• 한국초지조사료학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.125-131
• /
• 1994

This experiment was canied out to study -the effects of different seeding date on the yields and nutritional value of Pearl millet. Seeding dates were $S_1$,$S_2$,$S_3$,$S_4$, and $S_5$, and harvest dates were $S_1$, (7 July) and $S_2$, (18Augst), respectively. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Plant length was not influenced by seeding date at each harvest. The seeding date at $S_4$,showed the longest plant length of 90.4 an on average per year, which was longer by 17 cm compared to 73.3 cm harvested at $S_5$. 2. Total dry matter yield was not significantly different among seeding dates. Total dry matter yield in 1993 increased according to delayed seeding date from $S_1$ to $S_4$. Dry matter yield of 17.3 tonha was obtained in $S_4$. 3. The relative yield of leaf tended to increase with delayed seeding date, and varied from 60% to 69%. 4. Dry matter ratio decreased with delayed seeding date from $S_1$,(20 April) to $S_5$ (30 May), and varied from 15.6% to 12.3%. 5. Crude protein content of leaf at 1st and 2nd harvest and stem at 1st harvest were significantly different among various seeding dates. Avenge crude protein content increased with delayed seeding date from 9.0% at $S_1$ (20April) to 12.8% at (30 May) $S_5$ (30 May). 6. NDF and ADF of leaf at the 1st harvested were significantly different among seeding dates. NDF content decreased with delayed seeding date from 61.9% to 57.8%, and ADF content decreased with delayed seeding date from 34.8% to 32.2%.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2004

Recently, there has been a growing tendency to use whole crop rice for feeds as there is an increased rice supply and a decrease in the demand for rice in Korea. Little information, however, is available about the management and utilization of whole crop rice for feeds. This study was conducted to decide the optimum harvest date through examining the plant height, dry matter(DM) yield and feed composition of whole crop rice harvested at different maturity. Field study was established early in May until October 7th on a rice field at Yupori, Sinbuk-yeup, Chunchon, Kangwon-Do. "Ilpum" mutant rice was sown at 52 kg/ha, and N, P and K were applied at 209, 113 and 81 kg/ha, respectively. The rice was harvested at six different mature stages for analysis; booting stage; 17 Aug., milk-ripe stage; 27 Aug., dough stage; 7 Sep., yellow ripe stage; 17 Sep., dead ripe stage; 27 Sep. and full ripe stage; 7 Oct. Plant height was 77 cm in booting stage (P<0.05) which was lower when compared to the other stages among which the heights did not differ with average range of 93∼97 cm. The highest dry matter yield was observed in yellow ripe stage (22.8 T/ha), which was followed by dead ripe stage (19.3 T/ha), full ripe stage (19.3 T/ha), and dough stage (15.1 T/ha). Crude protein (CP) and Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentrations consistently decreased with maturity. The highest concentrations of CP and NDF were obtained in booting stage with 9 and 73.6%, respectively (P<0.05), and lowest in full ripe stage with 5.8 and 64.6%, respectively (P<0.05). The concentration of total digestible nutrient (TDN) was highest in booting stage (59.7%); however no significant difference was found among other stages. The concentrations of Ca and P were not different among mature stages. According to these results, the yellow ripe period is appropriate to harvest the whole crop rice for forage considering dry matter yields, feed compositions and TDN concentrations.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제61권5호
• /
• pp.278-284
• /
• 2019

