• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 1999

The treatment of petroleum contaminated soil requires various physico-chemical remediation technologies which are efficient in time and can reduce the possibility of secondary contamination by themselves In this study, an innovated soil washing process was proposed to treat the diesel-contaminated soil. Micro-bubbles, which were generated by hydrogen peroxide, deserted and floated the contaminants. Soils less than #60(0.25mm) were artificially contaminated by 6,500mg TPH/kg dry soil initially. The process was examined for pH, the soil to water mixing ratio, concentration of $H_2O$$_2$, and contacting times. In the case of less than #60 soil, maximum removal efficiency(60%) was obtained at pH 12. 1.0% hydrogen peroxide, and 1 : 5 soil to water mixing ratio for 1 hour.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.314-326
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• 2013

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effects of Dansam and Sappan wood extract to perform combination dyeing on silk fabrics, with respect to color changes, fastness (washing, dry cleaning, perspiration, rubbing and light fastness), and functionality (antibacterial activity and deodorization). Combination dyeing was performed by first combining Dansam with Sappan wood, then Sappan wood with Dansam, in these orders. Given the changes in the combination ratio, pre-mordant treatment was performed. Looking at the surface colors of each dye, Dansam generally produces YR color series, while Sappan wood produces YR, R, and RP color series. The effects of changing the order in which combination dying was performed on the surface colors were as follows. First, combination dyeing (A) was performed by using Dansam before Sappan wood, to produce YR and R color series. Then combination dyeing (B) was performed by using Sappan wood before Dansam, to produce YR, R, and RP color series. By visual inspections, more similar color changes of the combination dyeing were noticed with the post-dyeing material rather than the pre-dyeing material. Therefore, it was presumably confirmed that surface color changes of combination dyeing were greatly influenced by the post-dyeing color. Individual dyeing tests for fastness showed that Dansam was comparatively superior to Sappan wood, which demonstrated lower fastness to washing, dry cleaning, perspiration, and light, relatively. The fastness of combination dyed samples was shown middle, but similar fastness to the post-dye material, The fastness of (B) method was higher than (A) method in the washing and light fastness. This confirms that color fastness from combination dyeing was considerably influenced by the post-dye material. It was found that all dyed samples had a very high bacterial reduction rate of 99.9% and high deodorization rate of 95%.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.216-220
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• 1998

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of some seed pretreatments on seed germination, emergence, growth and yield of Bupleurum falcatum L. Seed treatments included stratification in open-field during winter, washing with running water, low temperature storage, soaking into $H_2SO_4$ solution, and scarification. Germination increased 15% by stratification and 9% by washing treatment compared to non-treatment, control. It was suggested that washing treatment leached inhibiting substance, while stratification treatment leached inhibiting substance and promoted growth of immatured embryo. In the field mulched with rice straw, stratification and washing treatments were effective to shorten days to emergence by 31 and 21 days and to increase emergence rate by 7 and 5 %, respectively, compared with control. By these two treatments, root growth was improved, the number of harvested plants was increased considerably and dry root yield per ha were increased by 29 and 22 %, respectively, compared with control.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.621-630
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• 2013

This study, after education for nursing students through texts on hand washing, PPT materials and practices, will investigated the types of the subjects' attitude toward hand washing and attempt to provide basic data needed for nursing education and nursing practice program. As the methods of this research, Q methodology was applied, and 20 sophomores in the Department of Nursing Science as P-sample from October 8, 2012 to October 15, 2012 were asked to distribute Q-sample of 9-point Q-sample distribution, and the collected data were processed with principal factor analysis method by the PC QUANL program. As a result of the research, their attitude toward hand washing was classified into 3 types. The three factors extracted all had eigenvalues greater than 1.0 and explained approximately 56.67% of the variation in responses 40.41%, 10.14% and 6.11% respectively. Type 1 was the ones with the increased number of hand washing; Type 2 was the ones who recognize the need of hand washing education; and Type 3 was the ones who dry hands after washing. In conclusion, the significance of the classification of the types of the attitude after the hand washing education is that with the development of programmes of nursing education and nursing practice, individualized intervention strategies should be differently provided.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.49-55
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• 2011

Recently, various efforts to make more speedy and precision machine tool to improve productivity and also various efforts to solve environmental problem are going on, so that dry cutting in manufacturing industry, which needs environmental conscious design and development of manufacturing technique, is becoming a very important assignment to solve. Because dry cutting does not use cutting fluid, we need other methods that can be used instead of cutting fluid, which does cooling, lubricating, chip washing, and anti-corrosion. Especially, because turning is a continuous work, the consideration of tool life and surface roughness due to continuous heat and poor lubrication is important. The purposes of this paper are the consideration of how well the compressed air can work instead of cutting fluid, and also the development of the method to select the optimum machining condition by the minimum numbers of experiments through the Taguchi method.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.206-208
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• 2008

