• 제목/요약/키워드: Dressing Percentage

검색결과 235건 처리시간 0.024초

한우의 성장형질과 도체형질에 대한 유전상관 추정 (Estimation of Genetic Correlations for the Growth and Carcass Traits in Hanwoo)

  • 박철진;박영일
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제44권6호
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    • pp.685-692
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    • 2002
  • 본 연구는 농협중앙회 가축개량사업소와 한우개량단지에서 1991년도부터 1996년도까지 출생하여 사육된 1,823두의 한우 수소에 대한 자료를 이용하여 성장형질과 도체형질의 유전상관을 추정하기 위하여 실시하였으며, DF- REML을 이용한 다형질 Animal Model로 추정하였다. 12개월 체중과 일당증체량은 0.76, 12개월 체중과 체장은 0.79의 유전상관을 나타내었고, 18개월 체중과 일당증체량 및 18개월체중과 체장간의 유전상관은 각각 0.86 및 0.82로 추정되었다. 또한 냉도체중과 도체율, 배최장근단면적, 등지방두께 및 도체장간의 유전상관은 각각 0.39, 0.37, 0.44, 0.63으로 추정되었고, 등지방두께와 근내지방도는 0.36의 유전상관을 나타내었다. 냉도체중과 12개월 체중 및 18개월체중간의 유전상관은 0.71과 0.96으로 높은 정의 상관을 나타내었고, 체장과의 유전상관도 0.63과 0.75로 체중과 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. 도체율과 체중, 일당증체량, 체장, 곤폭 및 흉위간에는 정의 유전상관을 나타냈으며, 배최장근단면적과 성장형질간의 유전상관은 -0.07 ${\sim}$0.32으로 낮게 추정되었고, 등지방두께와 성장형질간 유전상관은 낮게 추정되었지만 18개월령 흉위에서 높게 나타났다. 근내지방도와 18개월 흉위는 0.25의 유전상관 상관이 추정되었다.

Latex 피복요소시용(被覆尿素施用)과 고온(高溫)이 건답직파(乾畓直播) 벼의 질소이용효율(窒素利用效率)과 수량(收量)에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Application of Latex Coated Urea on Yield and N-Use Efficiency of the Direct Seeding Rice on Dry Paddy Field in the Year of High Temperature)

  • 유철현;신복우;정지호;강승원;한상수;김성조
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제31권4호
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    • pp.324-329
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    • 1998
  • 본 연구(硏究)는 2년간('96~'97)의 이상고온(異狀高溫)해에 벼 건답(乾畓) 직파재배시(直播栽培時) 완효성시료(緩效性試料)(LCU)의 시용(施用)에 따른 시비질소(施肥窒素)의 토양중(土壤中) $NH_4-N$발현량(發現量), 질소흡수량(窒素吸收量) 및 이용율(利用率), 수량성(收量性) 변이(變異)를 조사(調査)하기 위하여 호남평야지(湖南平野地) 논토양(土壤)의 대표토양(代表土壤)인 전북통(全北統)에서 시험(試驗)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같이 요약(要約)할 수 있다. 시비질소(施肥窒素)의 용출(溶出)은 완효성비료(緩效性肥料)의 기비전량(基肥全量) 전층시비시(全層施肥時) 무효분얼기(無效分蘖期)에 거의 완료(完了)되었으며 관행의 표층시비(表層施肥)에서는 전기간(全期間) $NH_4-N$함량이 낮았다. 완효성비료(緩效性肥料) 시용구(施用區)의 출수기(出穗期) 비절현상(肥切現象)은 SPAD치(値) 28.1에서 나타났으며 경엽중(莖葉中) 질소농도(窒素濃度)는 1.75%였다. 질소이용율(窒素利用率)은 관행(慣行)에 비하여 완효성비료(緩效性肥料) 시용구(施用區)에서 높았고 관행(慣行)의 표층시비(表層施肥)에서는 전층시비(全層施肥)의 56.9%에 지나지 않았다. 쌀 수량(收量)은 완효성비료(緩效性肥料)를 기비(基肥)로만 시용한 것에 비하여 수비(穗肥)를 시용(施用)하므로써 9%의 증수(增收)를 보였다.

