• 제목/요약/키워드: Driving score

검색결과 75건 처리시간 0.031초

상습 음주운전자의 심리적 특성에 따른 음주운전 대책에 관한 실증적 연구 (An Empirical Study on Measures for reducing Drunk Driving exploiting Psychological Characteristics of Inveterate Drunk Drivers)

  • 박원범;장석용;정헌영
    • 대한교통학회지
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    • 제29권5호
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    • pp.91-104
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    • 2011
  • 최근 음주운전자 중 과거 음주운전 전력이 2회 이상인 경우가 많아 음주운전을 상습적으로 하는 운전자가 사회적 문제로 대두되고 있다. 본 연구는 상습적 음주운전자들이 가지고 있는 심리적 특성 및 대책을 모색하고자 비음주운전자들과 1~2회 이상 음주운전자들 집단 간 차이를 구조방정식의 확인적 요인 분석으로 알아보고 대책마련을 하고자 했다. 연구결과를 정리하면, 첫째, 음주운전 단속 전력별로 운전자들의 희망 치료 방식 및 교육내용을 파악하여 제시할 수 있었다. 둘째, 방어기제(합리화, 투사, 승화)와 음주운전 심리(죄의식, 수치심, 곤혹감), 자존감(긍정, 부정)을 이론변수로 사용하여 음주운전 전력별 음주운전 심리특성 모형을 구조방정식을 통해 구축할 수 있었다. 셋째, 음주운전 심리특성 모형의 분석 결과 각 집단의 특성에 맞는 음주운전 예방 및 저감대책을 제시할 수 있었다. 넷째, 음주운전 단속 전력과 한국형 알코올 중독자 선별 검사 점수를 대응분석하여 개인의 음주특성에 따른 음주운전 대책 부분을 보완 할 수 있었다. 또한, 음주운전 2회 이상 전력자를 상습 음주 운전자로 제시하였다.

운전자의 속도 욕구좌절이 운전 스트레스에 미치는 영향 (The Influences of Speed desire frustration on Driving Stress)

  • 이순열 ;이순철
    • 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.319-338
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    • 2009
  • 본 연구는 차량 운전 중 운전자가 원하는 속도만큼 속도를 내지 못하는 상황이 운전 스트레스에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 알아보고자 실시되었다. 운전자의 속도에 대한 욕구좌절은 희망 주행속도와 실제 주행속도의 차이로 구성개념화 되었다. 연구결과 4가지 도로조건(고속도로, 국도도로, 시내도로, 시골도로) 모두에서 운전자들의 희망 주행속도는 실제 주행속도보다 높게 나타났다. 4가지 도로조건(고속도로, 국도도로, 시내도로, 시골도로)을 종합한 평균 속도 욕구좌절은 운전 스트레스 척도 모든 점수(전체 DSQ점수, 전체 DSI점수, 전체 DSF점수, 진행장애 요인, 운전환경 요인, 사고단속 요인, 교통법규 요인, 시간압력 요인)들에 정적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 속도 욕구좌절이 높아짐에 따라 운전 스트레스 척도의 강도 점수와 진행장애 요인, 시간압력 요인 등이 다른 운전 스트레스 척도 점수들보다 더 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 평균 속도 욕구좌절을 백분위 점수에 따라 4가지 수준으로 구분하여 운전 스트레스 척도 점수들과 과속단속 그리고 가해·피해 교통사고 경험 차이를 분석하였다. 분석결과 속도 욕구좌절이 높은 운전자들은 속도 욕구좌절이 낮은 운전자들보다 운전 스트레스 척도의 점수들도 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 하지만, 속도 욕구좌절 정도에 따른 과속단속 경험이나 가해·피해사고 경험은 차이가 나타나지 않았다.

