• 한국가스학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

석탄층 메탄가스 저류층의 개발을 위해서는 석탄층 특성에 부합하는 생산방법을 적용하는 것이 중요하지만 대부분의 개발현장에서는 경험적인 판단에 의존하여 생산방법을 선정하고 있어 결과에 대한 신뢰도가 떨어질 뿐만 아니라 복잡한 시뮬레이션 해석을 통해 최적 생산방법을 규명해야 하는 등의 많은 시간과 노력이 필요하다는 문제점이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 인공신경망을 활용하여 석탄층 메탄가스 최적 생산방법을 선정하기 위한 지능형 시스템을 개발하였다. 시스템 개발에 앞서 문헌 조사를 통해 석탄층 메탄가스 생산방법 선정 가이드라인을 분석하였고, 이를 활용하여 시추 방법과 유정완결법 선정 시스템, 수압파쇄공법 수행시 파쇄액 선정 시스템을 개발하였다. 개발된 생산방법 선정 시스템의 타당성 평가 결과, 높은 정확도를 나타냄으로써 본 연구에서 개발된 생산방법 선정 시스템은 향후 석탄층 메탄가스의 개발에 앞서 석탄층 특성에 부합하는 생산방법을 선정할 수 있는 효율적인 도구로 활용될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2011

This study carried out a series of experiments involving impact tests (Drop Weight type & Charpy type with a standard specimen and newly designed I-type specimen), hardness tests, and fracture surface observations of French-made roll shell steel (F), abnormal roll shell steel (M), reheated roll shell steel (R), and S25C steel under heat treatment conditiAn experimental study was carried out to study the solid-liquid mixture upward hydraulic transport of solid particles in vertical and inclined annuli with a rotating inner cylinder. The lift forces acting on a fluidized particle play a central role in many important applications such as the removal of drill cuttings in horizontal drill holes, sand transport in fractured reservoirs, sediment transport, the cleaning of particles from surfaces, etc. In this study a clear acrylic pipe was used to observe the movement of solid particles. Annular velocities varied from 0.4 to 1.2 m/s. The effect of the annulus inclination and drill pipe rotation on the carrying capacity of a drilling fluid, particle rising velocity, and pressure drop in a slim hole annulus were measured for fully-developed flows of water and aqueous solutions of CMC (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) and bentonite. The rotation of the inner cylinder was efficient at carrying particles to some degree. For a higher particle volume concentration, the hydraulic pressure loss of the mixture flow increased because of the friction between the wall and solids or between solids.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

The Down-the-Hole hammer is one of the pneumatic drill equipment used for grinding, drilling, and mining. One the advantages of which is that a reduction work efficiency at deep site are relatively small compared to other drilling methods. Due to the large vibration in the underground area, it is difficult to measure the performance of the hammer, and hammer testing requires substantial production cost and operating expenses so research on the development of the hammer is insufficient. Therefore, this study has developed a dynamic simulation model that apprehends the operating principles of an 8-inch DTH hammer and calculates performance data such as performance impact force, piston speed, and BPM. By using the simulation model, design factors related to strike force and BPM were selected, and the influence of each design factors on performance was analyzed through ANOVA analysis. As a result, be the most important for BPM and the strike force are position of upper port that push the piston in the direction of the bit and in BPM, the size of the empty space between the bits and the piston is the second most important design factor.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.20-29
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• 2012

The green house on the waterfront is air-conditioned by a water-source heat pump system with riverbank filtration water. In order to supply riverbank filtration water in alluvium aquifer, the riverbank filtration facility for water intake and recharge, two pumping wells and one recharge well, has been constructed. The research site in Jinju, Korea was chosen as a good site for riverbank filtration water supply by the surface geological survey, electrical resistivity soundings, and borehole surveys. In the results of two boreholes drilling at the site, it was revealed that the groundwater table is about 3 m under the ground, and that the sandy gravel aquifer layer in the thickness of 6.5 m and 3.5 m occurs at 5 m and 7 m in depth below the ground level respectively. To prevent the recharge water from affecting the pumped water which might be used as heat source or sink, the distance between pumping and recharge wells is designed at least 70 m with a quarter of recharged flow rate. It is predicted that the transfer term, the recharge water affects the pumping well, is over 6 months of heating season. Hydrogeological simulation and underground water temperature measurement have been carried out for the pumping and recharge well positions in order to confirm the capability of sustainable green house heating and cooling.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.277-283
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• 2002

본 연구는 안쪽축이 회전하고 바깥쪽 실린더는 정지해있는 반경비가0.52이고 30$^{\circ}$ 경사진 동심 환형관내의 헬리컬 유동 특성에 관한 것이다. 비뉴튼 유체인 UC 수용액과 벤토나이트 수용액을 사용하여 안쪽축이 0~400pm으로 회전할 때 축방향 유동을 완전히 발달시킨 후 축방향 압력손실값을 측정하였다. 또한, 헬리컬 유동의 가시화는 불안정한 파를 관찰하기 위해 수행되었다. 현재 연구 결과는 표면마찰계수에 대해 로스비순(Ro)와 레이놀즈수(Re)의 관계를 나타내었다. 또한, 그 결과들은 유동 불안정성 메카니즘의 존재를 보인다. 축회전수가 증가함에 따라 압력손실이 증가하지만, 그 증가폭은 천이 및 난류영역에서는 레이놀즈수가 증가할수록 감소하며, 회전의 영향으로 유동교란이 증진되어 천이가 촉진된다. 또, 이런 유동교란의 증진은 표면마찰계수값의 증가와 함께 임계 레이놀즈수(Re$_{c}$)를 작게 만든다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2009

