• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.1922-1929
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• 2020

Objective: The present study aimed to survey seasonal changes in reproductive performance of local cows receiving artificial insemination (AI) in the Pursat province of Cambodia, a tropical country, to investigate if ambient conditions affect the reproductive performance of cows as to better understand the major problems regarding cattle production. Methods: The number of cows receiving AI, resultant number of calving, and calving rate were analyzed for those receiving the first AI from 2016 to 2017. The year was divided into three seasons: cool/dry (from November to February), hot/dry (from March to June), and wet (from July to October), based on the maximal temperature and rainfall in Pursat, to analyze the relationship between ambient conditions and the reproductive performance of cows. Body condition scores (BCS) and feeding schemes were also analyzed in these seasons. Results: The number of cows receiving AI was significantly higher in the cool/dry season than the wet season. The number of calving and calving rate were significantly higher in cows receiving AI in the cool/dry season compared with the hot/dry and wet seasons. The cows showed higher BCSs in the cool/dry season compared to the hot/dry and wet seasons probably due to the seasonal changes in the feeding schemes: these cows grazed on wild grasses in the cool/dry season but fed with a limited amount of grasses and straw in the hot/dry and wet seasons. Conclusion: The present study suggests that the low number of cows receiving AI, low number of calving, and low calving rate could be mainly due to poor body condition as a result of the poor feeding schemes during the hot/dry and wet seasons. The improvement of body condition by the refinement of feeding schemes may contribute to an increase in the reproductive performance in cows during the hot/dry and wet seasons in Cambodia.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2005

The purposes of using cutting fluid during cutting have been cooling, lubricating, chip washing, and anti-corroding. However, the present manufacturing industry restricts the use of cutting fluid because cutting fluid contains poisonous substances which are harmful to the human body. Therefore dry cutting becomes an unavoidable assignment and a lot of researches have studied cutting methods without using cutting fluid. Because dry turning is a continuous work, tools life is reduced by continuous heat generation and surface gets rough due to reduced lubrication, so it is important to consider these situations. In this paper, the way of selecting the optimal machining condition by the minimum number of experiments and the effectiveness of using compressed air in high hardness materials through Taguchi method have been found. Dry cutting using compressed air showed better cutting characteristics than normal dry cutting with respect to by cutting force, tool wear, and surface roughness. Also, the optimal machining condition f3r dry cutting using compressed air could be selected through Taguchi method.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.1231-1234
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• 2005

For the purpose of objective and scientific inspection, traffic accidents should be appraised and inspected by righteous material evidences, computer simulation, and studies such as automobile engineering, traveling and collision accident dynamics, road and traffic engineering. In this paper, it displays the results of studying cases with the reasons of traffic accidents by analyzing and studying automobile kinetics, real traffic accidents and the results of in scientific and objective ways. In this paper, it is proved that with compared by dry and wet road surface condition, the transient brake time of wet condition is longer than dry road condition. Moreover, compared with unpacked road condition and packed road condition. unpacked road condition is shorter than packed road condition using computer simulation.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.153-161
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the soil-water characteristic curves for an unsaturated soil. To this ends, a series of suction measured test was conducted on the selected 4 kinds of soils taken from different sites of Korea, using modified pressure plate apparatus. Form the test results, the water contents, degree of saturation and volumetric water contents were analyzed with the suction. And the soil-water characteristic curves of unsaturated soil were drawn from the test results for various factors. The characteristic curves drawn with water content vs matric suction were classified certainly the difference in wet side but were not classified in dry side. The characteristic curves drawn with degree of saturation vs matric suction for unsaturated soil were shown the opposite inclination as compared with the former curve. But the characteristic curve with volumetric water content vs matric suction was described suitably not only in wet side condition but also in dry side. And it was found that the volumetric water contents of loose soil was high at the initial condition but that of dense soil was high at final condition (dry side).

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.1653-1662
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• 2021

