• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1997.06a
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• pp.67-92
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• 1997

Tap water should be shown the complexity of measures neccessary to secure water quality, especially with respect to drinking and bathing. Designated reservoirs Paldang and Daechung as the Special Environment Protection Areas to regulate new pollution sources and to facilitate construction of wastewater treatment facilities. In this country, 91% of total drinking water resource, consist of 66% stream water, 25% dam water, 7% dune flitrate, 1% each of spring and ground water, are from the surface water. The total volume of annual mean water resources due to precipitation. Over 8% of the total resources are class III as shown in the table., eapecially the water quality of downstream of Nakdong and Yeongsan river are getting worse due to continued economic and social development.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 1998

To investigate the detoxificative effect of tea, five kinds of tea(mulberry, anaerobic treated mulberry, green, barly tea and corm tea) were selected and determined their dotoxication activities for Cd and Pb in drinking water. The effect of tea on the removal of Cd and Pb were increased proportionally to the contents of teas. Anaerobic treated mulberry leaf tea showed stronger detoxication activity than the others. In drinking water contaminated with Cd, the removal effect of Cd was high 27% by anaerobic treated mulberry leaf tea and 14% by mulberry leaf tea as compared to green tea. Also, in drinking water with Pb, the removal effect of anaerobic treated mulberry leaf tea was the best among five kinds of tea. Pretreatment method on the removal effect of Cd was better than post-treatment method in the treatment method.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.12 no.3_4
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• pp.23-29
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• 1997

The main reason of applying chlorination is to sterilize microbes existing in the drinking water treatment. But chlorination could lead to the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) by the reaction of free chlorine with humic substance in the water. Especially the DBPs including trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), haloacetonitriles (HANs), and haloketones (HKs) exist in the tap water. The US environmental protection agency (US EPA) defines that trihalomethanes, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, and dichloroacetonitrile among DBPs are probable/possible human carcinogens. US EPA suggests maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for THMs (80$\mu$g/L) and HAAs (60$\mu$g/L) in drinking water. In Korea, THMs in drinking water has been surveyed but DBPs in general has not been studied in drinking water practically. Therefore only THMs have been regulating as criteria compounds since 1990 but neither HAAs nor HANs. Researches on HAAs are yet to be found. HAA formation potentials(HAAFPs) have not been practiced. HAAs depends on the characteristics of water sources by chlorination. In this study, HAAFPs from three distinct sources were investigated by laboratory chlorination experiments. This study was performed to measure the level of HAAs in drinking water in Seoul area. At April 1996, after collecting the raw waters from the three sites with the different properties, the water samples were chlorinated at various conditions(pH 5.5, pH 7.0 and without pH adjustment) in the state of raw water to have 0. 5mg/L of residual chlorine concentration. And the raw water, treated water, and tap water of water treatment were collected to measure the HAAs concentration. The quantitative analysis of HAAs was conducted by US EPA methods.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 1994

There are many possibilities that may lead to low quality of drinking water Recently, some unknown deposits in tap water raised a lot of public concern regarding the safety of drinking water in Seoul. We analyzed the quality of tap water from several areas of Seoul, including the area where public complaints about tap water were high. The results shows that the quality of tap water in Seoul was good, well below the environmental standards. Only the tap water from the area with high public complaints showed turbidity higher than that of other area. Also, result shows that component of deposit in tap water was Al, Fe, Mn, and Zn. Based on the research result we propose several measures that might help to reduce the amount of deposit in tap water as follows : 1 Using coagulant aid when coagulating or adjusting pH when filtering. 2. Replacing old water pipeline with new corrosive- resistant one. 3. Increasing water treatment efficiency by enhancing water treatment system such as automation of water treatment system adjusting production capacity, and improving operational condition of filler basin. 4. Chlorine disinfection at the distribution reservoir would help maintaining the same pH level and chlorine concentration throughout the water pipeline and reduce corrosion of pipe.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.399-404
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to raise the drinking rate of Arisu, the tap water in Seoul, and to propose new solution for continuous water quality management and raising awareness. The research scope was limited to point-of-use water treatment system, and based on the this contents I proceed this study how this will help to increase direct drinking rate of Arisu. Through research, Korea has provided users with the ability to filter contaminated tap water simply as water to be rinsed through water purification. Therefore, it was predicted that it would be difficult to improve tap water as drinking water. With this study, I expect that the strength of point-of-use system and the reliability of tap water quality will be raised and hope various product will be developed to improve the perception as drinking water and I also expect that this can be applied to whole country even further in the scope of Seoul city.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.164-168
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• 2008