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Effects of Dietary Acetyl-L-Carnitine on Meat Quality and Lipid Metabolism in Arbor Acres Broilers

  • Zhang, Yong;Ma, Qiugang;Bai, Xiumei;Zhao, Lihong;Wang, Qiang;Ji, Cheng;Liu, Laiting;Yin, Haicheng
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제23권12호
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    • pp.1639-1644
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    • 2010
  • An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and lipid metabolism in broilers. A total of 240 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments (0, 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg dietary ALC supplementation, respectively). Compared with the control treatment, addition of ALC resulted in lower (linear effect, p<0.05) ADG and AFI. Abdominal fat percentage decreased (linear effect, p<0.05) as dietary ALC was increased, but there was no effect on dressing percentage, breast muscle percentage or thigh muscle percentage. Breast muscle pH value 24 h post-mortem increased (linear effect, p<0.05), but there were no significant differences among treatments. However, thigh muscle pH value increased (linear effect, p<0.05) as dietary ALC was increased. Breast and thigh muscle $a^*$ values increased (linear effect, p<0.05), and breast and thigh muscle $b^*$ values decreased (linear effect, p<0.05) with increased ALC in the diet. In addition, breast and thigh muscle shear force value decreased (linear effect, p<0.05) as dietary ALC was increased. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lipoprotein lipase decreased (linear effect, p<0.05) and free fatty acid and lipase in serum increased (linear effect, p<0.05) with increased ALC in diets.

춘파초지조성시 질소 및 가리의 분시방밥이 수량 및 식생에 미치는 영향 (Effect of the Split Application Method of Fertilizer Nitrogen and Potassium on the Yield and Botanical Composition in the Spring sowing Pasture)

  • 이혁호;박근제;정연규;이필상
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.124-130
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    • 1986
  • 본(本) 시험(試驗)은 춘파초지조성시(春播草地造成時) 목초(牧草)의 정착(定着)과 수량(收量) 및 식생변화(植生變化)를 조사(調査)하기 위(爲)하여 조성시(造成時)의 기비량(基肥量)을 2수준(水準)($N:P_2O_5:K_2O=80:200:70$ 및 160:200:140kg/ha), 관리시(管理時)의 질소(窒素) 및 가리(加里) 분시방법(分施方法)을 3수준(水準)(봄 다비(多肥), 균등분시(均等分時), 가을 다비(多肥))으로 하여 분할구법(分割區法) 4반복으로 포장(圃場) 배치(配置)하여 1984년 3월부터 1985년 10월까지 축산시험장(畜産試驗場)에서 실시(實施)하였던 바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 총(總) 건물수량(乾物收量)은 조성시(造成時)의 기비수준(基肥水準)이나 관리시(管理時)의 분시방법간(分施方法間)에 대차(大差)없었다. 2.화본과목초(禾本科牧草)의 총(總) 건물수량(乾物收量)은 조성시(造成時) N=160, $P_2O_5=200$$K_2O=140kg/ha$ 시용(施用)한 처리(處理)가 4,854kg/ha로서 보비(普肥)에 비(比)해 16% 증수(增收)되었으며 분시방법간(分施方法間)에는 별차이(別差異)가 없었다. 3. 두과목초(荳科牧草)의 총(總) 건물수량(乾物收量)은 조성시(造成時) 증시(增施)한 구(區)가 보비(普肥)에 비(比)해 23% 감소(減少)되었으며 분시방법간(分施方法間)에서는 봄 다비(多肥)에 비(比)해 균등분시(均等分施)는 3%, 가을다비(多肥)는 9% 감소(減少)되었다. 4. 야초(野草)의 건물수량(乾物收量)은 조성시(造成時)의 기비수준(基肥水準)에는 대차(大差)없었으나 분시방법(分施方法)에서는 봄 다비(多肥)에 비(比)해 균등분시(均等分施)는 6% 감소(減少)되었고 가을 다비구(多肥區)는 11% 증가(增加)되었다. 5. 식생구성비율(植生構成比率)에 있어서 조성시(造成時)의 다비(多肥)는 보비(普肥)에 비(比)해 화본과(禾本科)는 증가(增加)되었고 두과(荳科)는 감소(減少)되었으며 분시방법(分施方法)에 있어서는 균등분시(均等分施)가 비교적(比較的) 양호(良好)하였다. 6. 이상(以上)의 결과(結果)를 종합(綜合)해 볼 때 춘파초지조성시(春播草地造成時)의 목초(牧草) 정착(定着)을 위(爲)한 기비량(基肥量)은 N : 160, $P_2O_5$ : 200 및 $K_2O$ : 140kg/ha가 수량(收量) 및 식생유지면(植生維持面)에서 좋을 것으로 생각되며 분시방법(分施方法)은 균등분시(均等分施)가 좋을 것으로 사료(思料)된다.

