• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 1997

This experiment was carried out to investigate the growth response of 3 grasses to seed coating with chitosan solution and the attempt was made to estimate adequate seed coating concentrations of chitosan solution in each grass for the growth to be stimulated. Three species used in this experiment were orchardgrass, tall fescue and reed canarygrass. Six different seed coating concentrations of chitosan solution were applied as 0%(control), 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1% and 1.0%, respectively. the results were obtained as follows; 1. Dry weight of tiller(WT), leaf area(LA), dry weight of leaf(LW), dry weight of stem(SW), dry weight of shoot(SHW), biological yield(BY) and C/F ratio were significantly different between species. 2. Number of tillers per plant(NT), dry weight of tiller(WT), dry weight of leaf(LW), dry weight of root(RW), dry weight of shoot(SHW), biological yield(BY) and T/R ration were significantly different between seed coating concentrations of chitosan solution. 3. The adequate seed coating concentrations of chitosan solution for the growth stimulating effect were different between species. The highest values of yield components and dry weight of plant parts were obtained at 1% in orchardgrass and tall fescue, and 0.05% in reed canarygrass, respectively. 4. Growth stimulating effect of seed coating in each species were different. The highest values were obtained in leaf area(LA), dry weight of leaf(LW), dry weight of root(RW), dry weight of shoot(SHW) and dry weight of biological yield(BY) in orchardgrass. The values of dry weight of stem(SW) and C/F ration were highest in reed canarygrass. 5. An increase in number of tillers per plant(NT), dry weight of leaf(LW), dry weight of stem(SW) and dry weight of root(RW) according to seed coating was attributed to the increase in dry weight of shoot(SHW). Among the aboved increasing factors, the dry weight of leaf(LW) was a main factor for the increase in dry weight of shoot(SHW). 6. An increase in dry weight of leaf(LW), dry weight of stem(SW) and dry weight of root(RW) according to seed coating was attributed to the increase in biological yield(BY). Both the dry weight of leaf(LW) and dry weight of root(RW) were main factors for the increase in biological yield(BY).

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.298-302
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• 2005

In order to decide the optimum planting time for Bupleurum falcatum L. which is grown widely in Korea, some experiments were carried out in different regions such as mid-north area (Gangwon-do, Gyeonggi-do and Chungcheongnamdo), mid-south area (Jeollanam-do, Jeollabuk-do, Gyeongsangnam-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do). The mid-south area had the highest total saikosaponin contents of 1.001, which is the medicinal ingredients of Bupleurum falcatum L., in accordance with the different Bupleurum falcatum L. regions. Also this area has the highest extract contents of 24.3%. Average dry root yields in mid-north area (Gangwon-do) were $450{\sim}460$ kg/ha at planting time of March 20th to March 30th, 500 kg/ha at the time of March 30th to April 10th, and $470{\sim}480$ kg/ha at the time of March 10th to March 20th in Chungcheongnam-do. The optimum planting time in the mid-south area (Jeollabuk-do) was March 10th to March 30th with the average dry root yield of $490{\sim}550$ kg/ha. Average dry root yield in Euiseong, Gyeongsangbuk-do area was 470 kg/ha, and the optimum planting time was April 10th, which suggested that the yield increased as the planting time was delayed. At Jeju-do, the volcanic soil of farsouthern area, average dry root yield was 510 kg/ha at the time of March 10th, but the yield from non-volcanic soil was lower than from volcanic soil, which had a dry root yield of 470 kg/ha.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.183-187
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• 2001

In order to obtain basic information for breeding varieties of Alisma plantago which is suitable for the southern part of Korea, nine local varieties were grown and yield components of plant were observed from Jun. 1999 to Dec. 1999 at farm field of Chonnam Sunchon Korea. Alisma plantago cv. Sunwol showed higher dry root yield than the other varieties used in the experiment. It showed relatively higher length of plant height and lower numbers of floral axis. Therefore, it was concluded that Sunwol was the most suitable variety with high yield and low floral axis at the southern part of Korea. The heritabilities of all observed characters were estimated to be large. Dry root yield was shown highly significant positive correlations with plant height and numbers of leaves. Dry root yield, plant height and numbers of leaves were shown negative correlation with number of floral axis and nursery leaves.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.425-430
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• 1987