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of seeding dates on the yield and feed value of whole-crop barley cultivated in paddy soil. The field experiment was conceived as a randomized block design performed in triplicate with seeding dates of Oct. 19 (T1 as treatment 1), Oct. 26 (T2 as treatment 2), Nov. 2 (T3 as treatment 3), Nov. 9 (T4 as treatment 4), and Nov. 16 (T5 as treatment 5) as treatments. The barley grown in all treatments was harvested on May 21 of the following year. Plant length, fresh yield, dry matter yield, and total digestible nutrient (TDN) yield were higher (p < 0.05) in barley with early seeding dates, whereas crude protein and ether extract were higher (p < 0.05) with late seeding dates. Crude fiber and neutral detergent fiber were highest in the T3 treatment and lowest in the T1 treatment. There was no significant difference between acid detergent fiber and TDN among the different seeding dates. Total mineral contents were higher in the order T1 > T2 > T3 > T4 > T5 (p < 0.05), whereas the total amino acid content increased significantly (p < 0.05) with a delay in seeding date. Free sugar contents (fructose, glucose, and sucrose) were higher with early seeding dates (p < 0.05). Collectively, the results obtained in this study indicate that it is favorable to seed soon after harvesting rice to increase dry matter and TDN yields and mineral and free sugar contents of whole-crop barley in the midlands of Korea.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.123-134
• /
• 1997

The effects of cutting 6equency and nitrogen fertilization on feed values of reed canarygrass were investigated in uncultivated rice paddy and the attemp was made to estimate the economical and efficient levels of nitrogen fertilization for the increased production of nutrients in reed canarygrass. The results are summarized as follows; 1. Crude protein(CP) content was higher at 1st cut of all treatments(12.5% in 3 cutting 6equency; 19, 7% in 4 cutting frequency; 22.5% in 5 cutting kquency). However, Total Digestible Nutrients(TDN) and Relative Feed Value(RFV) in 3 and 4 cutting 6equencies were higher at 3rd cut(63.5%, 126.8) and 4th cut(65.7%, 146.4) respectively in which the contents of Neutral Detergent Fiber(NDF) and Acid Detergent Fiber(ADF) were lowest. In 5 cutting frequency, 1st cut showed the highest TDN and RFV as 70.5% and 232.4 respectively. 2. The level of nitrogen fertilization affected CP content of reed canarygrass. Nitrogen fertilization of 120kgl halcut showed high CP contents of 11.4, 14.7 and 16.5% in 3, 4 and 5 cutting eequency respectively. In 3 and 4 cutting frequency, TDN and RFV were highest with nitrogen fertilization of 90kg/ha/cut where NDF and ADF were lowest, however those in 5 cutting frequency were highest with nitrogen fertilization of 30kg/ha/cut. 3. The yields of CP varied according to the number of cutting frequency and those were 0.45~0.65 in 3 cutting hquency, 0.35~0.50 in 4 cutting frequency, and 0.19~0.67tond/ha in 5 cutting 6equency respectively and TDN was 2.09~3.60, 1.64~2.77 and 0.73~2.96tons/ha respectively. 4. The ratios between the yields of CP and TDN were 5.48, 4.60 and 4.34 in 3, 4 and 5 cutting 6equency respectively and it indicates lower ratio in result of higher number of cutting 6equency. 5. Higher nitrogen fertilization increased the yields of CP and TDN. The yields of CP were higher in 5 cutting frequency as 1.55~2.62tons/ha than of 3(1.20~1.91tons/ha) and 4 cutting frequency(1.35-2.23tons/ha). The yields of TDN were 6.31~9.93, 5.99~9.99 and 7.16~10.57tons/ha in 3, 4 and 5 cutting frequency respectively. 6. The levels of nitrogen fertilization for high production efficiency of crude protein(kg CPYkg N) was estimated as 113.4~302.5kg/ha and it resulted in 1.44~2.09ton/ha of CP yields. The levels of nitrogen fertilization for high production efficiency of dry matter was 199.2-361.3kgha in which nitrogen were fertilized below 400kg/ha and it resulted in 1.64~2.17ton/ha of CP yields. 7. The levels of nitrogen fertilization for high production efficiency of total digestible nutrients(kg TDNYkg N) were 149.9~294.1kg/ha in 3 and 4 cutting kequency and it resulted in 8.66~8.89ton/ha of TDN yileds. With the levels of nitrogen fertilization for high production efficiency of dry matter of 199.2~361.3kg/ha, TDN yields were high as 8.77~9.94ton/ha.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제29권8호
• /
• pp.1129-1135
• /
• 2016

