• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.85-97
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine purchasing conditions and consumer complaint for outdoor sportswear items. The data used for a study were the complaint facts of 256 cases that were received at the Consumer Complaint Center of Gyeongnam YWCA during the period from July 2011 to April 2013. The statistical methods used to analyze data were Frequency Analysis and $x^2$-test by SPSS 14. The results of purchasing conditions analysis for outdoor sportswear items were as follows. According to outdoor sportswear items, purchasing place, purchasing price, and materials showed significant difference. The department store showed the highest ratio, but the ratio showed difference according to items. The price between over 100,000 won and under 200,000 won was most in case of T-shirts, padding, down jumper, aloha shirts, and pants. It showed as T-shirts and pants mixed spinning materials the most, jacket, padding, and down jumper used polyester the most, aloha shirts used cotton the most. The results of consumer complaint analysis for outdoor sportswear items were as follows. As a result of difference analysis for complaint occurrence place according to outdoor sportswear items, a laundry showed the highest ratio. As a result of difference analysis for the period used outdoor sportswear items until complaint occur, there was no significant difference. As a result of difference analysis for complaint type and contents according to outdoor sportswear items, the complaint types and contents were classified largely as change of color, change of shape, change of surface and touch, breakdown of subsidiary materials, and others.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.211-219
• /
• 1995

In this study of the Buddhist Stone Statues in Namsan in Kyungju. We have found out interesting facts as follow. This study is focused on the way the Buddhist Statues wear the robes. There are two basical types of wearing ; Tongkyun and Pyundanwookyun. In Silla, these types of wearing has been developed into its unique types based on the traditional culture. The stone Buddhist images show seven types of wearing based on the standard ones of Tongkyun and Pyundanwookyun. This variety in wearing rests on the various of Sungkari(Samghathi) and Bokgyenui(Samkaksika) and a chest sash which fixes Niwonsung(Nivasana). There are three cases inferred from the seven types of wearing the Buddha's robes : (1)Tonkyun type A: The only outer wear Sungkari(Samghathi) was put on as Tongkyun type. We can't find out any Bokgyenui(Samkaksika) or the chest sash of Niwonsung(Nivasana). (2)Tongkyun type B: Bokgyenui(Samkaksika) is put on the chest of Statue in Sungkari(Samghathi). (3)Tongkyun type C: This type is similar to Tonkyun type A, except that the end of the robe dangled down straight to the right side. (4)Tongkyun type D: Bokgyenui(Samkaksika) is bound with a chest sash. (5)Tongkyun type C: The robe is tied on the left shoulder as a cord and Bokgyenui(Samkaksika) is bound with a chest sash. (6)Pyundanwookyun type A: The robe dangled down from the left shoulder to the right armpit diagonally, so left shoulder is naked. (7)Pyundanwookyun type B: This type is similiar to Pyundanwookyun type A, but the end of Sungkari(Samghathi) is bound up to the left shoulder again. Considering above, the robe types of Buddha seem to have something to do with those of the Silla people: The chest sash is similar to the adjustment of Jeogori(the traditional jacket) of the Silla, and the typing cord in Buddha's robe corresponds to that of the traditional types.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.228-235
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to examine the functionality with material-improved working uniform(protocol, P) and current working uniform(control, C). Movement functionality evaluation of material-improved working uniform was carried out through sensory evaluation of working uniform. And Oxygen uptake was explored to different working uniform(P, C) in relation to a physiological functionality measurement. The results have been shown as follows: It was found that the workers feel uncomfortable with the parts of the wrist, the back width, the shoulder seam and the side in the current working uniform when they move their arms up and down, but the inconvenience has been reduced in the material-improved working uniform. And It was found that the workers feel uncomfortable with the parts of the back width, the wrist and the side seam of the jacket, and the waist, the hips and the thigh of the trousers in the current working uniform when they move their waist, but the inconvenience has been reduced in the material-improved working uniform. In the current working uniform, it was also found that they feel uncomfortable with the parts of the horse riding position in which they stand straight in their slightly bended knees, with the parts of the hips, the side seam, the thigh and the knees when they crouch down, and with the parts of the hips and the thigh when they put one of their legs onto a higher place. However, the inconvenience was reduced in the material-improved working uniform. Oxygen uptake, which was measured to assess physiological dressing functionality, was found to be higher when people work in an uncomfortable uniform than when they work in a uniform of better functionality by an increase in metabolic rate, which can be a cause of workers' inefficiency of fatigue.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.177-183
• /
• 1978