The present experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of direct sowing time and transplanting culture of Sculellaria baicalensis GEORGE on the grows, the yield and it's components. The results obtained are summarized as fallows; The number of days from seeding to emergence was recognized lineary negative correlation between seeding dates and transplanting dates. Plant height was longest on Apr. 15 Seeding and Apr. 1 transplanting, and was short in the early seeding and transplanting, and the late seeding and transplanting. Stem diameter was thickest on Apr. 15 seeding and Apr. 1 transplanting, and was thin in the early, and the late seeding and trasplanting. Length and dry weight of root were increased on Apr. 15 seeding. In the transplanting date, Length and dry weight of root were increased on Apr.1. Yield of dry root was highest in Apr. 15 seeding date. In the transplanting culture, yield of dry root was highest in Apr.1.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 1995

This study was carried out to find the effects of the mixtures of earthworm cast, peatmoss, and vermiculite as a vegetable plant growth medium on the growth pepper seedlings. The mixed ratios of earthworm cast-peatmoss-vermiculite were 40-20-40, 40-30-30, 40-40-40, 50-20-30, 50-30-20, 60-10-30, 60-20-20 and 60-30-10%. The results of the study are as follows: 1, There was a significant difference of plant length, leaf area, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and biological yield per plant for growth stages and mixed ratios(p<0.05). But there was no significant interactions for both of them. 2. The nursery soil with earthworm cast was generally higher than the control treatment in shoot dry weight, root dry weight adn biological yield per plant. The shoot dry weight and biological yield per plant were high in the treatment including 60% of the earthworm cast to the 3rd week and in the one including 50% from the 4th week. But in root dry weight, the treatment including 40% of it was higher than treatment of the others. 3. The shoot dry weight per plant in treatments consisting both of 40% of earthworm, 40% of peatmoss and 20% of vermiculite and of 60%, 10% and 30% was more significant than that in the control treatment(p<0.05). 4. The average relative growth rates of shoot dry weight, root dry weight and biological yield for all treatments were higher than the ratio of control treatment except the ration of the treatment consisting of 60% of earthworm, 20% of peatmoss and 20% of vermiculite.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 1992

This experiment was carried out to study the biological yields(BY) of varieties by the developmental growth stages and shoot weight(SHW), leaf area(LA), root dry weight(RW), number of tillers(NT), shoot and root ratio(S/R), weight of a tiller(WT) as factors of yield components with 5 varieties of perennial ryegrass. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The biological yields in summer were about 115 of spring yield. 2. The biological yields of Manhattan were the highest until1 third developmental growth stage among perennial ryegrasses, and those for Maprima and P-2 varieties were the highest in the following stages. In terms of shoot dry weight, the similarly tendency appeared in the fifth developmental growth stage. 3. The shoot dry weight increased highly with the root dry weight. 4. The Tempo variety of biological yield was generally low but the weight of a tiller was the highest. 5. The highest increasing stage of biological yields was between fifth and sixth developmental growth stage, but the lowest increasing stage of biological yields was between first and second developmental growth stage, respectively. The dominant factors of biological yields were influenced to shoot and root dry weight.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.338-338
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• 2017

One of the problems in increasing rice production is getting lines or varieties that have high adaptability so that able to produce maximum production in a variety of environmental conditions. One strategy that can be done to get adaptive varieties is through the improvement of native varieties. This research was conducted in rain fed paddy field, Aceh province, Indonesia from June to September 2014. The texture of the soil was clay-loam with the soil pH ranged from 6.5-6.7. Five potential progenies of rice from crossing between native Indonesian rice with introduced rice varieties consist of C3, C4, S3, S5, S6 were used in this study. Besides that, one national rice variety Ciherang also used as a comparison. The plants were growth in the plot with the size of $2m{\times}1.4m$ with plant distance was $20cm{\times}20cm$. The fertilizers used in this study were Urea, NPK, and KCl. Randomized block design with 6 rice progenies/variety and 3 replications were used in this study. There were 18 experimental units and each experimental unit had 10 samples for the sources of data. The variables that were observed in this study including plant height at harvesting time, number of productive tiller, the percentage of empty grains and filled grain per panicle, weight of filled grains per hill, weight of filled grain per plot and yield potential per hectare. Analyzed were also conducted for the depth of root penetration, dry-root weight, dry-shoot weight, shoot-root weight ratio and its correlation with the weight of filled grain per hill. The research results show that there was significant difference on plant height at harvesting time, number of productive tillers, the percentage of empty grains and filled grain per panicle, weight of filled grains per hill, weight of filled grain per plot and yield potential per ha (p>0.01) among the treatments. In addition, depth root penetration, dry-root weight, dry-shoot weight, shoot-root weight ratio also had significant difference (p>0.01) among the treatment. The highest plant at harvesting time was found in S6, reaching 129.8 cm and the shortest plants was found in C3 reaching 107.5 cm. The largest number of productive tillers and the highest percentage of filled grains per panicle were found in Ciherang reaching 10.5 tillers and 80.7% respectively. Ciherang also had the heaviest weight of filled grains per hill and per plot reaching 21.1 g and 2.18 kg respectively. Whereas, S6 had the lowest number of tillers and the lowest percentage of filled grain per panicle.. The highest yield potential per ha was found in Ciherang reaching 7.79 tons. Among the progenies, S5 had the highest yield potential reaching 5 tons/Ha. The result also showed significant relationship between shoot-root weight ratio with weight of filled grains per hill. The highest value of shoot-root weight ratio (1.57) in Ciherang is thought had closed relationship with its yield potential.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.135-140
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• 1989

