• Applied Microscopy
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.70-88
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• 1989

The storage sac of U. unicinctus can be divided into two parts morphologically as well as functionally ; one is proximal and the other distal storage sac. It is because of the seasonal morphological change of the storage sac caused by sperm accumulation in the storage sac. The proximal storage sac contains the mature sperm with the dumbbell-shaped acrosome and well developed one or two mitochondria in the middle piece, whilst the sperm of hemispherical acrosome associate closely with an accessory cell in the distal storage sac. This means that the sperm do not perform the synchronous development in a storage sac, which is not the case of sperm development in the coelomic cytophorus. In addition, the basal membrane of the distal storage sac is different from that of the proximal storage sac in term of tissue formation. Connective tissues, acces-sory cells and small lumen develop on the basal membrane of the distal sto-rage sac, which is well contrasted with the thin basal membrane of the proximal storage sac. The function of the storage sac is discussed in rela-tion of the sperm development and the seasonal change.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.291-293
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• 2015

Anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms sometimes present with visual symptoms when they rupture or directly compress the optic nerve. Giant or large ACoA aneurysms producing bitemporal hemianopsia are extremely rare. Here we present an unusual case of bitemporal hemianopsia caused by a large intracranial aneurysm of the ACoA. A 41-year-old woman was admitted to our neurosurgical department with a sudden-onset bursting headache and visual impairment. On admission, her vision was decreased to finger counting at 30 cm in the left eye and 50 cm in the right eye, and a severe bitemporal hemianopsia was demonstrated on visual field testing. A brain computed tomography scan revealed a subarachnoid hemorrhage at the basal cistern, and conventional cerebral catheter angiography of the left internal carotid artery demonstrated an $18{\times}8mm$ dumbbell-shaped aneurysm at the ACoA. Microscopic aneurysmal clipping was performed. An ACoA aneurysm can produce visual field defects by compressing the optic chiasm or nerves. We emphasize that it is important to diagnose an aneurysm through cerebrovascular study to prevent confusing it with pituitary apoplexy.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.1543-1548
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• 2005

Two isostructural new alkaline earth germanium nitrides, $Sr_6Ge_5N_2\;and\;Ba_6Ge_5N_2$, were obtained as single crystals from constituent elements in molten Na. They both crystallize in space group $P_{mmn}$ (No. 59) with a = 4.0007(8), b = 17.954(3), c = 9.089(2) $\AA$, Z = 2, and a = 4.1620(2), b = 18.841(1), c = 9.6116(5) $\AA$, Z = 2, for $Sr_6Ge_5N_2\;and\;Ba_6Ge_5N_2$, respectively. Their crystal structure contains features for both Zintl and nitride phases: zigzag anionic chain of $_{\infty}Ge^{2-}$, and dumbbell-shaped bent anion of ${GeN_2}^{4-}$. Counter cations of Sr or Ba wrap these anionic units in a channel-like arrangement. Unlike in other germanium nitrides, bond lengths of both Ge-N arms of the ${GeN_2}^{4-}$, are same in $Sr_6Ge_5N_2\;and\;Ba_6Ge_5N_2$.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2024

An 8-year-old, spayed female Persian cat weighing 3.6 kg presented with a lumbosacral mass and bilateral weight bearing hindlimb lameness. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a dumbbell-shaped heterogeneous mass extending through the internal surface of the ileum and surrounding the lumbosacral junction. CT also revealed extensive osteoproliferation and bone lysis of the sacrum, but no evidence of any pulmonary metastasis. Furthermore, MRI revealed a focal area in the spinal cord showing connection with the adjacent tumor, suggesting tumor invasion into the spinal cord. Low-grade myxoid chondrosarcoma was histopathologically diagnosed. This is the first report describing CT and MRI findings of spinal cord chondrosarcoma in veterinary medicine. This study suggests that combining CT with MRI is a more sensitive tool for evaluating spinal tumors than using CT or MRI alone.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 고조파 제거 특성을 갖는 DGS 형태의 CPW 저역 통과 여파기를 설계하였다. 서로 다른 불요응답 특성을 갖는 2개의 저역 통과 여파기를 설계하고 결합하여 불요 응답을 -15 dB 이하로 줄일 수 있었다. 추가적으로 아령 모양의 DGS를 설계하여 여파기와 결합함으로써 -25 dB 이하의 우수한 불요 응답제거 특성을 얻을 수 있었다. 제작된 여파기는 $17.2mm\times6.8mm$의 작은 크기로, 6 GHz의 차단 주파수를 가지며, 2개의 감쇄극을 갖는 7차의 급격한 감쇄 특성을 나타내었다. 측정된 주파수 특성 결과는 시뮬레이션 결과와 잘 일치하였다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.924-931
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• 2002