본 논문은 안쪽축이 회전하는 동심환형관 물과 비뉴튼유체의 고-액 2상 유동연구를 수행하였다. 점탄성유체의 유변학은 굴착구멍의 청결, 입자의 밖으로 수송하는 등 여러 가지 응용에 중요하다. 연구에서 투명한 아크릴관은 고체입자의 이동을 관찰하기 위하여 사용하였다. 환형관 속도는 0.3m/s에서 2.0m/s로 변한다. 머드시스템은 물과 CMC 수용액을 혼합하여 사용하였다. 연구에서 고려된 주요 변수들은 축회전속도, 유체 유동영역과 입자 주입율이다. 입자이송속도와 압력강하는 유체유량(Q, LPM)이 5~30의 범위에서 측정하였다. 물과 0.2% CMC 수용액에서 고체입자의 농도가 높을수록 압력손실이 커짐을 알 수 있었다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.645-667
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• 2015

Single treatment and staged treatments in vertical wells are widely applied in sandstone and mudstone thin interbedded (SMTI) reservoir to stimulate the reservoir. The keys and difficulties of stimulating this category of formations are to avoid hydraulic fracture propagating through the interface between shale and sand as well as control the fracture height. In this paper, the cohesive zone method was utilized to build the 3-dimensional fracture dynamic propagation model in shale and sand interbedded formation based on the cohesive damage element. Staged treatments and single treatment were simulated by single fracture propagation model and double fractures propagation model respectively. Study on the changes of fracture vicinity stress field during propagation is to compare and analyze the parameters which influence the interfacial induced stresses between two different fracturing methods. As a result, we can prejudge how difficult it is that the fracture propagates along its height direction. The induced stress increases as the pumping rate increasing and it changes as a parabolic function of the fluid viscosity. The optimized pump rate is $4.8m^3/min$ and fluid viscosity is $0.1Pa{\cdot}s$ to avoid the over extending of hydraulic fracture in height direction. The simulation outcomes were applied in the field to optimize the treatment parameters and the staged treatments was suggested to get a better production than single treatment.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2013

G-class 시멘트는 지열발전소 가동 시에 지열정에서 고온의 지열수나 증기를 심부에서 지표면까지 이동시키는 케이싱을 보호하는 시멘팅 재료로서 이용된다. 지열정을 통한 원활한 지열발전을 위해서는 시멘팅 재료의 물리적 특성들이 만족되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 G-class 시멘트를 지열정 시멘팅 재료로서의 중요한 물리적 특성인 유동성, 일축압축강도, 열전도도, free fluid 함유율(Free fluid content) 등을 평가하기 위해, 다양한 물/시멘트 비 조건에서 실내실험을 수행하였다. G-class 시멘트에 대한 물리적 특성 평가를 통해 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. (1) G-class 시멘트의 유동성은 소량의 응고지연제(retarder)를 첨가하여 증가 시킬 수 있다. (2) 유동성 확보를 위해 물/시멘트 비를 높일 경우, 일축압축강도가 감소하여 지열정의 구조적 문제를 야기할 수 있다. (3) G-class 시멘트의 열전도도는 지열정 가동 시에 지열정에서 외부 지반으로의 열손실이 거의 없을 정도로 낮게 평가되었다. (4) G-class 시멘트를 시멘팅 재료로 이용할 경우, 블리딩(bleeding) 가능성은 매우 낮은 것으로 판단된다. (5) 페놀프탈레인 지시약은 지열정 시공시 지표면에서 시추용 이수와 G-class 시멘트를 구분하기 위해 적합할 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.2720-2724
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• 2007

Field measurements have revealed that the pressure drop over a borehole during drilling of a slim oil well or a well with a long reach can depend significantly on the rotation speed of the drill pipe. An accurate prediction of the annular frictional pressure drop is therefore important for conditions where the annular clearance is small. An experimental study was carried out to study solid-liquid two phase flow in a slim hole annulus. Annular velocities of carrier fluids varied from 0.2 m/s to 1.5 m/s. The carrier fluids which were utilized included tap water and CMC water solutions. Pressure drops and average flow rates were measured for the parameters such as inner-pipe rotary speed, carrier fluid velocity, hole inclination and particle injection rate. For both water and CMC solutions, the higher the concentration of the solid particles is, the larger the pressure gradients become.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.225-246
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• 2017

Excessive dynamic-tension variations on the top-tensioned risers (TTRs) deteriorate the structural integrity and cause potential safety hazards. This phenomenon has become more remarkable in the development of deep-water fields with harsher environmental loads. The conventional prediction method of tension variations in hydro-pneumatic tensioner (HPT) has the disadvantage to underestimate the magnitude of cyclic loads. The actual excessive dynamic tension variations are larger when considering the viscous frictional fluid effects. In this paper, a suppression method of tension variations in HPT is modeled by incorporating the magneto-rheological (MR) damper and linear-force actuator. The mathematical models of the combined HPT and MR damper are developed and a force-control scheme is introduced to compensate the excessive tension variations on the riser tensioner ring. Numerical simulations and analyses are conducted to evaluate the suppression of tension variations in HPT under both regular- and irregular-wave conditions for a drilling riser of a tensioned-leg platform (TLP). The results show that significant reduction of tension variations can be achieved by introducing the proposed system. This research has provided a theoretical foundation for the HPT tension control and related structural protection.