• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.134-143
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• 1979

It order to extract the soluble organic substances of Korean ginseng effectively, the ginseng extract have been made by using amylase. The investigation on the optimum condition of enzyme reaction was carried out, and the amounts of gained extract and its saponin pattern were compared among the ethanol extract, water extract and enzyme extract. The results obtained are summerized as follows. 1. The gaining ratio or ginseng extract was the highest value when the raw ginseng and dried ginseng were extracted in the concentration of 7.5% and 5% with 0.3%∼0.6% enzyme for 25 hour. 2. The amounts of ethanol extract, water extract and enzyme extract were 9.14%, 17.23% and 23.73% in case of raw ginseng and 64.09%, 72.52% and 74.36% in case of dried ginseng, respectively. The amount of enzyme extract was increased as much as 6∼14% in case of raw ginseng, and 2∼10% in case of dried ginseng compared with that of ethanol and water extract. 3. The absolute content of saponin was nearly constant in spite of the different extraction method and all of the ginseng saponin pattern of thin-layer chromatograms were almost same.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권12호
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• pp.1903-1907
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• 2010

명태의 건조경향은 초기의 평형상태가 뚜렷하지 않은 과정을 제외하면, 일반적인 식품건조형태를 따르는 것으로 보인다. 따라서 시간이 지날수록 건조속도는 어육과 외기의 수분농도차이가 줄어듦에 따른 결과뿐만 아니라, 표면 건조에 의한 고화현상에 의해 수분이동이 억제됨에 따라 느려지게 된다. 명태의 부위별 건조속도는 잘 알려진 바와 같이 머리 부분이 몸통부분보다 빨랐다. 건조가 진행될수록 어육표면과 중심부의 수분함량과 그에 따른 수분활성도의 차이는 증가함으로써 어육내부의 수분이동이 잘 일어나지 않아 전체적인 건조속도의 저하를 나타내었다. 주어진 외기의 건조조건(온도, 습도, 풍속)에서 초기의 높은 건조속도에 의한 어육 표면응고로 인해 건조개시 수 시간 이내에 어피(피부)와 어피 바로밑부분의 어육과 어체 내부 어육의 수분함량 차이가 급격히 일어나는 것을 알 수 있었다. 황태 제조과정의 전단계인 건조과정에서 건조가 시작된 뒤 주기적으로 수분활성도의 차이가 급격히 일어나는 시간(지점)은 황태 특유의 조직감을 형성하기 위해 건조과정에서 조직의 고화를 방지함으로써 일정한 건조속도를 유지하기 위해 주기적으로 수분을 공급해 주어야 하는 시점임을 제시해 준다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.1318-1323
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• 2008

Corn distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) is a completely new feed ingredient in the Korean feed market. There is an ever increasing need for the Korean feed industry to import and make the best of it as a high protein and high energy feed ingredient. A layer feeding trial was conducted for 10 weeks to investigate the effects of addition of light-colored DDGS to layer diets on laying performance, egg qualities and yolk fatty acid composition. Also, the economics of using DDGS in the Korean situation was analyzed. Nine hundred Hy-line Brown layers, 24 weeks of age, were employed in a feeding trial consisting of four dietary treatments (0, 10, 15, and 20% DDGS), and five replicates per treatment. All experimental diets were prepared as iso-protein (17%) and iso-calorie (TMEn 2,780 kcal/kg). The use of DDGS up to 20% in layer diets did not exert any influence on feed intake, laying rate, total egg mass, mean egg weight and feed conversion ratio (p>0.05). The color and breaking strength of eggshell, as well as the albumin height and Haugh unit were not affected by the addition of DDGS up to 20% in the diet. The yolk color was significantly increased by DDGS supplementation (p<0.05). As the DDGS level increased, the oleic acid content decreased, and the linoleic acid increased (p<0.05) in egg yolk. The degree of saturation of yolk fatty acids was not affected by DDGS supplementation. The inclusion of light-colored DDGS up to 20% in layer diets resulted in a decrease of feed cost per kg without any undesirable effect on laying performance. In conclusion, the light-colored DDGS (L* 56.65) could be used up to 20% in layer diets without any harmful effect on laying performance, and possibly provide economic benefits to the Korean poultry industry.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1326-1331
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• 2009

