• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.147-148
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• 2014

This article describes an investigation of flame stability characteristics with various compositions of synthetic natural gas (SNG) in dual swirl combustor. The objective of this study is to investigate the flame stabilization, flame structure, fuel compatibility using chemiluminescence measurement in SNG with varying fuel compositions. As experimental conditions, hydrogen content was adjusted from 0 to 11%. Experimental results show that the addition of hydrogen has a major effect on flame behavior due to the higher burning rates associated with hydrogen consequently, The higher reaction activity of hydrogen has extended lean blow-off limit. Especially, DI flame limit has improved more 12.1%.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.62-70
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• 2018

Background: The craniocervical flexion (CCF) exercise is one of the effective exercise in correcting forward head posture (FHP). However, some people with FHP achieve CCF with compensatory movements, for example, low cervical flexion using superficial neck flexors such as the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle. No study has yet investigated whether a dual­pres ure biofeedback unit (D-PBU) method to prevent low cervical flexion would be helpful in performing pure CCF movement. Objects: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of the CCF using D-PBU method and the traditional CCF method on the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the longus colli muscle (LCM) and the activity of SCM muscle in subjects with FHP. Methods: Twenty­four FHP subjects (male: 16, female: 8) were recruited for this study. All subjects performed CCF using two different methods: the traditional CCF method and the CCF using D-PBU method. The CSA of the LCM was measured via ultrasound, and surface electromyography was used to measure SCM muscle activity. Results: The change in CSA of the LCM was significantly larger during the CCF using D-PBU method ($1.28{\pm}.09$) compared with the traditional CCF method ($1.19{\pm}.08$) (p<.05). The SCM muscle activity using the CCF using D-PBU method ($2.01{\pm}1.97$ %MVIC) was significantly lower than when using the traditional CCF method ($2.79{\pm}2.32$ %MVIC) (p<.05). Conclusion: The CCF using D-PBU method can be recommended for increasing LCM activation and decreasing SCM muscle activity during CCF movement in subjects with FHP.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.617-623
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• 2006

In our ongoing search for bioactive compounds originating from the endemic species in Korea, we found that the hexane and EtOAc fractions of the MeOH extract from the root of Dystaenia takeshimana (Nakai) Kitagawa (Umbelliferae) showed cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5- lipoxygenase (5-LOX) dual inhibitory activity by assessing their effects on the production of prostaglandin $D_2\;(PGD_2)$ and leukotriene $C_4\;(LTC_4)$ in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. By activity-guided fractionation, five coumarins, viz. psoralen (2), xanthotoxin (3), scopoletin (4), umbelliferone (5), and (+)-marmesin (6), together with ${\beta}-sitosterol$ (1), were isolated from the hexane fraction, and two phenethyl alcohol derivatives, viz. 2-methoxy-2-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol (7) and 2-hydroxy-2-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol (8), three flavonoids, viz. apigenin (9), luteolin (10), and cynaroside (11), as well as daucosterol (12) were isolated from the EtOAc fraction using silica gel column chromatography. In addition, D-mannitol (13) was isolated from the BuOH fraction by recrystallization. Two of the coumarins, scopoletin (4) and (+)- marmesin (6), the two phenethyl alcohol derivatives (7, 8) and the three flavonoids (9-11) were isolated for the first time from this plant. Among the compounds isolated from this plant, the five coumarins as well as the three flavonoids showed COX-2/5-LOX dual inhibitory activity. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity of D. takeshimana might in part occur via the inhibition of the generation of eicosanoids.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.115-121
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to measure F-18 FDG with two different types of dose calibrator measuring radionuclide and radioactivity and investigate the effect of F-18 FDG on SUV (Standard Uptake Value) in human body. Materials and Methods: Two different dose calibrators used in this study are CRC-15 Dual PET (Capintec) and CRC-15R (Capintec). Inject 1 mL, 2 mL, 3 mL of F-18 FDG into three 2 mL syringes, respectively, and measure initial radioactivity from each dose calibrator. Then measure and record radioactivity at 30 minute interval for 270 minutes. According to the initial radioactivity, linearity between decay factor driven from radioactive decay formula and the values measured by dose calibrator have been analyzed by simple linear regression. Fine linear regression line optimizing values measured with CRC-15 through regression analysis on the basis of the volume of which the measured value is close to the most ideal one in CRC-15 Dual PET. Create ROI on lung, liver, and region part of 50 persons who has taken PET/CT test, applying values from linear regression equation, and find SUV. We have also performed paired t-test to examine statistically significant difference in the radioactivity measured with CRC-15 Dual PET, CRC-15R and its SUV. Results: Regression analysis of radioactivity measured with CRC-15 Dual PET and CRC-15R shows results as follows: in the case 1 mL, the r statistic representing correlation was 0.9999 and linear regression equation was y=1.0345x+0.2601; in 2 mL case, r=0.9999, linear regression equation y=1.0226x+0.1669; in 3 mL case, r=0.9999, linear regression equation y=1.0094x+0.1577. Based on the linear regression equation from each volume, t-test results show significant difference in SUV of ROI in lung, liver, region part in all three case. P-values in each case are as follows: in 1 mL case, lung, liver and region (p<0.0001); in 2 mL case, lung (p<0.002), liver and region (p<0.0001); in 3 mL case, lung (p<0.044), liver and region (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Radioactivity measured with CRC-15 Dual PET, CRC-15R, dose calibrator for F-18 FDG test, do not show difference correlation, while these values infer that SUV has significant differences in the aspect of uptake in human body. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the difference of SUV in human body when using these dose calibrator.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.711-718
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dual-task training on balance and upper extremity function with chronic stroke. For seventeen persons with chronic stroke, we executed dual-task training for 4 weeks, five times per week, and 30 minutes each time. Before and after the dual-task training, the patients were tested with Berg Balance Scale(BBS) and BTS FreeEMG 300(BTS FreeEMG 300, BTS, Italy). After the dual-task training, the subjects showed significant changes in the score of BBS(p<.05). And, the subjects' shoulder and elbow movement had negative values of change after the intervention, indicating that there was a positive change. The results of this study show that dual-task training for persons with chronic stroke is a useful therapeutic approach by enhancing the their quality of life through improving balance and upper extremity function.