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Technology Acceptance Modeling based on User Experience for Autonomous Vehicles

  • Cho, Yujun;Park, Jaekyu;Park, Sungjun;Jung, Eui S.
    • 대한인간공학회지
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    • 제36권2호
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    • pp.87-108
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    • 2017
  • Objective: The purpose of this study was to precede the acceptance study based on automation steps and user experience that was lacked in the past study on the core technology of autonomous vehicle, ADAS. The first objective was to construct the acceptance model of ADAS technology that is the core technology, and draw factors that affect behavioral intention through user experience-based evaluation by applying driving simulator. The second one was to see the change of factors on automation step of autonomous vehicle through the UX/UA score. Background: The number of vehicles with the introduction of ADAS is increasing, and it caused change of interaction between vehicle and driver as automation is being developed on the particular drive factor. For this reason, it is becoming important to study the technology acceptance on how driver can actively accept giving up some parts of automated drive operation and handing over the authority to vehicle. Method: We organized the study model and items through literature investigation and the scenario according to the 4 stages of automation of autonomous vehicle, and preceded acceptance assessment using driving simulator. Total 68 men and woman were participated in this experiment. Results: We drew results of Performance Expectancy (PE), Social Influence (SI), Perceived Safety (PS), Anxiety (AX), Trust (T) and Affective Satisfaction (AS) as the factors that affect Behavioral Intention (BI). Also the drawn factors shows that UX/UA score has a significant difference statistically according to the automation steps of autonomous vehicle, and UX/UA tends to move up until the stage 2 of automation, and at stage 3 it goes down to the lowest level, and it increases a little or stays steady at stage 4. Conclusion and Application: First, we presented the acceptance model of ADAS that is the core technology of autonomous vehicle, and it could be the basis of the future acceptance study of the ADAS technology as it verifies through user experience-based assessment using driving simulator. Second, it could be helpful to the appropriate ADAS development in the future as drawing the change of factors and predicting the acceptance level according to the automation stages of autonomous vehicle through UX/UA score, and it could also grasp and avoid the problem that affect the acceptance level. It is possible to use these study results as tools to test validity of function before ADAS offering company launches the products. Also it will help to prevent the problems that could be caused when applying the autonomous vehicle technology, and to establish technology that is easily acceptable for drivers, so it will improve safety and convenience of drivers.

주행로봇제어를 위한 DWT와 SVM기반의 EEG신호 분류 알고리즘 (EEG Signal Classification Algorithm based on DWT and SVM for Driving Robot Control)

  • 이기배;이종현;배진호;이재일
    • 전자공학회논문지
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    • 제52권8호
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    • pp.117-125
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    • 2015
  • 본 논문은 '좌', '우' 방향 제어를 위해 취득된 EEG(Electroencephalogram) 신호 기반 분류 알고리즘과 EEG 센서, Labview, DAQ, Matlab, 주행로봇으로 구성된 방향 제어 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 DWT(Discrete Wavelet Transform)로 추출된 주파수대역 정보를 특징으로 이용하며, Fishers score를 이용하여 변별력이 높은 주파수 대역의 특징을 선별한다. 또한, SVM (Support Vector Machine)을 이용하여 분류 성능이 최고가 되는 특징벡터의 조합을 제안하고, 잘못된 판정에 의한 오동작을 방지하기 위한 MLD(Maximum Likelihood Decision) 기반의 판정보류 알고리즘도 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘에 의해 선택된 4개의 특징벡터는 국제 표준 전극 배치법에 따른 P8 채널의 d2(16-32Hz), d5(2-4Hz) 주파수 대역의 전압의 절대 값 평균과 표준편차이다. SVM 분류기로 실험한 결과 98.75%의 정확도와 1.25%의 오류율 성능을 보였다. 또한, 오류 확률 70%를 판정 보류로 규정할 경우, 제안된 알고리즘은 인식률 95.63%의 정확도와 오류율 0%을 보였다.

미세 후두현미경술시 윤상갑상막천자를 통한 고빈도 제트환기법 (High Frequency Jet Ventilation via Cricothyroid Membrane Puncture under Microlaryngoscopic Surgery)

  • 양훈식;김용주;김춘길
    • 대한기관식도과학회지
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.109-115
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    • 1995
  • High frequency Jet ventilation (HFJV) via cricothyroid membrane puncture contols frequency of ventilation as 20-200/min and persuits adequate gas exchange. HFJV was known to have advantages such as improvement of PaO$_2$, lesser barotrauma, stable hemodynamic effects, good operative field and lesser movement of head. The purpose of this study was to clarify the advantages of HFJV in cases of microlaryngeal surgery which operating time was expected even within 30 minutes. Twenty-eight patients were divided two groups : 1)control group : general endotracheal Intubation anesthesia. 2)experimental group : HFJV via cricothyroid membrane puncture with intravenous anesthesia, frequency 40/min, I/E ratio 40%, driving pressure 40 psi. We analyzed blood pressure, arterial blood gas, score of general condition and recovery time after operation. In conclusion, HFJV via cricothyroid membrane puncture had a good score of general condition and rapid recovery of consciousness, although some accumulation of P$CO_2$and elevation of blood pressure.