Drying process in the cylindrical thin film layer of sludge with the thickness less than a few millimeters has been investigated. Thin film drying is specially designed and used to dry the viscous materials like sewage sludge. The thin film layer of sludge is dried on the metallic cylindrical surface through which thermal energy is supplied to the layer during drying. The wall temperature is assumed to be constant during drying in the present study for the simplification. In order to solve the equations, the mass transfer rate on the drying surface should be determined. The mass flux of evaporated water vapor on the surface is estimated with the formulation given in the literature. The effect of some physical parameters on drying has been examined to figure out the drying characteristics of the sludge layer.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1128-1133
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• 2008

Drying process in the thin film layer of sludge with the thickness less than a few millimeters has been investigated using the simple one-dimensional model. Thin film drying is usually used to dry the viscous materials like sewage sludge. The thin film layer of sludge is dried on the metallic surface through which thermal energy is supplied to the layer during drying. In order to solve the equations, the mass transfer rate on the drying surface should be determined. The mass flux of evaporated water vapor on the surface is estimated with the formulation given in the literature. The effect of heating temperature, film thickness, and air velocity on drying has been examined to figure out the drying characteristics of the sludge layer.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.476-483
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• 1993

상업적으로 생산되는 조미김의 흡습특성을 조사하기 위하여 조미김과 2종의 흡습제 (silica gel, zeolite)의 등온흡습곡선을 30, 40, 5$0^{\circ}C$에서 포화염용액을 사용하여 측정하였다. 실험온도 및 상대습도 범위내에서 평형수분함량에 도달하는데 조미김은 4~6시간, silica gel은 20~25시간, zeolite는 43~46시간이 소요되었다. 조미김과 흡습제의 등온흡습곡선은 모두 전형적인 sigmoid형 곡선을 나타냈다. BET식을 활용하여 구한 단분자층 수분함량은 조미김이 각 온도(30, 40, 5$0^{\circ}C$)에서 5.26, 4.46, 3.49% (d.b.)이었고, silica gel은 17.32, 15.24, 12.89% (d.b.), 그리고 zeolite가 16.87, 14.92, 14.33%(d.b.)로서 조미김에 비해 흡습제가 높은 범위의 단분자층 수분함량을 나타냈다. 또한 단분자층 수분함량은 온도가 증가함에 따라 실험온도 범위 내에서 직선적으로 감소함이 발견되었다 포장재의 투습도 역시 온도의 영향을 받음을 알 수 있었는데, 조미김 포장재의 투습계수의 온도의존성은 Arrhenius식으로 표시할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.610-621
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• 2018

칠기문화재의 보존처리는 문화재 보존 복원의 기본 원칙에 따라 전통재료를 활용하여 보존처리하는 것을 기본으로 하므로 보존처리 재료로써 옻칠의 사용이 요구된다. 하지만 옻칠은 고습의 환경에서 건조가 이루어져 수분에 의한 기물의 손상 가능성을 주의해야 한다. 또한 천연물질이므로 종류 및 산지에 따라 성분 조성이 달라져 이에 따른 건조특성과 건조조건이 다르게 나타나는 특징이 있어 균일한 결과를 내기 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 옻칠 조습 건조기를 이용하여 성분 함량에 따른 옻칠의 건조조건을 파악하고 결과로 얻어지는 옻칠 도막의 광학적 특성을 분석하여 데이터베이스화 하고자 하였다. 동일한 환경에 두 종류의 옻칠을 노출한 결과, 수분을 제외한 주성분비에서 우루시올의 비율이 평균 13.4% 높은 국내산 옻칠이 낮은 중국산 옻칠보다 건조속도가 2 배 ~ 3 배 빠름을 알 수 있었고 두 옻칠 모두 습도가 높은 환경일수록 건조시간이 단축됨을 확인하였다. 그리고 건조시간이 짧을수록 명도가 낮고 광택이 강한 옻칠 도막이 형성되었다. 단, 포화습도에서는 광택이 떨어지는 것을 확인하였다. 상대습도 70% 이하에서는 옻칠의 건조가 원활히 이뤄지지 않았고 장기간 건조되더라고 도막의 명도가 높고 색도 차이가 낮아 견고한 옻칠 도막을 형성하였다고 보기 어렵다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.533-540
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• 2011