Byul-Gam is a low-ranking official who takes charge of sundry services in Yi-Dynasty court, and escorts his king when he make a honored going. Uniforms of Byul-Gam are noted for their gaiety. This study aims at inquiring into uniforms of Byul-Gam through historical records. The resultant findings are as follows: 1) Uniforms of Byul-Gam are divided into full dress and ordinary clothes. 2) The full dress has two kinds of style. One is Dan-Ryung, a kind of robe, clad together with Gun as a headdress. This robe is blue, Gun for king's Byul-Gam violet, and Gun for the Crown Prince's Byul-Gam blue. The other is a combination of yellow Cho-Rip and red Chup-Ri. This is a military uniform. 3) Ordinary dresses for Byul-Gam are orange Cho-Rip and red Jik-Ryung. Underwear in this case is Hyup-Joo-Um and Chup-Ri. Hyup-Joo-Um is a kind of robe. Inside it Korean style of jacket and slacks are usually clad. 4) As time passed, the uniform of Byul-Gam had been changed from Cheong-Dan-Ryung to Hong-Dan-Ryung, and Jik-Ryung had been shifted to a full dress. 5) Only five remains of Jik-Ryung for Byul-Gam have been handed down to us. The analysis of those indicate that they gradually became similar to Duru-Magi, a kind of Korean robe. This fact is common in the other transfiguring process of dresses of robe kind.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.52-57
• /
• 2018

Most current ships have adopted on-board diesel generators to produce electricity, but the overall efficiency of equipment is down to about 50% due to thermal losses from operations such as exhaust gas, jacket water cooler, scavenge air cooler, etc. Recently, fuel cells have been highlighted as a promising technology to reduce the effect on the environment and have a higher efficiency. Therefore, this paper suggested a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)-gas turbine (GT) using waste heat from a SOFC and SOFC-GT-steam turbine (ST) with Rankine cycle. To compare both configurations, the fuel flow rate, current density, cell voltage, electrical power, and overall efficiency were evaluated at different operating loads. The overall efficiency of both SOFC hybrid systems was higher than the conventional system.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.31-41
• /
• 2013

By researching Western equestrian clothing, this study investigated the process in which styles of menswear are introduced into women's sportswear. In addition to women's equestrian clothing shown in paintings and illustrations kept in overseas museums, this study also analyzed books addressing 200 years of Western dress style history, from the late $17^{th}$ century to the $19^{th}$ century. The analysis data present the design characteristics of women's equestrian clothing according to different periods. A total of 21 works were used as research data: two from periods prior to the $17^{th}$ century, three from the $17^{th}$ century, ten from the $18^{th}$ century, and six from the $19^{th}$ century. The research results show that items of trendy menswear were commonly used in women's equestrian clothing during the late $17^{th}$ century - to be specific, in all forms of clothing worn on the upper body, including coat and cravat, tricomhat, and accessories. Women's equestrian clothing after the $18^{th}$ century took the form of menswear. However, the uniform was also generally worn with a fitted, tailored redingote on top of the robe, along with pants. In the $19^{th}$ century, women's equestrian clothing became longer in length, like men's styles. The uniform gradually lost volume, and the jacket became shorter and narrower. In addition, the drawers were replaced with pants that came down to the ankles, which were similar to men's trousers. Breeches also became knee - length, thus following the style of menswear. These results show that women's equestrian clothing, worn during horseback riding, a sport previously enjoyed by Western aristocrats, were similar to what men wore. Also, in contrast to the distinct differences seen between men's and women's daily clothing, the equestrian uniforms of women showed a tendency to follow the clothing style of men.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.400-410
• /
• 2017

Bactria was the intersection of transportation between Greece-Iran and Central Asia at the Silk Road. This kingdom was Greek in all of its ruling classes. Because the Greek culture of Bactria spread to India and the east, Bactria was a very important place in ancient civilizations. The purpose of this study is to understand the life and the various cultures of Bactria and the influence of Greek culture on the costumes of Bactria. The research method was approached through the analysis of the empirical data. Data on antiquities were analyzed in European exhibition catalogs and secondary data collected from Internet. The results of this study are as follows: First, the original costume of Bactria was identified in two styles in the reliefs of the Persian Achaemenid. One is the tunic jacket sarapis that goes down to the knee and wide trousers with half-length boots. The other is the Scythian style trousers that looks like a barrel in a Sarapis. Second, in the Bactrian coin depicting the bust of the Bactrians, the hair styles and headgear of the Bactrian kings were analyzed. The Bactrians wore braids with short curly hair and wore Macedonian hats and helmets on them. Third, the relics excavated from the ruins of Ai-Khanuom depicted the forms of the ruling classes of Bactria. The dress styles and hair styles of gods and priests were imitating the form of the Greek costume as it is.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.67 no.1
• /
• pp.147-168
• /
• 2017

