• 한국작물학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.245-255
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• 1994

White clover는 많은 장점에도 불구하고 계속방목에 대한 적응력이 낮아 존속연한이 짧은 것이 결점이다. 따라서 본 시험은 white clover 혼파초지관리에 필요한 정보를 제공하기 위하여 예취주기의 장단(7일, 14일, 28일)이 28일의 재생기간동안 잎의 크기가 다른 white clover 품종들(Osceola, Huia, S184)의 수량과 재생에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 온실에서 pot 시험으로 실시한 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 28일의 처리기간중 수확 건물중은 대엽종 Osceola가 타품종에 비하여 많았고, 예취주기를 28일에서 7일로 줄임으로써 현저히 감소하였다. 2. 재생기간중 개체당 건물중은 주로 잎과 엽병의 증가에 기인하였고 예취 후 14일부터 대엽종 Osceola가 타품종에 비하여 많았다. 3. 개체당 엽면적과 복엽당 엽면적은 28일의 재생 기간동안 꾸준히 증가하였으나 예취를 28일에서 7일로 줄임으로써 현저히 감소하였다. 대엽종 Osceola의 개체당 엽면적과 복엽당 엽면적은 타품종에 비하여 많았다고 하나, 예취 후 28일의 개체당 엽면적에는 품종간 차이가 없는 것으로 측정되었다. 4. 예취주기를 짧게 할수록 엽수와 엽병장이 감소하였으며 예취 후 14일부터 타품종에 비하여 소엽종 S184가 많은 엽수를, 대엽종 Osceola가 긴 엽병을 확보하고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 5. 개체당 포복경장과 분지경수는 재생기간동안 급격히 증가한 반면 소엽형 S184에서 가장 길고 많았으며 예취주기를 28일에서 7일로 줄임으로써 현저히 감소하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.147-151
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• 1998

The conductivity test is a measure of electrolytes leakage from plant tissue. The shorter the maturation period after heading was the greater electrical conductivity (EC) of rice seed. The polymer-coated seed was not different in EC compared with non-coated seed. As soaking time of rice seed increased, EC increased gradually. The EC varied from 9.9 to 20.7$\mu$S $cm^{-1}g^{-l}$ for control plots and from 21.3 to 41.7$\mu$S $cm^{-1}g^{-l}$ for heat-killed seeds which were produced by autoclaving seeds at 121$^{\circ}C$ for 20 minutes. The germination speed (the rate of 5th day) of rice seed was 94% at control plot, 83% at low temperature and 20% at high temperature. Besides, germination percentage was 95% for the control, 92% for the low temperature treatment and 39% for the high temperature treatment. The EC was negatively correlated (r=-0.771$^{**}$) with germination percentage at low temperature. Water uptake in seeds of 30, 40, 50 days after heading (DAH) was greater than that of 20 DAH. Plant height of seedlings was 9.84 cm for the control but 4.32 cm for the high temperature treatment, and the tallest for polymer-coated seed. Dry weight of seedlings was 0.841 g for the control and 0.287 g at high temperature. Besides, the polymer-coated seed was heavier than non-coated seed. The number of roots was largest from 40 to 50 DAH and polymer-coated seed, but was decreased from 20 to 30 DAH. The length of roots was 20.52 cm at control plot and 19.89 cm polymer-coated seed but 8.68 cm for the low temperature treatment and 7.28 cm for the high temperature treatment.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.1151-1161
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• 2022