This experiment was to study the relationship between shoot and root system in perennial ryegrass at different stages of growth. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The dry weight of shoot was significantly correlated with the dry weight of root at both stages of growth. 2. The yield components of shoot and root systems were changed by the stages of growth. Thus, the dry weights of shoot and root were positive correlated with the number of tillers and roots at 60 days after sowing. But, the dry weights of shoot and root were positive correlated with the dry weight of root, the dry weight of tiller, length of plant and length of root at 90 days after sowing. 3. Maprirna variety was obtained a higher dry weights of shoot and root at 60 days after sowing, but, Alta variety was obtained at 90 days after sowing, respectively. 4. The dry weight of shoot was positive correlated with leaf area at both stages of growth. 5. The dry weight of shoot was significantly negative correlated with specific leaf weight at 60 days after sowing, but positive correlated with specific leaf weight at 90 days afikr sowing. 6. The dry weight of root was smcantly positive correlated with leaf area at 60 days after sowing, but not recognized at 90 days after sowing.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 1987

This study was carried out to investigate the relationships and the variations of agronomic characteristics in the shoot and root part of grasses for the basic data of the development, the management and the utilization of pasture in the forest. This study was conducted with 0% (full sunlight), 25%, 50% and 75% of shading degrees after orchardgrass, timothy, perennial ryegrass, ladino clover and orchardgrass dominated mixture were planted on Aug. 25 in 1984. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Dry matter yield in 25% of shading was increased 3-1 7% compared with 0% (full sunlight), while 50 and 75% of shading were decreased 28-35% and 44-60%, respectively. Dry matter yield of timothy, perennial ryegrass and ladino clover were decreased 10, 8 and 33%, respectively, compared with orchardgrass, but there was little difference between orchard grass and mixture. 2. Root distribution by different shading degrees was the maximum at 25%, followed by 0, 50 and 75% of shading degrees. Root distribution among different species was the maximum at orchardgrass, followed by perennial ryegrass and timothy. Especially, root distribution of timothy was very little compared with different species. And significantly positive correlation was observed in the relationship between root weight and dry matter yield (r=0.8 102**). 3. The physiological activity of root by different shading degrees was declined by more shading. 4. The length and the percentage of blade by different shading degrees was an increase tendency by more shading. The length and the percentage of blade among different species was followed by timothy, perennial ryegrass and orchardgrass, in that order. And the correlation between the percentage of blade and dry matter yield was significantly negative.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.534-538
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• 2006

The effects of Rhizobium inoculant, compost, and nitrogen on nodulation, growth, dry matter production, yield attributes, and yield of pea (Pisum sativum) var, IPSA Motorshuti-3 were assessed by a field experiment. Among the treatments Rhizobium inoculant alone performed best in recording number and dry weight of nodules/plant. The highest green seed yield of 8.38 ton/ha (36.9% increase over control) and mature seed yield of 2.97 ton/ha (73.7% increase over control) were obtained by the application of 90 kg N/ha. The effects of 60 kg N/ha, Rhizobium inoculant alone and Rhizobium inoculant along with 5 ton compost/ha were same as the effect of 90 kg N/ha in recording plant height, root length, dry weight of shoot, and root both at preflowering and pod filling stages, number of mature pods/plant, number of mature seeds/pod, 1000-seed weight, green, and mature seed yields of pea.