This study is to develop a mulit-layer glued columns for construction of Korean-style houses by using domestic small diameter logs. Dried small square lumber glued each other to develop a multi-layer glued columns and evaluated its performance of strength. Then, predicted the design load of multi-layer glued columns and make a comparison between actual load and design load of multi-layer glued columns. In the results, allowable load by allowable stress of multi-layer glued columns was measured one-third of actual columns load and prediction load was measured less than 10~30% of the actual load. Therefore, muilt-layer glued member has a standard allowable stress of compressive of 13 MPa (Larix leptolepis) and 19 MPa (Chamaecyparis obtusa) when used as columns. Also, using compression strength of small diameter square logs could calculate maximum loads of multi-layer glued member as column.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2010

Silver stabilizing layer of coated conductor has been prepared by dip coating method using organic silver complexes containing 10 wt% silver as a starting material. Coated silver complex layer was dried in situ with hot air and converted to crystalline silver by post heat treatment in flowing oxygen atmosphere. A dense continuous silver layer with good surface coverage and proper thickness of 230 nm is obtained by multiple dip coatings and heat treatments. The film heat treated at $500^{\circ}C$ showed good mechanical adhesion and crystallographic property. The interface resistivity between superconducting YBCO layer and silver layer prepared by dip coating was measured as $0.67\;{\times}\;10^{-13}\;{\Omega}m^2$. Additional protecting copper layer with the thickness of $20\;{\mu}m$ was successfully deposited by electroplating. The critical current measured with the specimen prepared by dip coating and sputtering on same quality YBCO layer showed similar value of ~140 A and proved its ability to replace sputtering method for industrial production of coated conductor.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 1968

Recently, in this department, pressure-displacement curve and breaking tension of dog and human tympanic membrane were studied using intact, fresh or dried tympanic membrane attached to external auditory meatus. However, physical property, proper elasticity-Young Modulus, of the tympanic membrane has not been clarified yet. Present study is attempted to further clarify proper Young Modulus of tympanic membrane, and to distinguish possible difference between layer of stratum radiatum and layer of stratum circulare of tympanic membrane in breaking tension and in Young Modulus. Tympanic membrane was excised from sacrificed dog, and preparation was made into the size of approximately 1 mm in width and 3 mm in length. In fresh or dried tympanic membrane, which was dried at $80^{\circ}C$ for 24 hrs., some preparations were made along the long axis parallel to the fibers of radial direction, and others were made along the long axis perpendicular to the radial fibers-circular direction. Breaking tension and displacement according to loading, were measured and Young Modulus was calculated in tympanic membrane preparations under the different experimental conditions. Results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. Young Modulus of fresh tympanic membrane in radial direction was $6.57{\times}10^8\;dyne/cm^2$, and that of fresh preparation in circular direction was $1.68{\times}10^8\;dyne/cm^2$. The Young Modulus of fresh tympanic membrane in radial direction resembles to that of silk and whale moustache. In dried tympanic membrane, Young Modulus of preparation of radial direction was $30.2{\times}10^8\;dyne/cm^2$ and that of preparation in circular direction was $25.0{\times}10^8\;dyne/cm^2$. 2. Breaking tension of fresh tympanic membrane was 44.9 gm/mm in radial preparation, and 7.9 gm/mm in circular preparation. In dried tympanic membrane, breaking tension was 46.7 gm/mm in preparation of radial direction, and 17.2 gm/mm in preparation of circular direction. 3. Much smaller breaking tension of the circular preparation-one fifth to the radial preparation-seemed to be responsible for the higher incidence of circular fiber breaking in tympanic membrane performation caused by trauma or sudden change in atmospheric pressure. 4. The correlation seemed to be very close between breaking tension and Young Modulus in tympanic membrane.