Objective: This study was conducted to estimate the association of age at first calving (AFC) with first lactation traits as well as lifetime performance traits in Murrah buffaloes. Methods: Data on first lactation and life time performance of Murrah buffaloes (n = 679), maintained at Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, India during the period 1983 through 2017, were deduced to calculate heritability estimates, genetic and phenotypic correlation of different first lactation and lifetime traits. The univariate animal model was fitted to estimate variance components and heritability separately for each trait, while bivariate animal models were set to estimate genetic and phenotypic correlations between traits under study. Results: The heritability was high for first peak milk yield (FPY, 0.64±0.08), moderate for AFC (0.48±0.07) and breeding efficiency (BE 0.39±0.09). High genetic correlations of first lactation total milk yield (FLTMY) with first lactation standard milk yield (FLSMY, 305 days or less), FPY, and first lactation length (FLL) was seen. Likewise, genetic correlation of AFC was positive with FLTMY, FLL, first dry period (FDP), first service period (FSP), first calving interval (FCI), herd life (HL) and productive days (PD). Significant phenotypic correlation of FLTMY was observed with HL, productive life (PL), PD, total lifetime milk yield (LTMY), standard lifetime milk yield (standard LTMY). Moreover, positive genetic and phenotypic correlation of FPY was observed with HL, PL, PD, total LTMY and standard LTMY. Conclusion: This study reports that AFC had positive genetic correlation with FDP, FSP, FCI, and unproductive days while, negative association of AFC was observed with FLSMY, PL, total LTMY, standard LTMY, and BE. This suggests that reduction of AFC would results in improvement of lifetime performance traits.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원에서 개발된 품종 중 추위에 강한 내한성을 가진 품종 중 조생종으로는 '코윈어리', 극조생종은 '그린콜' 을 공시 시료로 하여 강원지역의 기상과 이탈리안 라이그라스의 두 품종(코윈어리, 그린콜)의 생육 간 상관관계를 보고, 지역별로 이탈리안 라이그라스 두 품종의 재배 가능성을 보고자 하였다. 지역별 월동 전 이탈리안 라이그라스의 생육에서는 춘천지역이 출현율과 분얼경, 지하부의 생육이 가장 좋고, 초장의 경우 다른 지역의 중간 정도이며, 원주 지역은 출현율이 춘천보다 낮았으나, 초장의 생육이 춘천, 강릉지역보다 좋았다. 강릉지역은 태풍으로 원주와 춘천지역보다 월동전 생육과 출현율이 많이 저조하였다. 하지만 수확기인 5월에는 초장의 길이가 강릉, 춘천, 원주 순으로 강릉이 특히 매우 높게 나타났고, 수확기의 초장은 최저기온 및 평균 기온과 밀접한 상관관계를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 월동 중 및 월동 후 이후 생육기에 변화하는 기상 조건 중 최저기온과 적산온도가 이탈리안 라이그라스의 생육에 영향을 주고 있음을 제시한다. 지역별 코윈어리의 건물수량은 강릉이 7,490 kg/ha로 춘천, 원주보다 많았다. 그린콜의 경우에도 강릉의 건물수량이 6,490 kg/ha로 춘천, 원주보다 많았다. 재배 적지인 강릉을 기준으로 이탈리안 라이그라스 상대 건물수량 지수는 춘천이 77~78%, 원주가 71~84%을 보여 춘천 지역에서 IRG 재배가 가능지역으로 평가되지만, 최적 재배 지역은 아니고 재배 불안전 지대로 판단된다. 따라서 중북부 지역인 강원도 경우 IRG 재배에 미치는 환경 요인이 이탈리안 라이그라스 생육과 수량에 주요한 영향을 주고 있음을 제시한다.

• 화훼연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.37-41
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• 2011

본 실험은 여름철에 비해 상대적으로 광도가 감소되는 시기인 8월 이후부터 익년 3월까지 차광처리가 팔레놉시스의 잎과 뿌리의 생육 그리고 화경의 발생에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하였다. 차광처리는 자연광의 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 그리고 90% 수준이었다. 야간 $CO_2$의 흡수량과 증산량, 엽내 탄수화물함량, 생체중과 건물중 모두 50%와 60% 차광에서 높았으며 70%수준 이상에서는 차광이 증가할수록 감소하였다. 화경의 길이, 개체당 화경수와 소화수는 50%와 60% 차광에서 다른 처리보다 높았으며 개화소요일수도 짧았다. 특히, 90%수준에서는 화경의 발생이 현저하게 억제될 뿐만 아니라 실험기간 동안 개화는 이루어지지 않았다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제77권1호
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• pp.92-99
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• 1988

잣나무 구과(毬果)의 생장(生長)에 따른 광합성속도(光合成速度)($CO_2$ 재고정속도(再固定速度)), 암호흡속도(暗呼吸速度), $CO_2$, 수지(收支), 크로로필함량(含量) 등을 측정고찰(測定考察)하였으며, 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 구과(毬果)는 당년(當年)에 길이 3.6cm 직경(直徑) 2.4cm, 건중(乾重) 3.05g까지 자랐으며 2년(年)째에 길이 13.5cm, 직경(直徑) 9.3cm, 건중(乾重) 141.0g까지 자랐다. 2. 구과(毬果)의 암호흡(暗呼吸)에 대한 $CO_2$재고정율(再固定率)(광합성율(光合成率))은 전생장기간(全生長期間)동안 광포화(光飽和)에서 50%이하였다. 년간(年間)의 $CO_2$재고정율(再固定率)은 당년생구과(當年生毬果)가 7.3%, 2년(年)째 구과(毬果)가 8.7%였다. 3. 온도상승(溫度上昇)에 따른 구과(毬果)의 암호흡속도(暗呼吸速度)는 $25^{\circ}C$이하에서는 급격한 상승(上昇)을 보이나 $25^{\circ}C$이상에서는 느린 상승(上昇)을 나타냈다. 같은 온도(溫度)에서는 비생장기(非生長期)의 암호흡속도(暗呼吸速度)가 생장왕성기(生長旺盛期)보다 높았다. 4. 구과(毬果)의 암호흡속도(暗呼吸速度)와 $CO_2$재고정속도(再固定速度)는 당년생구과(當年生毬果)가 2년(年)째 구과(毬果)보다 현저히 높았다. 5. 수분후(受粉後) 완숙(完熟)될 때까지 구과(毬果)의 $CO_2$ 수지(收支)는 마이너스 값을 나타냈다. 년간(年間) 순호흡소비량(純呼吸消費量)은 당년생구과(當年生毬果)가 7.23 $CO_2g/cone$, 2년(年)째 구과(毬果)가 164.8 $CO_2g/cone$이었다. 6. 년간호흡소비효율(年間呼吸消費效率)(=순호흡소비량(純呼吸消費量)/건물중생산량(乾物重生産量))은 당년생구과(當年生毬果)가 1.61이고, 2년째 구과(毬果)가 0.81이었다. 7. 구과(毬果)의 크로로필 a, b의 총함량(總含量)은 전생장기간(全生長期間)을 통해 2mg/g dw 이하였고, Chl. a/b값은 2~3을 나타냈다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.695-698
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• 1992