• BMB Reports
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• v.48 no.10
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• pp.589-594
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• 2015

The shadow enhancer of the short gastrulation (sog) gene directs its sequential expression in the neurogenic ectoderm and the ventral midline of the developing Drosophila embryo. Here, we characterize three unusual features of the shadow enhancer midline activity. First, the minimal regions for the two different enhancer activities exhibit high overlap within the shadow enhancer, meaning that one developmental enhancer possesses dual enhancer activities. Second, the midline enhancer activity relies on five Single-minded (Sim)-binding sites, two of which have not been found in any Sim target enhancers. Finally, two linked Dorsal (Dl)- and Zelda (Zld)-binding sites, critical for the neurogenic ectoderm enhancer activity, are also required for the midline enhancer activity. These results suggest that early activation by Dl and Zld may facilitate late activation via the noncanonical sites occupied by Sim. We discuss a model for Zld as a pioneer factor and speculate its role in midline enhancer activity.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.579-584
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• 1999

Several oxazolidinones having amine moiety were prepared to form a quaternay ammonium salt with cephalosporin nucleus, and antibacterial activity of the quaternary ammonium cephalosporin derivatives bearing oxazolidinone moiety were examined particularly with expectation of dual activity. However, the cephalosporin-oxazolidinone compounds revealed rather weaker antibacterial activity in vitro than their parent oxazolidinone and cephalosporin without showing any characteristic activity as expected.

• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.89-94
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• 2021

Forty-three (n = 43) endophytic fungi with different morphologic characteristics were from a medicinal plant Sceletium tortuosum, were utilized to investigate their antifungal effectiveness against pathogenic fungi. All fungal isolates exhibited antifungal activity against one or more pathogens in the dual culture test whereas only 33 fungal culture filtrates (77%) showed decent antifungal effect. Fusaria and Aspergillus were the dominate genus that displayed significant antifungal activity. Isolates GG02, GG09, ND15, and ND17 showed the broadest spectrum of antifungal activity. Furthermore, culture filtrate of Fusarium sp. DR08 exhibited a broad range of antifungal activity against all the pathogens. The results suggest endophytic fungi isolated from medicinal plant might be a source of novel bioactive molecules. To the best our knowledge, this is the first report on endophytic fungi isolated from native kougoed exhibiting antifungal activity against plant fungal pathogens.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.281-286
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• 2010

A Pseudomonas fluorescens strain was isolated and found to show antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic fungi and to possess a gene responsible for production of antibiotic 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol. For the extension of biocontrol range, a gene for an Androetonus australis Hector insect toxin 1 (AaHIT1), one of the most known toxic insect-selective peptides, was designed and synthesized according to the preferred codon usage of Pseudomonas fluorescens, cloned, and transformed into the strain by pSUP106 vector, a broad-host-range plasmid. Bioassays indicated that the engineered strain was able to produce AaHIT1 with insecticidal activity, and at the same time retain the activity against plant pathogen. The experiments for nonplanted soil and rhizosphere colonization showed that, similar to the population of the wild-type strain, that of the engineered strain remained relatively constant in the first 10 days, and the subsequent 50 days, suggesting that AaHIT1 expression in the bacterial cell does not substantially impair its long-term colonization. It is first reported that a Pseudomonas fluorescens strain expressing an active scorpion neurotoxin has dual activity against phytopathogenic fungi and insects, making at attractive for agronomic applications.

• Mycobiology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.234-242
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• 2013

A total of 62 bacterial isolates were obtained from Gomsohang mud flat, Mohang mud flat, and Jeju Island, Republic of Korea. Among them, the isolate CNU114001 showed significant antagonistic activity against pathogenic fungi by dual culture method. The isolate CNU114001 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by morphological observation and molecular data analysis, including 16SrDNA and gyraseA (gyrA) gene sequences. Antifungal substances of the isolate were extracted and purified by silica gel column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, and high performance liquid chromatography. The heat and UV ray stable compound was identified as iturin, a lipopeptide (LP). The isolate CNU114001 showed broad spectrum activity against 12 phytopathogenic fungi by dual culture method. The semi purified compound significantly inhibits the mycelial growth of pathogenic fungi (Alternaria panax, Botrytis cinera, Colletotrichum orbiculare, Penicillium digitatum, Pyricularia grisea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) at 200 ppm concentration. Spore germ tube elongation of Botrytis cinerea was inhibited by culture filtrate of the isolate. Crude antifungal substance showed antagonistic activity against cucumber scleotiorum rot in laboratory, and showed antagonistic activity against tomato gray mold, cucumber, and pumpkin powdery mildew in greenhouse condition.