• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.1077-1084
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• 2002

Optimum tool design is carried out fur a multi-stage rectangular cup deep-drawing and ironing process with the large aspect ratio. Finite element simulation is carried out to investigate deformation mechanisms with the initial design made by an expert. The analysis considers the deep drawing process with ironing for the thickness control in the cup wall. The analysis reveals that the difference of the drawing ratio within the cross section and the irregular contact condition produce non-uniform metal flow to cause wrinkling and severe extension. For remedy, the modification guideline is proposed in the design of the tool and the process. Analysis results confirm that the modified tool design not only improves the quality of a deep-drawn product but also reduces the possibility of failure. The numerical result shows fair coincidence with the experimental one. After tryouts of the tool shape, the rectangular cup has been produced in the transfer press.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.206-218
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• 2005

Structural studies of series of 'as spun' and drawn PEEK fibers have been carried out using X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy techniques. The analysis of results suggest that fibers produced at a constant draw ratio with increasing draw temperatures show enhanced orientation and crystalline behaviour. The resolved equatorial and meridional traces provide additional structural parameters in terms of crystallinity, crystallite size, and crystallite thickness. It is concluded that drawing at a temperature below $T_g(i.e.,\;144^{\circ}C)$ results in poorly oriented non-crystalline materials, whereas drawing above $T_g$ results in highly oriented semi crystalline materials. Additional drawing proved to increase the overall orientation with slight improvements in lateral order of the chain molecules. Quantitative analysis revealed that the crystallite size increases with increasing drawing temperature. The results also revealed the increased crystallite size upon additional drawing. Crystalline orientation parameter, $_c$, suggests almost perfect orientation. In all cases, the amorphous orientation is found to be lower than the overall orientation parameter obtained from the optical birefringence. As a result of additional drawing, crystalline orientation was found to increase slightly but the increase in the orientation of non-crystalline material was found to be substantial. An average crystalline density was determined from the orthorhombic unit cell dimensions. It was found to vary as a result of processing conditions. It was also found that the value of the maximum birefringence shows heavy dependence on the chain conformation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.94-97
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• 2001

An inverse finite element approach is employed for more capability to design the optimum blank shape from the desired final shape with small amount of computation time and effort. For multi-stage deep-drawing processes, numerical analysis is extremely difficult to carry out due to its complexities and convergence problem as well as tremendous computation time. In this paper, multi-stage finite element inverse analysis is applied to multi-stage rectangular cup drawing processes to calculate intermediate blank shapes and strain distributions in each stages. Deformation history of the previous stage is considered in the computation. Finite element patches are used to describe arbitrary intermediate sliding constraint surfaces.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.158-161
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• 2000

An inverse finite element approach is employed for more capability to design the optimum blank shape from the desired final shape with small amount of computation time and effort. For multi-stage deep-drawing processes, numerical analysis is extremely difficult to carry out due to its complexities and convergence problem as well as tremendous computation time. In this paper, multi-stage finite element inverse analysis is applied to multi-stage rectangular cup drawing processes to calculate intermediate blank shapes and strain distributions in each stages. Finite element patches are used to describe arbitrary intermediate sliding constraint surfaces.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.144-150
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• 2001

Tool design is introduced in a multi-stage rectangular cup drawing process with the large aspect ratio. Finite element simulation is carried out to investigate deformation mechanisms with the initial tool design. The analysis reveals that the difference of the drawing ratio and the irregular contact condition produces non-uniform metal flow to cause wrinkling and severe extension. For remedy, the modification guideline is proposed in the design of the tool and process. Analysis results confirm that the modified tool design not only improves the quality of a deep-drawn product but also reduces the possibility of failure.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.389-395
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• 2001

An inverse finite element approach is employed for more capability to design the optimum blank shape from the desired final shape with small amount of computation time and effort. For multi-stage deep-drawing processes with large aspect ratio, numerical analysis is extremely difficult to carry out due to its complexities and convergence problem. as well as tremendous computation time. In this paper, multi-stage finite element inverse analysis is applied to multi-stage rectangular cup drawing processes to calculate intermediate blank shapes and strain distributions in each stages. Deformation history of the previous stage is considered in the computation. Finite element patches are used to describe arbitrary intermediate sliding constraint surfaces.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.411-417
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• 2001

A Comparative study on deep drawing of clad sheet is carried out to investigate the forming characteristics and the effectiveness of modified finite element analysis. An elasto-plastic finite element analysis Is developed to analyze the forming of clad sheet using explicit scheme and layered shell. Axisymmetric deep drawing of stainless clad metal sheet is performed and thickness distribution is obtained. The corresponding finite element analysis shows good agreement with the results. Some disagreement can be explained by the assumption of shell element and the complexity of deformation of clad sheet.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.340-346
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• 1999

Circular drawbead forming and drawing characteristics of CO2 laser welded SPC1 blanks are investigated by experiments and numerical analysis. During the drawbead forming process, the distributions of major strain on upper and lower skins of the specimens are measured. During the drawing process, the drawing forces and the strain distributions are investigated. For the numerical analysis. DYNA3D and SGTAS, a developed rigid-plastic finite-element computer program are used. Numerical results predicted the deformation characteristics well in comparison with experiments. It is concluded that the strains and restraining forces during the forming and the drawing processes show different patterns according to the combination of welded blanks.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.14 no.9 s.81
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• pp.779-784
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• 2005

MTS(Monobloc Tube Shaft) has been used for the reduction in weight of shaft and increase in supply of power in the auto industry nowadays. Cold drawing process having high productivity and reduction in the cost has been regarded as the effective technology that is able to substitute for swaging process as forming MTS with constant outer diameter or hollow shaft without surface defects. The objective of this study is not only to (md out the optimal process conditions understanding the effect of process parameters on carrying out cold drawing process of SIS(Steering Input Shaft) but also to control the defects resulted from inappropriate process conditions. Therefore, the proper drawing conditions are presented using FE-Analysis and experiment in the paper.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.62-67
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• 2008

In this research, we developed a pilot wire-drawing machine as well as wire end-pointing roller. Using these machines, we performed a pilot wire-drawing test at different coating material and lubricant when the reduction ratio is 10 %. To inversely compute the friction coefficient between the coating layer of wire and the surface of die for a specific lubricant, we carried out a series of three dimensional finite element analysis. Results show that the drawing force is varied with the coating material of wire at the same reduction ratio and lubricant. It is noted that the frictional coefficient in drawing is dependent on the coupled property of coating material and lubricant, indicating the best coating material for a given lubricant.