Adenocarcinomas with micropapillary patterns are generally aggressive and show lymphotropism. Only a few reports on pulmonary adenocarcinoma with micropapillary patterns have described cytologic findings. A 70-year-old Korean woman was admitted to the hospital because of intermittent dry cough and chest pain. Cytology after bronchial washing showed neoplastic cells in small, angulated, cohesive clusters consisting of 3-20 cells without a fibrovascular core. The resected right middle lobe showed a tumor occupying almost the entire lobe. Histologically, about 90% of neoplastic cells proliferated with micro papillary morphology in the background of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Cytologic smears of a bronchial washing showing tumor cells in small, cohesive clusters without a fibrovascular core may indicate an adenocarcinoma with micropapillary pattern.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.14
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• pp.94-108
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• 1993

The cultural properties of cloth are of animal orgin (silk), or of vegetable orgin(cotton, hemp, ramie). As clothes are of an orginic material, they were subjected to damage by chemical, phisigical or biological factors, viz, moulds insects, lights, humidity and temperature changes, etc. And these factors promote that clothes generally result from various types of deterioration. In 1992, We were performed the conservation treatments for total 9 pieces of cloth, such as 3 pieces of General PAK SHIN-RYONG(Important Folklore Material No.110) 3 pieces of Madam Jung(Important Folklore Material No.115) and 1 piece of King Se-jo(Important Folklore Material No.219). The procedure of the conservation treatment for clothes describe the following below. 1) The washing and dry-cleaning to remove the contaminated substances from cloth was used 0.2% stearyl potassium soap solution and the mixture solution compound of n-Hexane, C6H14. and n-Decane, C10H22. And after the washing and dry-cleaning, the dry of clothes was carried out in a warm condition. These steps were repeated in 2 times over for each cloth. 2) The repair of clothes was attached the similar textiles to stronger fabric linings by needlework.3) The reprodution was made for cloth of King Se-jo to equalize the type, color, quality and skill of materials. 4) After these above procedures, all clothes fumigated to prevent the biodeterioration by using the mixed gas of methyl bromide and ethylene oxide as insecticide and fungicide. 5) Finally for the purpose to keep in a safety long-term condition, the treated clothes sealed with Biaxially Oriented Polyvinylacohol Film(BO-PVA film) and Helium, purity 99.999%, filled up in sealed BO-PVA film bag.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.992-1001
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• 1996

The binding of polyethylene glycol (PEG, average molecular weight 600) to cotton fabrics was achieved by using pad-dry-cure process in the presence of citric acid, MgCl3·6H3O, DMDHEU, and TEAHCL. Treated fabrics were dyed with direct, acid, and basic dye. Wrinkle recovery angles, durable press rate, wettability, dyeability and color fastness to washing of all treated cottons were evaluated. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The wrinkle resistance of the PEG treated cottons was increased by increasing PEG and DMDHEU concentration. 2. The wettability of the PEG treated cottons was decreased by increasing PEG and DMDHEU concentration, increased by increasing TEAHCL concentration. 3. PEG/DMDHEU/TEAHCL treated cottons had greater affinity on direct, acid, and basic dye than untreated cottons, and dyeability of the modified cottons was improved compare to untreated fabrics. 4. Color fastness to washing of the PEG/DMDHEU/TEAHCL treated cottons was good except for the wash fastness of the direct dye.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.241-248
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• 2019

In this study, improving the wash and rubbing fastness of a natural coloring matter from Madder extract dyed on Tencel nonwoven. The cationic finishing agent(RBP), nonionic finishing agent(HPX) and mordant(PAW) were used to improving the color fastness. The two types(exhaustion and pad-dry-cure) finishing process were investigated with various finishing agent concentration. The color strength, wash and rubbing fastness of Tencel nonwoven dyed with Madder extract have been evaluated by various dye concentration and finishing agent. The exhaustion process treated with the cationic finishing agent(RBP) was effective to improving washing and rubbing fastness.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.13-25
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• 1971

During a period from October 1st to November 15th in 1971, We made a survey on hygienic status of kitchen utensils used at 270 college student's home in 9 districts of Seoul city. The results obtained could be summarized as follows. In bacteriological study on the kitchen utensils 20.7% of them revealed contaminations with general bacterial counts of over 100/m1 and 20.0% of them with coliform bacteria. It was probable that degrees of bacterial contamination of the kitchen utensils were chiefly attributable to levels of education of housewives and living standard of individual household. Factors that were presumed to be directly responsible for the contamination were sources and storage of water and methods of washing the utensils. One of the major sources of contamination was derived from the use of a piece of cloth (Hangjoo) to wipe up the utensils after soashing. Hygienic treatment of Hangjoo in urgently needed. Otherwise, it is desirable not to used the Hangjoo and leave the utensils dry after washing them with boiling water.