Objective: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of insoluble cellulose supplementation to diets on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, the incidence of diarrhea, nutrients digestibility, and inflammatory responses in altering environmental conditions of animals housing. Methods: A total of 108 male pigs (Duroc×[Yorkshire×Landrace]) were randomly allocated to one of three dietary treatments (cellulose 0%, 1%, 2%) and two environmental conditions (good sanitary condition vs. poor sanitary condition) to give 6 replicate pens per treatment with three pigs per each pen at 14 days post-weaning. Results: Pigs were in good sanitary condition had higher average daily gain (p<0.01) and improved feed efficiency (p<0.05) from day 1 to 14 after weaning compared to their counterparts. The interactions were found between environmental conditions and dietary treatments (day 7: crypt depth [p<0.01], villous height to crypt depth [p<0.001]; day 14: crypt depth [p<0.001], villous to crypt ratio [p<0.01]) in ileum morphology. Crypt depth was decreased (p<0.05), and villous to crypt ratio was increased (p<0.05) only in poor sanitary conditions. Pigs exposed to the good sanitary condition had higher (p<0.05) apparent ileal digestibility (day 7, gross energy; day 14, dry matter), apparent total tract digestibility (day 14, dry matter and crude protein) compared to pigs housed in the poor sanitary condition. Meanwhile, pigs fed a diet supplemented with 2% cellulose had decreased (p<0.05) apparent ileal digestibility (day 7, dry matter; day 14, crude protein), apparent total tract digestibility (day 7, dry matter; day 14, crude protein, gross energy) compared to pigs fed a diet supplemented with 0% or 1% cellulose. Conclusion: Our results indicated that a diet supplemented with 1% cellulose increased villous to crypt ratio, however feeding a diet containing cellulose (1% or 2%) impaired nutrient digestibility for 14 day after weaning in both good sanitary and poor sanitary conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.132-135
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• 2004

High-performance concrete (HPC) may be expected to differ from usual concrete with respect to shrinkage behavior, and it shows high autogenous shrinkage due to the use of very low water-binder ratio (w/b) and various admixtures. Therefore, in order to minimize the shrinkage stress and to ensure the service life of concrete structure, volumetric change of HPC should be understood. In this study, small prisms made of HPC with w/b of 0.32 and blast-furnace slag content of $0\%,\;30\%,\;and\;50\%$ were prepared to measure the volumetric changes such as autogenous shrinkage, drying shrinkage, and swelling under three different curing conditions. It was observed that the concrete cured. sealed condition showed only autogenous shrinkage while the concrete let to dry condition at temperature of $20^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity of $60\%$ during the test period showed both autogenous and drying shrinkage. Moreover, the concrete exposed to dry condition after 2-day water curing swelled and then started to shrink with age. The total shrinkage (autogenous+drying) of this concrete was smaller than that of the concrete cured dry condition, especially at early-age. Therefore, the early-age moisture curing is very effective to control or minimize the volumetric change and its induced stress of HPC.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.19-24
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• 2003

Recently, various efforts to make more speedy and precision machine tool to improve productivity and also various efforts to solve environmental problem are going on, so that dry cutting in manufacturing industry, which needs environmental conscious design and development of manufacturing technique, is becoming a very important assignment to solve. Because dry cutting does not use cutting fluid, we need other methods that can be used instead of cutting fluid, which does cooling, lubricating, chip washing, and anti-corrosion. Especially, because turning is a continuous work, the consideration of tool life and surface roughness due to continuous heat and poor lubrication is important. The purposes of this paper are the consideration of how well the compressed air can work instead of cutting fluid, and also the development of the method to select the optimum machining condition by the minimum numbers of experiments through the Taguchi method.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.153-156
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• 2005

Surface dry condition examination method on the KS F 2504(Testing method for specific gravity and absorption of fine aggregate) has dim detail prescriptions which can cause different ways of understanding based on one's convinence, not on correct means of rule. So we investigate the problems about the inconsistency on decisioing surface dry condition at management examination in the lab and scene. In conclusion, free-falling method is easier and faster than self-weight method. And we also found that the most important face on decisioning surface dry is compacting factor of tamping rod.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 2007

Spent nuclear fuel generated at nuclear power plants must be safely stored during interim storage periods. A dry storage cask to safely store the spent nuclear fuel should be able to adequately emit the decay heat from the spent nuclear fuel. Therefore, heat removal tests using a half scale dry storage cask have been performed to estimate the heat transfer characteristics of a dry storage cask under normal, off-normal, and accident conditions. In the normal condition, the heat transfer rate to an ambient atmosphere by convective air through a passive heat removal system reached 83%. Accordingly, the passive heat removal system is designed well and works adequately. In the off-normal condition, the influence of a half blockage in the inlet on the temperature appears minimal. In the accident condition, the temperature rose for 12 hours after the accident, but the temperature rise steadied after 36 hours.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.104-117
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• 2013

Objective : The aim of this review is to development of clinical trial protocol for against cosmetics as a treatment of dry skin condition. Methods : We searched the literature from 2002 through April 2012 using 5 databases. We included randomized controlled trials(RCTs) in which human participants with dry skin condition as chief complaint were treated with cosmetics. The methodological quality of all RCTs was using the Jadad score. Results : Nine RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Cosmetic types included cream (7 trials), lotion (1 trial), oil (1 trial) and body wash (1 trial). The methodological quality of the trials was generally low (Jadad score: mean 1.78; range, 1 to 3). Conclusions : The evidence for cosmetics as an effective treatment for dry skin condition(xerosis) is currently scarce and of poor quality, and is therefore inconclusive. More rigorous studies are warranted.