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대구광역시 지방의제 21의 분석과 평가 (Analysis and Evaluation of Local Agenda 21 of Daegu City)

  • 송문곤;우형택
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.129-142
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    • 2007
  • The main purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the local agenda 21 of Daegu City based on the evaluation model and propose important measures to solve its problems and improve the limitations. As a whole, the evaluation result of the local agenda 21 of Daegu City showed very low score, only 151 points out of 500 points and revealed it was below the level in all three domains of making process, designed content, and evaluation of implementation. The making process got only score below the half in all large indicators of under-standing, driving, and rationality. This unsystematic and irrational process inevitably resulted in ambiguous and proclamatory content mainly expressing willingness to do. This fact means that the local agenda 21 of Daegu City has not served as the comprehensive local environmental plan containing visions, policies, ends and means. It did not suggest evaluation system and institutionalization of evaluation. These results of evaluation suggested that the existing local agenda 21 of Daegu City was neither useful nor effective and thus the totally new local agenda 21 should be prepared. Finally, important measures in making process, designed content and evaluation of implementation were proposed for the remaking.

대학생의 스마트폰 이용 시간과 경항통과의 관련성 연구 (The Correlation Analysis between Hours of Smartphone Use And Neck Pain in the Gachon University Students)

  • 이지인;송호섭
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • 제31권2호
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    • pp.99-109
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    • 2014
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study was to analysis the relationship between hours of smartphone use and neck pain in university students. Methods : A survey of 2,353 university students was conducted in Gyeonggi province and Incheon city using a self report questionnaire from April 1 to 11 2013. The questionnaire of questions regarding the hours of using smartphone, mainly used function in participant's smartphone and neck discomfort degree. Neck disability index(NDI) was used to evaluate degree of pain. The collected data were analyzed with the t-test and Kendall's tau test using the SPSS 21.0 program and R 3.1.0, respectively. Results : 1. Almost all of the survey participants(99.07 %) were smartphone users. 66.97 % of them answered that they use their smartphone daily more than 2 hours and 48.18 % of them answered that they use their smartphone 10 to 30 minutes everytime they use it. 2. The overall distribution of NDI scores was 'no disability(0~4 score, 62.92 %)', 'mild disability(5~14 score, 32.85 %)', 'moderate disability(15~24 score, 1.19 %)'. As a result of t-test, we found that the average NDI score for female students was significantly higher than the average NDI score for male students(p<0.05). 3. The Kendall's tau test revealed that total time spent daily using smartphones has a strong positive correlation with 'pain intensity', 'lifting', 'reading' 'headache', 'concentration', and 'driving'(p<0.05) in NDI. Also, time duration of one time smartphone usage has a strong positive correlation with 'pain intensity', 'lifting', 'reading', 'headache', 'concentration', 'work', and 'recreation'(p<0.05). 4. The Kendall's tau test revealed that total NDI scores have a significantly strong positive correlation with both of total time spent daily using smartphones(p<0.05) and time duration for one time smartphone usage(p<0.05). This results imply that long-time use of smartphone has a strong relationship with neck pain. Conclusions : The results of the study would be a good starting point for future studies to reduce the risks of chronic neck pain caused by smartphone usage.

척수 손상 환자의 삶의 질 영향요인 분석 (Factors Effect on Quality of Life of Spinal Cord Injury Patients)