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The Effects of Restricted Feeding and Feed Form on Growth, Carcass Characteristics and Days to First Egg of Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

  • Ocak, N.;Erener, G.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제18권10호
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    • pp.1479-1484
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    • 2005
  • A study was conducted to determine the effects of restricted feeding and feed form on the growth performance, characteristics of carcass and digestive tract, and days to first egg of Japanese quail (JQ, Coturnix coturnix japonica). A total of 240 oneweek-old JQ chicks were allocated randomly into 4 experimental groups that consisted of 3 replicates according to a 2${\times}$2 factorial arrangement for two feeding methods (ad libitum, AF and restricted feeding, RF) and two diet forms (mash, MD and crumble, CD). The JQ chicks were placed in a room with floor battery brooders and fed a commercial starter diet from 7 to 14 d of age. According to the experimental design, four treatments (1: ad libitum MD, 2: restricted MD, 3: ad libitum CD, and 4: restricted CD) were applied. Feed restriction was applied by 30% reduction of ad libitum feed intake for both MD and CD from 15 to 28 d of age. All birds were fed ad libitum with treatment diets from 29 d of age until the first laid egg seen (45 d of age). The commercial starter diet, MD and CD were in the same nutrient content (240 g crude protein with 13.4 MJ ME per kg diet). The body weight and overall feed conversion ratio (g feed/g gain) were higher (p<0.05) for the AF quails than the RF at 42 d of age. Carcass weights, dressing percentage and percentage yields of breast and back were similar for AF and RF groups at 42 d of age. The RF delayed (p<0.05) onset of egg production 2 days compared to the AF. Quail fed with the CD showed higher value (p<0.05) for carcass weight and dressing percentage at 42 d of age compared to birds fed with the MD. The interaction effect of feeding method${\times}$feed form on any of the studied parameters was not significant. The results suggest that feed restriction as in the present study can achieve a better feed conversion without reduction in carcass weight, and a significant benefit of feeding the crumble diet over the mash diet was obtained in terms of carcass weight in the JQ.

Effect of Dietary Fiber Level on the Performance and Carcass Traits of Mong Cai, F1 Crossbred (Mong Cai×Yorkshire) and Landrace×Yorkshire Pigs

  • Len, Ninh Thi;Lindberg, Jan Erik;Ogle, Brian
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.245-251
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    • 2008
  • The effects of feeding diets containing 20% (L) or 30% (H) neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (DM basis) on performance and carcass traits were studied in three breeds of pig, including pure Mong Cai (MC), crossbred Landrace$\times$Yorkshire (LY) and crossbred MC$\times$Yorkshire (F1). The experiment had a factorial design with two factors, breed and diet. Eighteen piglets of each breed ($60{\pm}3days$) were randomly allocated to three treatments: L-L, low fiber diet in both growing and finishing periods; L-H, low and high fiber diet in the growing and finishing period, respectively; and H-H, high fiber diet in both periods. The diets were iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous within feeding period. The main fibrous ingredients of the diets were rice bran and cassava residue. There were no effects of fiber level on daily dry matter feed intake (DMI), expressed as g/kg metabolic body weight (BW0.75), in both feeding periods (p>0.05). DMI was highest for MC, followed by F1 and LY (p<0.001). Average daily gain (ADG) in L-L and L-H was higher than in H-H in the growing period (p<0.001) and overall (p<0.05), while feed conversion ratio (FCR) was higher in H-H than in L-L and L-H in the growing period (p<0.05) and overall, but no significant differences between treatments were found in the finishing period. In both periods, Landrace$\times$Yorkshire had the highest ADG and the lowest FCR, followed by F1 and Mong Cai (p<0.001). There were no interactions between breed and diet for performance and carcass traits. Carcass and dressing percentage was lower for L-H and H-H than for L-L (p<0.05). There were no significant differences among treatments in back fat thickness and lean meat percentage, or in crude protein and ether extract contents of lean meat. Carcass, dressing and lean meat percentage was highest for LY, lowest for MC and intermediate for F1 (p<0.001). It can be concluded that feeding a high fiber diet in the growing period reduced pig performance, but there was no effect in the finishing period. Pure Mong Cai pigs are not particularly suitable for meat purposes, although the F1 cross with Large White had reasonably good growth performance and carcass quality.