Whole-crop wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as forage has been extensively used in the world. In this study, the effects of N application rates on the yields, nutritive value and silage quality were investigated. The N application rates were 0, 75, 150, 225, and 300 kg/ha. The research results indicated that the dry matter yield of whole-crop wheat increased significantly with increasing N rate up to 150 kg/ha, and then leveled off. The crude protein content and in vitro dry matter digestibility of whole-crop wheat increased significantly with increasing N up to 225 kg/ha, while they no longer increased at N 300 kg/ha. On the contrary, the content of various fibers tended to decrease with the increase of N application. The content of lactic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid in silages increased with the increase of N rate (p<0.05). The ammonia-N content of silages with higher N application rates (${\geq}225kg/ha$) was significantly higher than that with lower N application rates (${\leq}150kg/ha$). Whole-crop wheat applied with high levels of N accumulated more nitrate-N. In conclusion, taking account of yields, nutritive value, silage quality and safety, the optimum N application to whole-crop wheat should be about 150 kg/ha at the present experiment conditions.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.209-213
• /
• 1991

조숙옥수수를 포함한 사료작물 작부체계 구성시 조숙옥수수의 생산성을 확보하기 위해 만파시밀식재배를 시도하였다. 조숙옥수수로는 Comet80, Comet85, Linda 품종을 이용하였고 만파정도는 수원19호 적기보다 45, 55, 65일 만큼 늦게 파종하였다. 파종밀도는 각 파종기에 대하여 60$\times$20, 50x20, 40$\times$20cm로 밀식정도를 달리하였다. 각처리구의 수확은 8월 29일 일괄실시 하였는데 조숙옥수수의 이러한 처리에 따른 수량구성특성 변화와 조숙옥수수의 촉과작물 작부체계도입 가능성을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 6월 22일까지 파종에서 건물수량은 Comet85, 수원19호 Comet80, Linda 순이었다. 2. 6월 12일까지의 파종에서 수원19호의 이삭비율은 6.7%이었는데 비해 Comet80, Cometss, Linda의 평균 이삭 빈율은 40.3%이었다 3. 조숙품종의 밀식에 의한 건물수량 보상효과정도는 6월 22일까지 파종에서 20x50cm밀도가 20$\times$60cm밀도에서 보다 평균 37.3% 증수하였다. 4. 만파시 Comet85는 수원19호보다 평균 24.1 % 많은 TDN을 생산하였다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.199-204
• /
• 2005

본 연구는 2001년 8월부터 2003년 12월까지 충남대학교 생명과학대학 내 초지시험포장에서 N 시비수준이 Kentucky bluegrss 잔디초지의 건물수량과 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 수행하였다. N 시비수준은 100, 150 및 200kg/ha의 3처리를 두어 시험하였으며, 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 2년 평균 ha당 건물수량은 N 시비수준이 높아짐에 따라 현저히 증가되어, N 100, 150 및 200kg시비수준에서 각각 6,317, 8,495 및 10,361kg을 나타내었다(p<0.05). CP함량과 DMD는 N시비수준이 높아짐에 따라 뚜렷이 증가되었으나(p<0.05), 섬유소물질의 차이는 뚜렷한 경향을 보이지 않았다. ha당 CPDM과 DDM 수량은 N 시비수준이 높아짐에 따라 뚜렷이 증가되었다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 학교운동장조성용 Kentucky bluegrass 단파초지에서 부수적으로 생산되는 목초의 건물수량과 품질을 높이기 위한 N 시비수준은 200kg/ha이 적당할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제55권4호
• /
• pp.292-298
• /
• 2010