This study examines the types and characteristics of women's garments excavated in the early Joseon Dynasty before 1592. The study sorts out headgear, jacket, skirt and trousers, and coats from the historical texts in the early Joseon Dynasty and excavated women's wears in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and analyzes their textiles and patterns. The Joseon women's garments convey several features. They are wide across the chest and square shaped collar with virtually straight sleeves. While their breast-ties are extremely little for the size of clothes, they do not have any inner-tie. They have broad and short dongjeongs which seem to be hard to be adjusted. There are a variety of headgear. Jang-Jeogori slit down in both sides. The Jeogori after the seventeenth century transformed a more practical form of a fitting dress to an individual body in comparison with the sixteenth jeogori. It is identified that the fabrics in the early Joseon period were woven more diversely and colorfully than the late Joseon period. Most of the excavated fabrics in the sixteenth century were in silk. Materials for adornments before 1592 were not much diverse and their designs mostly contained patterns of lotus flowers, patterns of cloud and treasures with oblique lines. The colors are mainly brown, navy and green. The Joseon women's clothes were comprised of skirts with folded hem, coat with round collars, wide leg pants, Jangot, long-sleeved coat with folding collars, and quadrangular pieces of cloth in various sizes, or mu and so forth. Joseon women's clothes, like men's wears, partake of active functions in their headgears, wide leg pants, styles in short front and long back, and coat with round collars.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.9
• /
• pp.310-320
• /
• 2020

BTS has established itself as a leading Korean popular music group in the global mainstream music market. In addition, BTS's fashion style is receiving so much attention that it is featured in the social networks of foreign media and the public. The purpose of this study considers BTS' fashion trends based on the analysis of their fashion styles. The methods and scope of this study have been combined with theoretical studies related to the fashion impact of BTS and BTS, as well as content analysis studies based on the image of BTS over the last five years. The results of this study are as follows. First, it was found that they pursue classic and modern styles through suits that emphasize straight silhouettes, the use of achromatic colors, and simplified decorations. Second, it has been shown that BTS prefers a casual style of free-spirited and comfortable sensibility by matching a jacket with a round shoulder line, toned-down skinny jeans, hood T-shirts, lettering patterns, and vivid colors. Third, BTS pursues a dynamic and active sporty style by utilizing the sleeveless basketball shirts, round neckline baseball shirts and shorts, training pants, and overfit sweatshirts with an emphasis on lettering patterns.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.859-879
• /
• 2004

As a result of research, the characteristics of the general costumes from the king Young-Cho period to the king Jung-Cho period in Genre Paintings of Mung-Hyun Oho, Yong Yun, In-Sang Lee, Hee-Eon Kang follows. First, the typical man wore his hair in a topknot(sangtu), and put on 'Bung-gu-ji', 'Lip', or a scarf on his head. The length of the 'Jeogori'(Korean traditional jacket) was long enough to cover the waist. Dress for work had side slits, and had half length sleeve Jeogori, and short pants looked like 'Jam-bang-i'. They went barefoot and wore 'Jipsin'(Korean traditional straw shoes). Dress for outdoor was 'Po' that knot at front of chest by band. 'Baji'(slacks) were with knot below knee, worn 'Hang-jun'(ankle band) and the width of slacks was suitable. They were 'Beoseon'(Korean traditional socks) and shoes. Second those in the upperc1ass and those in the military put on 'Mang-geon', 'Gat', 'Sa-bang-gan', 'Tang-geon', 'Bok-geon' on their head on a topknot. Most of them wore 'So-chang-i', 'Jung-chi-mag' or 'Do-po'. The length of Jeogori covered the waist or the hip and were tied with 'Go-rum'(ribbon). Baji was tied with Hang-jun and 'Dae-nim'. The waist of the slacks were tied with a dark colored waist-band and folded down their waist of slacks. They wore white color Beoseon and 'Hye' or dark color leather shoes. They wore 'Sup'(assistant of arm) for bow. It showed the lifestyle of the 18C with fan, 'Be-ru', 'Mug', 'Yun-jug', teacup, pot, etc. Third, child's hair was short or knotted to the back of the head. The length of Jeogori reached waist line, Git of Jeogori was 'Dunggurai-Kit'(shape of round) and other style Jeogori, which reached the hip line, had side-slit. Baji was tied with Dae-nim, and the width of the slacks is suitable. They hang 'Yum-nang'(Pocket). Final, most women worked outdoors wearing their hair in a high twisted style, or covered it with scarf. They wore Jeogori and 'Chima'(Korean traditional skirts), Bagi. They folded up the sleeves of the Jeogori. And they folded the 'Jambang-i-styled' pants to just above the knees, fastening at the waist. When they wore skirts, they also wore underpants under the skirt that went down to the knees. Most of them went barefoot and wore straw shoes, Jipsin. Through genre paintings, we can understand the ways and forms of our ancestor's clothing. And with our understanding, interest, and passion, we can be familiar with Hanbok in our daily life by succeeding and creating its peculiar style. And then we can promote the globalization of Hanbok.