A comparative study of carcass characteristics and meat quality in genetic resources Pekin ducks and commercial crossbreds

  • Kokoszynski, Dariusz;Piwczynski, Dariusz;Arpasova, Henrieta;Hrncar, Cyril;Saleh, Mohamed;Wasilewski, Rafal
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제32권11호
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    • pp.1753-1762
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    • 2019
  • Objective: The study was aimed to compare carcass traits, physicochemical and textural properties of meat in two different genotypes of Pekin ducks with regard to sex effect. Methods: The study involved 120 Pekin ducks: 30 males and 30 females of strain P33 (Polish native Pekin ducks) and 30 males and 30 females of Star 53 HY (commercial hybrid Pekin ducks). At 49 d of age, 48 birds (12 males and 12 females of each genotype) were selected for dissection. After the dissection, meat samples were collected to determine meat quality traits. Results: The studied Pekin ducks of different genotype showed significant differences in body weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage, as well as percentages of breast muscles, skin with subcutaneous fat, abdominal fat, neck, and remainders of eviscerated carcass with neck. Duck genotype influenced the content of crude protein, crude fat, Na, K, P, Zn, $pH_{24}$, electric conductivity ($EC_{24}$), cooking loss, $L^{\star}$, $a^{\star}$, most textural traits of breast muscle, and also Na, Mg and Fe content, $EC_{24}$, drip loss, cooking loss and $L^{\star}$, $a^{\star}$, and $b^{\star}$ colour coordinates of leg muscles. Regardless of genetic origin, males exhibited higher BW, carcass weight and carcass neck percentage, as well as lower redness, hardness, chewiness and gumminess of breast muscle compared to females. The genotype${\times}$sex interaction was significant for the crude fat content and cooking loss of breast muscle, and for the yellowness of leg muscle. Conclusion: Star 53 HY ducks are more suited for broiler production due to their higher body weight and dressing percentage. Their breast and leg meat are characterized by more beneficial chemical composition but has poorer sensory and textural properties compared to the meat of P33 ducks.

Meat Quality of Loin and Top Round Muscles from the Hanwoo and Holstein Veal Calves

  • Yim, Dong-Gyun;Chung, Eui-Gang;Chung, Ku-Young
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제35권6호
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    • pp.731-737
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    • 2015
  • This study was conducted to compare the meat qualities of loin (m. longissimus dorsi) and top round (m. semimembranosus) from Hanwoo and Holstein veal. Ten Hanwoo and Holstein calves were randomly selected from a local cattle farm and raised. They were slaughtered when they were 8 mon old and weighed. Weight and percentage in primal cuts and slaughter performance of Hanwoo and Holstein veal calves are obtained. Immediately after weighting, slices of loin and top round muscles were sampled. After vacuum packaging, the samples were subjected to proximate composition, physicochemical and microbiological analyses. Dressing weight and percentage were heavier and greater (p<0.05) in the Holstein than in the Hanwoo. Water contents of the top round muscle was higher in the Holstein than in the Hanwoo (p<0.05). Water-holding capacity, protein content and CIE L* (lightness) of both muscles were higher in the Holstein than in the Hanwoo veal, whereas fat content, pH, cooking loss, a* (redness), and b* (yellowness) were higher in the Hanwoo than in the Holstein veal (p<0.05). Thiobarbituric acid and volatile basic nitrogen values of both the muscles were lower in the Hanwoo than in the Holstein veal during the first 10 d of storage (p<0.05).