본 논문에서, 기존의 λ/4 전원 전송선로의 접지면에 아령 모양의 DGS(Defected Ground Structure)를 추가한 새로운 형태의 λ/4 전원 전송선로를 제안하였다. DGS A/4 전원 전송선로는 높은 특성 임피던스 값을 유지하면서, 기존의 전원 선로보다 폭은 더 넓어지고 길이는 더 짧아졌다. 제안된 전원 선로가 신호 전송선로에 부착되면, 2차 고조파 성분뿐만 아니라 3차 고조파 성분 역시 감쇄시킬 수 있다. 증폭기에서 고조파 감쇄 특성을 갖는다면, 효율과 선형성이 개선되어진다. 제안된 전원 선로는 IMT-2000 기지국 송신 대역 전력 증폭기에 적용하였다. 본 논문에서는 제안된 새로운 DGS 구조 λ/4 전원 선로를 이용한 전력 증폭기의 검증을 위해, DGS 시뮬레이션과 실험 결과들을 제시하였다. 실험 결과, 기존의 구조에 비해 3차 고조파 성분은 26.5 dB 감쇄되었고, 효율은 약 9.1% 정도 향상되었으며, 3차 혼변조 왜곡 특성은 4.5 dB 개선되었다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.284-288
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• 2014

A rare case of atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation occurred after pediatric cervical spine surgery performed to remove a dumbbell-shaped meningioma at the level of the C1/C2 vertebrae. This case is classified as a post-surgical atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation, but has a very rare morphology that has not previously been reported. Although there are several reports about post-surgical atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation, an important point of this case is that it might be directly related to the spinal cord surgery in C1/C2 level. On day 6 after surgery, the patient presented with the Cock Robin position, and a computed tomography scan revealed a normal type of atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation. Manual reduction was performed followed by external fixation with a neck collar. About 7 months after the first surgery, the subluxation became severe, irreducible, and assumed an atypical form where the anterior tubercle of C1 migrated to a cranial position, and the posterior tubercle of C1 and the occipital bone leaned in a caudal direction. The pathogenic process suggested deformity of the occipital condyle and bilateral C2 superior facets with atlantooccipital subluxation. A second operation for reduction and fixation was performed, and the subluxation was stabilized by posterior fixation. We encountered an unusual case of a refractory subluxation that was associated with an atypical deformity of the upper spine. The case was successfully managed by posterior fixation.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.117-121
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• 2010

PURPOSE. The present study was intended to evaluate the effect of soldering techniques with infrared ray and gas torch under different gap distances (0.3 mm and 0.5 mm) on the tensile strength and surface porosity formation in Ni-Cr base metal alloy. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty five dumbbell shaped Ni-Cr alloy specimens were prepared and assigned to 5 groups according to the soldering method and the gap distance. For the soldering methods, gas torch (G group) and infrared ray (IR group) were compared and each group was subdivided by corresponding gap distance (0.3 mm: G3 and IR3, 0.5 mm: G5, IR5). Specimens of the experimental groups were sectioned in the middle with a diamond disk and embedded in solder blocks according to the predetermined distance. As a control group, 7 specimens were prepared without sectioning or soldering. After the soldering procedure, a tensile strength test was performed using universal testing machine at a crosshead speed 1 mm/min. The proportions of porosity on the fractured surface were calculated on the images acquired through the scanning electronic microscope. RESULTS. Every specimen of G3, G5, IR3 and IR5 was fractured on the solder joint area. However, there was no significant difference between the test groups (P > .05). There was a negative correlation between porosity formation and tensile strength in all the specimens in the test groups (P < .05). CONCLUSION. There was no significant difference in ultimate tensile strength of joints and porosity formations between the gas-oxygen torch soldering and infrared ray soldering technique or between the gap distance of 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.290-295
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• 2016

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of paracetic acid (PAA) and ozone disinfection on the tensile bond strength (TBS) of silicone-based resilient liners to acrylic resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS. One hundred and twenty dumbbell shaped heat-polymerized acrylic resins were prepared. From the mid segment of the specimens, 3 mm of acrylic were grinded off and separated parts were reattached by resilient liners. The specimens were divided into 2 control (control1, control7) and 4 test groups of PAA and ozone disinfection (PAA1, PAA7, ozone1 and ozone7; n=10). While control groups were immersed in distilled water for 10 min (control1) and 7 days (control7), test groups were subjected to PAA (16 g/L) or ozone rich water (4 mg/L) for 1 cycle (10 min for PAA and 60 min for ozone) per day for 7 days prior to tensile tests. Measurements of the TBS were analyzed using 3-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test. RESULTS. Adhesive strength of Mollosil decreased significantly by application of ozone disinfection. PAA disinfection had no negative effect on the TBS values of Mollosil and Molloplast B to acrylic resin. Single application of ozone disinfection did not have any negative effect on TBS values of Molloplast B, but prolonged exposure to ozone decreased its adhesive strength. CONCLUSION. The adhesion of resilient liners to acrylic was not adversely affected by PAA disinfection. Immersion in ozonated water significantly decreased TBS of Mollosil. Prolonged exposure to ozone negatively affects adhesion of Molloplast B to denture base materials.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.460-463
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• 2004

종격동에 발생한 혈관종은 전체 종격동 종양의 0.5% 미만을 차지할 정도로 드문 질환이다. 후종격동에 발생한 혈관종의 경우는 전종격동에 비해 더 드문 것으로 알려져 있다. 환자는 21세 여자로 단순흉부 방사선촬영상 후종격동에 비정상적인 음영을 보여 본원으로 전원되어 시행한 흉부 전산화 단층촬영과 흉추 자기공명 영상촬영에서 척수 경막까지 도달되어 있는 아령모양의 후종격동 종양 소견을 보였다. 이에 수술적 절제를 시행하였고 병리 조직학적 검사결과 3${\times}$4${\times}$2 cm의 모세혈관상 혈관종의 소견이 관찰되었다.