Three Japanese Corriedale wethers were used in a $3{\times}3$ latin square design to determine the effect of soybean meal (SBM) supplementation on the eating and rumination behavior in sheep fed rice straw as a basal diet. Soybean meal was supplemented at three levels of 0 (control), 75 g and 150 g/day. Soybean meal supplementation had no significant effect on the daily time spent eating and rumination, whereas the rate of eating of rice straw was significantly faster (p<0.05) in sheep fed SBM-supplemented diets than in sheep fed control diet. However, when expressed per 100 g of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) intake, daily rumination time of sheep fed 75 and 150 g of SBM-supplemented diets was greatly reduced (p<0.01). The length of each rumination period, daily number of rumination periods and number of boli regurgitated were about constant for all SBM levels. Cyclic rate (rumination time per daily number of boli regurgitated) and rumination index (rumination time per 100 g of dry matter eaten) were significantly decreased (p<0.05) by SBM supplementation. The number of chews per bolus was not affected, whereas the bolus time reduced (p<0.05) and the rate of chewing during rumination was increased (p<0.05) by SBM supplementation.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the interaction between productivity and light condition and to analyze the material productivity and productive charactaristics under different hours of light in Zoysia japonica. 1. Rate increasement of leaf number and total leaf length was remarkably high at the early growth stage in the control and 9 hour light treatment. The rate gradually decreased as growth proceeded. But 3 hour treatment was very low in the rate from its early growth stage through the whole test period. 2. The increasing rate of leaf area ratio (LAR) in all the experimental plots was remarkably high at the early growth stage after transplanting the grass. The shorter photoperiod resulted remarkable lower increasement of LAR. 3. The rhizome growth rate of the 9 hour photoperiod was high contrast to the 3 hour photoperiod treatment. The increasing rate of node number was also showed similar trend. 4. Chlorophyll content was very high at the 36 days after transplanting and then decreased gradually. Chlorophyll content on 3 hours photoperiod plot severely decreased. The ratio of chlorophyll a to b was decreased significantly at short day treatment. 5. The content of soluble sugar was increased at shorter photoperiod. The highest ratio of sugar content was on August, 28 by HPLC method. Such a result was attributed to accumulation of sugar in spite of low synthesis of ploysacchrides, translocation by low consumption. 6. The increasing rate of standings in all light treatment was high at the early growth stage after transplanting. Short photoperiod treatment by 3hour showed especially low prganic productivity on Zoysia japonica.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.121-127
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• 2005

To reveal vegetation history and environmental changes in Mt. Jiri, sediment cores were collected from Wangdeungjae moor of Mt. Jiri. Overall dry matter accumulation rates and sedimentation rates by $^{14}C-dating$ were 0.027 $kg{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}yr^{-1}$ and 0.184 mm/yr since 1250 ($760{\pm}40$ yrs BP, 14 cm in depth). There are three pollen zones; the first zone is below 14 cm depth where Quercus dominated, the second zone is from 14 cm to 6 cm depth where Gramineae increased and Quercus and Salix dominated and the third zone is from 6 cm depth to the top where Pinus and Quercus dominated. Total pollen concentration gradually increased from bottom to the top of sediment core, which implies wet, anaerobic and cool condition during covered period by the core. Calcium and magnesium contents had increased since 14 cm depth, with peaks at 13 and 20 cm depths. This indicates that groundwater had recently become relatively more important than surface water as water source of Wangdeungjae moor Exotic plant or Chenopodiacea pollen was less than 1%. There was little variation in total N and P contents along the length of the core. These results support that Wangdeungjae moor has been little affected by anthropogenic activities. Also, nutrients and heavy metal contents indicate the baseline condition of Wangdeungjae moor.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.503-508
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• 1996

The data analysed consisted of records on lactation length (LL), total lactation yield (TLY), estimated 305-day yield (305 DY), days dry (DDRY), age at frist calving (AFC) and calving interval (CI) of 448 Friesian $\times$ Bunaji halfbreds that calved over a twenty-three year period (1967-1989) at the National Animal Production Research Institute, Shika, Nigeria. Least squares means of LL, TLY, 305DY, DDRY, AFC and CI were 250 days, 1,988 kg, 2,420 kg, 102 days, 35 months and 390 days, respectively. Parity, season and year of calving significantly affected LL, TLY (p < 0.01) and 350DY (p < 0.05), but not CI. DDRY was affected by season of calving only (p < 0.05). It was therefore concluded that the Shika Friesian $\times$ Bunaji crossbreeding programme was successful and beneficial in that the $F_1$ crosses calved at a younger age, produced twice as much milk, had longer lactations and slightly shorter calving intervals than the indigenous Bunaji.