총체 담근먹이용 조사료로 이용되고 있는 맥종들의 출수 후 생육시기별 전체건물수량에 대한 식물체 각 부위별 기여도를 분석하여 생산성이 우수한 조사료용 맥류 품종개발에 필요한 기초자료를 제공코자 수행한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 출수 후 생육시기별 건물생산에 대한 부위별 건물중의 기여도 변화 유형은 맥종에 따라 부위별 기여기간 정도의 차이는 있으나 보리는 귀리와 밀은 호밀 및 트리 티케일과 각각 동일한 유형으로 분류할 수 있었다. 2. 보리와 귀리는 출수 후 20일 이후부터 전체 건물수량에 대한 부위별 기여도가 줄기에서 이삭으로 변화되는 반면 밀, 호밀, 트리티케일은 출수 후 30일 이후부터 이삭의 기여도가 줄기의 기여도 보다 큰 것으로 나타났다. 3. 전 맥종에서 줄기 건물중과 이삭 건물중이 출수 후 전 기간에 걸쳐 전체 건물수량에 있어서 주도적인 기여를 한 반면 잎 건물중의 기여도는 출수 후 10일 이후에는 미미한 수준에 머물러 있었고 줄기 건물중에 대한 기여도는 초장보다 수수의 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 4. 생산성이 우수한 담근먹이용 품종을 개발하기 위해서는 각 맥종 공히 새육후기에 전체건물수량에 대한 이삭 건물중의 기여도가 높은 특성을 고려하면 이삭의 등숙이 빠르고 이삭무게가 무거운 수중형 품종이 수량성 및 이용성제고에 유리할 것으로 판단된다.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.275-286
• /
• 1993

무기태 질소와 액상구비의 사용수준이 예취빈도를 달리한 Orchardgrass 초지의 건물수량에 미치는 영향을 조사한 바 사용수준과 예취번초간에서는 0.1% 수준, 사용빈도와 예취번초간의 교호작용에 있어서는 5 % 수준의 유의성이 인정되었다. 일반적으로 3회 예취구보다 4회 예취구에서 건물수량이 증가하였다. 무기태 질소의 경우는 사용수준(90-270 kg/ha)에 따른 건물수량에 있어서는 유의한 차이가 인정되지 않았다. 액상구비의 시용효과는 3회 예취구에서 사용수준 평균 91.4% (72.2-109.7%의 범위), 4회 예취구에서는 75.1% (48.3-107.9%의 범위)를 나타내었다. 연간 3-4회 예취하는 채초지에서는 액상구비의 적정 시용량은 $80-90m^3/ha$(240-270 N kg/ha)의 수준으로 추정되었고 이때 건물수량은 9.55-11.22ton/ha 이었다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.107-112
• /
• 2011

본 시험은 이탈리안 라이그라스(Lolium multiflorum Lam.) 만생종의 생육단계별 건물생산성과 사료가치에 대한 기초자료를 제공하기 위히여 2000년부터 2002년까지 국립축산과학원 초지사료과 시험포장에서 수행되었다. 수원지역에서 이탈리안 라이그라스 만생종인 '화산101호'의 생육단계는 수양기, 출수시, 수전기 및 개화기가 각각 5월8일, 5월 18일, 5월 28일 및 6월 3일이었다. 생육단계별 건물 및 가소화영양소 총량은 수잉기에서 개화기까지 생육이 진전됨에 따라 유의적으로 증가하는 경향이었다. 건물수량은 수잉기(4,818 kg/ha)에서 출수시(7,244 kg/ha) 까지 10일 사이에 50%까지 증가하였다. 생육단계별 조단백질 함량은 수잉기 18.32%, 출수시 15.12%, 수전기 12.58% 및 개화기 12.36%로서 생육이 진행됨에 따라 점차적으로 감소하였으나 수전기와 개화기 사이에는 차이가 없었다. NDF와 ADF의 함량은 생육이 진행됨에 따라 점차적으로 증가하였고, TDN와 IVDMD 함량은 생육이 진전됨에 따라서 점진적으로 감소하는 경향이었다. 그러나 수전기에서 개화기 사이에는 사료가치의 차이가 거의 없었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 이탈이란 라이그라스 만생종인 '화성 101호'의 알맞은 수확시기는 수전기에서 개화기 사이에 하는 것이 조사료 생상성 향상에 유리 할 것으로 사료된다.