Perchlorate, which is still unregulated, is found in tap water, posing a threat to public health. In and out of Korea, there is no clear standard for drinking water quality or discharge. To make matters worse, Perchlorate study is in its infancy in Korea. This research tracked fresh water and purified water of water purification facility A and B located at the city of D, where Nak-dong River is being utilized as the purified water. And it was found that purified water shows no particular pattern in Perchlorate concentrations but represented a higher level of concentration compared to fresh water. With utilizing the research results, the study sought the impact of activated-carbon treatment process on Perchlorate elimination and found out that Perchlorate concentrations increased 38% after the process. The result proves that conventional water purification process can't eliminate Perchlorate. Therefore, it is reasonable that Perchlorate discharge from sources should be minimized.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.191-195
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• 2001

This research was carried out to investigate the effect of ozone treatment to improve the livestock drinking water quality. Ozone concentration treated was 18.5~36.5ppm in each system. PH and dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration in drinking water was increased by ozone and ozone+anion treatment. But there was no difference in UV used for drinking water treatment. Oxidation and deduction Potential(ORP) was increased while ozone was treated. Colony Forming Unit(CFU) of E. coli 0.8:$H^-$, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus was decreased after 30 minute to 1 hour ozone and UV treatment.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.245-250
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• 2004

This study investigated the micropollutants present in raw water supplied for the several drinking water treatment plants in Seoul. The target sample waters were collected from the several sites, such as Jayang (JY), Kuui (KI), Paldang (PD) and Kangbuk (KB) at the Han-River stream. The analytical method used in this study enable us to detect about 300 kinds of chemicals commonly found in surface water at ppt level by GC-ion trap MS. In this study, the consideration on the analytic results focused on the four hazardous organics, such as benzenes, phenols, phthalates and pesticides. The numbers of each detected micropollutant were 1~8 kinds for benzenes, 1~7 kinds for phenols, 5~7 kinds for phthalates and 1~9 kinds for pesticides. For the pesticides, the higher concentration was detected in the water samples collected from PD and KB adjacent to the farming area, and at June and July, which is the busy farming season. The total concentrations of each micropollutants detected at all the sites were significantly lower than those of drinking water regulation in Korea as well as other advanced countries. However, the frequently detected micropollutants requires the steady and precise monitoring for the effective management of drinking water source.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.68-73
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• 1998

This is a study on the risk assessment of drinking water using mutagenicity testing. The tests have been carried with the raw water, treated water, and drinking water (tap water) in Kwangju and Mokpo areas. The Ames preincubation test was carried concentrating samples using by Sep-Pak PLUS cartriges in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and TA98. The samples were tested with several chemical water quality analysis. The THMs have not been measured in raw water, but measured treated water and tap water at a value of 7.135-12.473 $\mu$g/l. It was observed that the number of revertants colonies increased in treated water and tap water on TA100 without S9 and showed weak mutagenicity on TA98 without S9. Indirect mutation was not seen in TA100 and TA98 with S9. The results indicated that formed substances of treatment process's of water that increased mutagenicity.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.281-287
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• 2006

Maintaining adequate chlorine residual is crucial in water treatment facilities, Treatment technique, newly promulgated regulation, requires sufficient disinfection in order to control more resistant microorganisms such as Viruses and Giardia lamblia. Each water treatment plant should report various water qualities including chlorine residual and disinfection by-products, thus plenty of data has been generated. Even though statistical analysis using these data are forced to investigate the status and effect of water qualities in water facilities very few researches have been performed in korea. This study performed statistical analysis of chlorine residual during three years in Korean drinking water. The average chlorine residual concentrations were 0.701mg/L, 0.738mg/L, 0.763mg/L in 2002, 2003, 2004, respectively. Monthly variations of chlorine residual was not significant. ANOVA result showed that yearly variance of chlorine residual is different in only less than $5000m^3/day$ of water treatment capacity. The statistical analysis can help government to establish new regulation with scientific basis.