병원 간호사의 주요 피부소독제 인지도와 수행도에 영향을 미치는 요인 - 알코올, 클로르헥시딘, 베타딘을 중심으로 - (Affecting Factors on Hospital Nurses' Practice of Disinfection: Focused on Alcohol, Chlorhexidine Gulconate, and Povidone Iodine)

  • 최정실;안경주;박승미
    • Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.125-133
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: This study was performed to identify the affecting factors on hospital nurses' practice of disinfection focused on alcohol, chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG), and povidone iodine (PVI). Methods: The participants in this study were 196 nurses of 3 general hospitals and 2 upgrade general hospitals in 5 cities in Korea. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires in January, 2011. The collected data were analysed by ANOVA, Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: The subjects used alcohol and PVI daily for intravenous site care and surgical wound dressing respectively. The mean percentage of awareness in practicing main disinfectants were 80.0% and 72.5% respectively. The awareness and practice were highest in alcohol, but lowest in CHG. The mean percentage of practice of disinfectants was 72.5%. There was positive correlation among awareness and practice of main disinfectants. The awareness and nurses' salary explained 34.6% of variance in practice of disinfectants. Conclusion: An educational program focusing on strategy to enhance hospital nurses' awareness would be effective in improving their practice of disinfectants.

혼합유박 시용량 및 시용시기가 토양환경과 미질에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Application Time and Rate of Mixed Expeller Cake on Soil Environment and Rice Quality)

  • 양창휴;류철현;김병수;박우균;김재덕;정광용
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제41권2호
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    • pp.103-111
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    • 2008
  • 벼 재배시 유기질비료에 의한 질소비료 대체를 위하여 혼합유박의 적정 시용량 및 시용시기를 구명코자 전북통에서 동진1호를 공시하여 2년 동안 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 시험 후 토양화학성 중 유기물 함량은 표준시비에 비하여 혼합유박 기비 100%구에서 높은 반면에 총질소 함량은 가장 낮았으며 유효인산 함량은 혼합유박 대체 시용량이 적을수록 높았다. 또한 표준시비구에 비하여 혼합유박 시용구에서 유기물 함량이 높았고, 유효인산, 총질소 함량 및 양이온치환용량은 혼합유박 시용시기가 늦을수록 낮아지는 경향을 나타냈으며 치환성양이온은 큰 변화가 없었다. 토양 중 무기태질소 함량은 혼합유박 시용량이 많을수록 높은 경향으로 수확기 무기태질소는 기비 70%, 50% 시용구에서 거의 용출이 완료되었으며 질소 $110kg\;ha^{-1}$를 혼합유박으로 전량 기비로 시용하였을 경우 시비질소의 무기태질소 함량은 시용시기가 늦을수록 많았으나 생육후기로 갈수록 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 생육시기별 SPAD 측정치는 표준시비에 비하여 혼합유박 대체 시용량이 많을수록 높은 경향을 나타냈고, 생육중기까지는 혼합유박 시용구에서 표준시비구보다 짙은 반면에 생육후기에는 기비 70%, 50% 시용구에서 옅었으며 혼합유박 시용시기가 늦을수록 생육전반에 걸쳐 짙은 경향을 나타냈다. 또한 시비질소 흡수량은 혼합유박 대체 시용량이 많을수록 많았고 성숙기에는 기비 50% 시용구에서 표준시비구보다 흡수량이 적었으며 질소이용률은 기비 70% 시용구에서 가장 높았다. 혼합유박 시용시기가 이앙 전 10~15일 시용구에서 시비질소 흡수량이 가장 많았고 시용시기가 빠를수록 적어졌으며 질소이용률도 같은 경향이었다. 쌀 수량은 표준시비구($5.18Mg\;ha^{-1}$) 대비 기비 50% 시용구에서는 대등하였으나, 기비 70%, 100% 시용구에서 수수 및 영화수 확보가 많아 4% 증수되었고, 유박 시용구에서 2~5% 증수되었으며 특히 이앙 전 15~10일 시용구에서 높았다. 또한 시용시기가 늦을수록 간장과 수장이 길었고 수수와 영화수확보가 많았으나 등숙비율은 낮아지며 현미 천립중은 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 현미의 외관적 품질 중 완전립 비율은 기비 100% 시용구에서 가장 낮았고, 완전미 비율은 기비 70%, 50% 시용구에서 높았으며 현미 중 단백질 함량은 혼합유박 시용으로 적은 경향을 나타냈다. 결론적으로 평야지 보통논의 혼합유박 적정 시용량 및 시용시기는 기비 70%, 이앙 전 10~15일 시용으로 판단되었다.