were built in random site location. The dwelling type was changed because of the reduction of family size and the permissin of private ownership. The number of rooms was reduced but the storage rooms and domestic animal hutches were added. But the 'Chung-ju-kan', the major chacteristics of north-eastern Korea dwelling is still kept. It becomes one large 'Chtin-ju-kan' room like 'open plan' type.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.644-652
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship among life style, body composition and Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in community dwelling Korean adults. Methods: Data were collected from 140 adults who participated in a health check-up program at community health departments in D city, Choong-chung providence. Subjects' life style was assessed with a structured interview survey. Body composition analyses were performed by the bioimpedence method and BMD was measured by peripheral dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry. Results: Among the subjects, 39.3% showed normal BMD values, 50.7% were osteopenic and 10% were assessed as osteoporotic. BMD was significantly different by gender, age, education, economic status and BMI. Subjects who had three or more meals/day had higher BMD then who had less than three meals (t=-2.273, p=.026). BMD was not influenced by regular exercise, alcohol consumption, or smoking. In terms of body composition, there was a significant relationship between fat free mass and BMD (r=.172, p=.043). Conclusion: Implementing an osteoporosis prevention program would be warrented considering the significant proportion of osteopenic or osteoporotic subjects. Regular eating habit with three meals for adequate nutrition need to be emphasized to prevent further bone loss in this population. Among the body composition, fat free mass seem to be the mostly predicting factor for BMD.