• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제65권3호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2023

The compaction properties of the soil change depending on the physical properties, and are also affected by crushing of the particles. Since the particle size distribution of soil affects the engineering properties of the soil, it is necessary to analyze the material properties to understand the compaction characteristics. In this study, the size of each sieve was classified into four in the particle size analysis as a material property, and the compaction characteristics were evaluated by multiple regression and maximum dry unit weight. As a result of maximum dry unit weight prediction, multiple regression analysis showed R² of 0.70 or more, and DNN analysis showed R² of 0.80 or more. The reliability of the prediction result analyzed by DNN was evaluated higher than that of multiple regression, and the analysis result of DNN-T showed improved prediction results by 1.87% than DNN. The prediction of maximum dry unit weight using particle size distribution seems to be applied to evaluate the compacting state by identifying the material characteristics of roads and embankments. In addition, the particle size distribution can be used as a parameter for predicting maximum dry unit weight, and it is expected to be of great help in terms of time and cost of applying it to the compaction state evaluation.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.301-310
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• 2006

A series of laboratory tests was carried out for analyzing compaction characteristics of hydraulic fill soils(or hydraulically filled soils). Hydraulic fill soils were settled down by the weight of soil particle itself in water and consolidated by the extraction of water from the soil structures. Water content and dry unit weight were observed as the depth of sedimentation and consolidation soil. It was found from the result that the optimum water content $(W_{cpt})$ of the maximum unit weight$(\gamma_{dmax})$ is higher than that of laboratory compaction test(KS F 2312 A method). It was due to difference in compaction energy and compaction effect between two methods. And the maximum dry unit of hydraulic fill soil is smaller than that of laboratory compaction test. Especially in terms of compaction effect, the maximum relative compaction degrees$(R_{cmax})$ of Seamangum dredged sand, river sand and mixed sand, half and half of dredged and river sands, were 85%, 91% and 86%, respectively. It means that the compaction effect can be $85\sim91%$ of the maximum unit weight in laboratory compaction test.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2006

국내 노상토의 변형특성에 대한 건조단위중량과 함수비의 영향을 평가하고자 4종의 노상토에 대해 다양한 함수비 및 건조단위중량 조건에서 공진주/비틂전단시험을 수행하였다. 건조단위중량은 탄성계수는 물론 정규화탄성계수 감소곡선 모두에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 정규화 탄성계수는 다짐도가 5% 증가함에 따라 약 20% 감소하였다. 국내 노상토의 탄성계수는 함수비가 $\pm$2% 변화 범위에서 40% 이상 변화하였으며. 지수모델을 적용하여 평가 할 수 있는 것으로 판단된다. 그러나 정규화탄성 계수 감소곡선은 함수비의 영향을 받지 않았다. 또한, 탄성 계수에 대한 하중주파수 및 구속응력의 영향 특성은 시편의 건조단위중량과 함수비 변화에 거의 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 나타나 서로 독립적인 요소로 고려할 수 있음을 알았다.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제26권B호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2006

A sensitivity analysis about effects of influencing factors on the stability of Soil cut slope was performed. Slope stability analyses were carried out under dry, rainy and seismic conditions. Dominant factors controlling the slope stability were chosen such as cohesion and internal friction angle, unit weight of soil, water table and seismic horizontal coefficient used for the slope stability during earthquake. Parametric stability analysis with those factors was performed for sensitivity analysis. As results of analyzing the sensitivity of factors under dry and rainy conditions, effects of cohesion, internal friction angle and unit weight of soil on the stability of slope are more critical in the dry condition than in the rainy condition. Cohesion and internal friction angle are more dominant factors influencing the slope stability irrespective of dry or rainy conditions than unit weight of soil and the horizontal seismic coefficient. The unit weight and the horizontal seismic coefficient affects crucially the stability according to conditions of slope formation and dry or rainy seasons. For the effect of horizontal seismic coefficient on stability of slope, safety factor of slope is not affected significantly by dry or rainy conditions. However, increase of the horizontal seismic coefficient under the rainy condition floes reduce the safety factor significantly rather than the dry condition. Therefore, it is needed that the location of the water table is assigned appropriately to satisfy the required safety factor of stability in the case of checking slope stability for the rainy and seismic conditions.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2004

최대건조단위중량은 노상토 재료 특성으로서 매우 중요한 인자이다. 최대건조단위중량을 예측하는 기존의 모델들은 많은 변수를 포함하고 있어 다소 복잡해 보인다 본 논문에서는 사질토의 최대건조단위중량을 예측할 수 있는 간편한 식을 제안하였다. 이를 위해 36개 시료를 체분석하여 입도분포를 구하고, 다짐시험 한 후 그 결과를 회귀 분석하였다. 제안식은 변수로 노상토의 기하평균과 기하표준편차 또는 입도분포계수를 포함한다. 제안식의 검증을 위해 전국16개 지역의 채취 시료에 대한 최대건조단위중량의 실측치와 예측치를 비교한 결과 잘 맞는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• ALGAE
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2003