  • 신성례;김애리
    • 대한간호학회지
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.126-138
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study is to act nursing intervention strategies to promote quality of life (QOL) in Spinal Cord Injury patients. Therefore, the study is designed to evaluate religion, marital status, educational background economic status, level of injury, voiding pattern, transportation by driving, rehabilitation education, self-concept, sexual status, perceived barrier, powerlessness, depression, hope, social support, self-efficacy, anxiety, ADL, perceived hopelessness, personality and pain for QOL at the same time. It was gathered empirical data was collected using a self report questionnaire from 61 patients during a six month period after SCI at 5 general hospitals, at 2 rehabilitation centers and at 2 rehabilitation schools province from Jun. 18, 1999 through Sep. 28, 1999. The reliability of the 19 instruments was tested with Cronbach's alpha which ranged from .6319 to .9769. For the data analysis a SAS program was used for Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows; 1. The mean of total item score in the QOL scale was 2.814, which showed a much lower score than the cancer points. 2. There was a significant correlation between self concept, transportation by driving, perceived barrier, powerlessness, depression, hope, social support, self-efficacy, anxiety, ADL and QOL.(${\gamma}$= .27~-.79, p< .05) 3. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that; a) Depression was the main predictor of QOL and account for 53.7% of the variance in QOL. b) Hope, ecomic status and body satisfaction accounted for 8%, 4%, 3.4% respectively and these variables combined accounted for 69.2% of the variance in QOL. In conclusion, to begin with, it is important to reduce depression and to help for SCI points to inspire hope, economic status and body satisfaction. That will be short cut for nursing strategies to enhance QOL.

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가정전문간호사의 업무 스트레스 (A Survey on the Job Stress of Home Care Nurses)

  • 김희승;유소영;김명자;백희정;김윤옥
    • 가정간호학회지
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.34-40
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    • 2003
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the job stress in home care nurses. Method: The subjects were 139 home care nurses of hospital in an urban cities. The data were collected from 26 Man to 27 June by self report adherence questionnaire. Job stress was measured using CHN-PWRSQ(Community Health Nurses Perceptions of Work-Related Stressors Questionnaire). Result: The average score of job stress was 60.8. There were significantly high levels of job stress in those who have less than 10 years office period, those who have less than 2000000 won monthly salary than in their counterparts. With regard to the level of job stress by item, 'driving long distance and traffic jam', 'risk of traffic accident', 'bad weather condition', 'uncooperative family members', and 'uncooperative client/patient' were higher than other items. The age and office period were negatively correlated with job stress. Conclusion: The average score of job stress was 60.8. 'driving long distance and traffic jam', 'risk of traffic accident', 'bad weather condition', 'uncooperative family members', and 'uncooperative client/patient' were higher than other items. The age and office period were negatively correlated with job stress.

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고령운전자의 자가보고식 운전능력에 대한 경로분석 (Path Analysis of the Self-Reported Driving Abilities of Elderly Drivers)

  • 이유나;유은영;정민예;김종배;김정란;이재신
    • 대한작업치료학회지
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.57-72
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    • 2018
  • 목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 지역사회 고령운전자의 인구사회학적 요인에 따른 자가보고식 운전능력 및 상관성을 파악하고 시각, 청각, 인지, 운동, 심리요인을 바탕으로 설정한 가설모형의 적합성을 검증하여 지역사회 고령운전자의 자가보고식 운전능력에 대한 경로모형을 제시하고자 함이었다. 연구방법 : 연구 대상은 만 65세 이상 지역사회 거주 고령운전자의 122명이었다. 대상자들의 시각과 청력, 운동기능, 인지기능, 우울 및 자가보고식 운전능력을 평가하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 21.0을 사용하여 분석하고 가설모형의 검증을 위해 AMOS 22.0을 사용하여 경로분석을 시행하였다. 결과 : 연구결과 남성의 경우 여성보다 자가보고식 운전능력 점수가 높았으며 주간 운전일수 6~7일인 경우는 주 3일 이하에 비해 점수가 높았다. 면허취득 기간과 운전경력은 자가보고식 운전능력과 정적 상관성을 보였다. 경로모형의 적합성 결과 최종모형은 p값(.911)이 .05를 초과하며, TLI(1.202), NFI(.949), CFI(1.000)가 모두 .90이상이고 RMSEA(.000)는 0.1이하로 가설모형이 측정 자료에 잘 부합하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 첫째, 우울, 청력감퇴, 악력은 고령운전자의 자가보고식 운전능력에 직접적으로 영향을 주는 요인으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 나이는 우울, 악력에 직접적인 영향을 주고, 우울과 악력을 매개하여 자가보고식 운전능력에도 간접적으로 영향을 주고 있었다. 셋째, 우울은 인지처리지연과 악력에 직접적인 영향을 주었다. 결론 : 본 연구는 지역사회 고령운전자의 자가보고식 운전능력에 영향을 주는 요인들의 직 간접적인 관계를 파악하고 자가보고식 운전능력에 영향을 미치는 다양한 요인들의 다차원적인 효과를 검증하였다는데 의의가 있었다.