In order to examine the effects of deep seawater (mesopelagic water in the broad sense) on the growth of macroalgae, the growth and nutrient uptake (nitrate and phosphate) of Ulva sp. (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) were investigated by cultivation in deep seawater (taken from 687 m depth at Yaizu, central Japan, in August 2001), surface seawater (taken from 24 m depth), and a combination of the two. Culture experiments were carried out in a continuous water supply system and an intermittent water supply system, in which aerated 500-mL flasks with 4 discs of Ulva sp. (cut sections of ca. 2 $cm_2$) were cultured at 20$^{\circ}C$ water temperature, 100 $\mu$mol photons $m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ light intensity, and a 14:10 light:dark cycle. Nutrient uptake by Ulva sp. was high in all seawater media in both culture systems. The frond area, dry weight, chlorophyll a content, dry weight per unit area, and chlorophyll a content per unit area of Ulva sp. at the end of the experimental period were the highest in deep seawater and the lowest in surface seawater in both culture systems. These values, except for dry weight per unit area and chlorophyll a content per unit area, for each seawater media in the intermittent water supply system were higher than those in the continuous water supply system. We conclude that not only deep seawater as the culture medium but also the seawater supply system is important for effective cultivation of macroalgae.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.181-185
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• 2000

This study was carried out to see whether Gastrophysa viridula (Degeer) (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae) could be used as a biological control agent for Rumex obtusifolius L., with human manipulation of the beetle population. The study was consisted of three experimental sets : Wet-Dry experiment (the wet weight Vs dry weight relationship of Rumex obtusifolius L.), Greenhouse feeding experiment, and Field experiment. There was a significant correlation between the total wet and dry weight of Rumex obtusifolius as follows : Total dry weight : -0.23542+ (0.17514${\times}$Total wet weight) ($R^2$=0.9317, p=0.047, T=16.927 (dF=21)). In the Greenhouse feeding experiment, the result was very promising. The relationship between the density unit of the beetles and the growth of the plant is given below (20 day) : Plant growth =105.8+(-34.4${\times}$Density unit) ($R^2$=0.76, p=0.13). A repeated introduction of the beetle population into the field vegetation of R. obtusifolius from April to October is suggested to see the beetle's grazing ability on the plant. This study shows that the potential grazing power of the beetle on Rumex obtusifolius was enough to defoliate the plants, but it was able to recover from its root reserves. The practical question remains as to whether repeated additions (by man) of the beetles to Rumex obtusifolius could eliminate them.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.950-957
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• 2023

연구목적:강한 독성을 보유하고 있는 유류 오염물의 유출에 따른 확산을 미연에 방지할 수 있도록 사전 대응 기술이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 개발된 반응재료의 공학적 특성을 예측하기 위한 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 연구방법:반응재료에 대한 다짐시험 및 분광정보 획득 실험을 실시하였으며, 각각의 시험 및 실험 결과를 평가하였다. 그리고 반응재료의 공학적 특성 예측 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 분광정보와 최대건조단위중량의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 연구결과:다짐시험 결과, 최대건조단위중량은 약 9kN/m³ ~ 10kN/m³ 범위로 확인되었다. 그리고 분광정보 획득 실험 결과로부터 반응재료의 폴리노보넨 감소에 따른 최대분광반사율은 감소하였다. 결론: 반응재료의 구성성분 비율에 따라 비선형적 관계를 갖는 최대분광반사율과 최대건조단위중량 상관성으로부터 최대분광반사율을 통해 유류 오염물 흡수를 위한 반응재료의 최적량 예측이 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.145-158
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• 2005

육지로 격리된 거리에 따른 갈대의 생육과 지상부의 예취가 익년 갈대생장에 미치는 효과를 규명하기 위해 2000년부터 2001년까지 경기도 화성시 주곡면 호곡리에서 갈대 자연군락을 대상으로 초장과 건중량을 조사하였다. 육지와 접한 지역은, 갈대의 평균밀도는 122.67개체/$m^2$, 평균초장은 100.36 cm, 개체당 평균 건중량은 4.241 g, 단위면적당 건중량은 $537.574g/m^2$이었다. 그리고 해양방향에서 육지방향으로 이행함에 따라 개체의 초장 및 건중량, 단위 면적 당 건중량이 현저히 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 한편, 육지와 격리된 지역은 평균밀도는 102.30개/$m^2$, 평균초장은 43.894 cm, 개체당 평균 건중량은 0.779 g, 단위면적당 건중량은 $73.495g/m^2$이었다. 또한 해양방향에서 육지방향으로 이행함에 따른 갈대의 초장과 건중량의 변화는 없었다. 예취한 지역에서 익년의 갈대 생장은 예취하지 않은 지역에 비해 초장과 개체당 건중량은 차이가 없었으나 밀도와 단위 면적당 건중량이 현저히 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.492-497
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• 2008

The objective of this research is an investigation of engineering properties of weathered granite soil mixed with Phosphogypsum and recycled EPS beads as an light-weighted soil. A series of geotechnical laboratory tests including physical index test, compaction test, CBR test and direct shear test were performed for various mixing ratios. Based on the laboratory test results, it was found that the maximum dry unit weight of the light weight soil ranges $1.46{\sim}1.61g/cm^3$ and the maximum dry unit weight decreases about 11~19.3% with the increase of amount of the recycled EPS beads and the optimum moisture content increase. Since the CBR values of the light weight soil ranges 10.4~18.4%, the light weight soil mixed with Phosphogypsum and recycled EPS beads can be used as a light weight backfill material on the soft soil.