• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.200-204
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• 2013

To contruct amylolytic industrial strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae which produce ethanol efficiently from raw starch, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ${\alpha}$-amylase genes (Amy) or Aspergillus awamori glucoamylase genes (GA1) was separately introduced into the ribosomal DNA loci in the chromosomes of the raw starch fermenting-parental strain (ATCC 9763/$YIp{\delta}AGSA{\delta}$), using double 18S rDNA-integration system. Ethanol production after 3 days of fermentation by the strain that produced ethanol most efficiently from raw starch (ATCC 9763/$YIp{\delta}AGSA{\delta}$/YIpAG2rD) among the transformant strains was 1.5-times higher than that by the parental strain. This new strain generated 9.2% (v/v) ethanol (72 g/L) from 20% (w/v) raw corn starch and consumed 75% of the raw starch content during the same period.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.10
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• pp.80-86
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• 2014

A low-noise readout circuit is studied for 2-D capacitive microbolometer focal plane arrays (FPAs). In spite of the merits of the integration method, a simple and effective pixelwise readout circuit without integration is used for input circuit because of a small pixel size and narrow noise bandwidth. To reduce the power consumption and the kT/C noise, which is the dominant noise of the capacitive microbolometer FPAs with small capacitance, a new correlated double sampling (CDS) is used for columnwise circuit. The proposed circuit has been designed using a $0.35-{\mu}m$ 2-poly 4-metal CMOS process for a microbolometer array with a pixel size of $50{\mu}m{\times}50{\mu}m$. The proposed circuit effectively reduces the kT/C noise and the other low-frequency noise of microbolometer, and the noise characteristics of the fabricated chip have been verified by measurements. The rms noise voltage of the proposed circuit is reduced from 30 % to 55 % compared to that of the simple readout input circuit, and the noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) of the proposed circuit is very low value of 21.5 mK.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.371-380
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• 2010

The CATR(Compact Antenna Test Range) is a testing facility which is to provide the uniform plane wave by using the reflector. As the ripple of the uniform plane wave caused by the diffraction rays at the edge of the reflector, serrations are attached at the edge of the reflector to minimize the ripple of the uniform plane wave in the CATR. The diffraction field of the serration is normally analyzed by the Fresnel diffraction formula which is expressed as the double integration, and the structure of the serration is expressed as Fourier series to apply the double integration of the Fresnel diffraction formula. In this paper, the novel shark-fin shaped serrations which have the height modulation of the adjacent serrations are proposed. And the triangular serrations and the novel shark-fin shaped serrations are compared to confirm that the performance of the quiet zone by the shark-fin shaped serrations is better than by the triangular serrations. It is also confirmed that the novel shark-fin shaped serrations which have the height modulation of the adjacent serrations are lower ripple than which have the same height of the adjacent serrations. Accordingly, the novel shark-fin shaped serrations with the height modulation can be used at the edge of the reflector to provide the uniform plane wave in CATR.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.161-168
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• 2015

In this paper, we present an inertial sensor-based gait distance measurement system using accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer. To minimize offset and gain error of inertial sensors, we performed the calibration using the self-made calibration jig with 9 degrees of freedom. For measuring accurate gait distance, we used gradient descent algorithm to remove gravity error and used analysis of gait pattern to remove drift error. Finally, we measured a gait distance by double-integration of the error-removed acceleration data. To evaluate the performance of our system, we walked 10m in a straight line indoors to observe the improvement of removing error which compared un-calibrated to calibrated data. Also, the gait distance measured by the system was compared to the measurement of the Vicon motion capture system. The evaluation resulted in the improvement of $31.4{\pm}14.38%$(mean${\pm}$S.D.), $78.64{\pm}10.84%$ and $69.71{\pm}26.25%$ for x, y and z axis, respectively when walked in a straight line, and a root mean square error of 0.10m, 0.16m, and 0.12m for x, y and z axis, respectively when compared to the Vicon motion capture system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.55 no.7 s.98
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• pp.156-170
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• 2005

As contemporary art tends to diverge from its fixed genres and intends to appeal to the public, fashion comes to contribute to the contemporary art area, by playing an important part in the creation of artistic value of art work. Nowadays, it is not unusual to see fashion work shown in an art exhibition parallel with art work, since some artists adopt costumes as the medium of their work in order to explore various means of expression. The occurrence of philosophical, sociological theories concerning human body parallelled with the prevalence of the post-structuralist ideas and occurrence of various styles of artistic expressions of body encouraged active research and attracted social attention to body. With such background, fashion art was formed by a means of the integration of body and fashion in order to create extreme artistic expression. 1 intend to investigate a variety of trends in fashion art from the viewpoint of body space. This study developed criteria for fashion image in contemporary art. Those criteria are based on the dichotomy that divides body into inner aspects and outer aspects. According to the criteria, Firstly, the extension type of body shape includes enlargement and reduction as its sub-types. Secondly, the opening-closure type includes opening type and closure type as its sub-types. Thirdly, the intensity type categorizes clothes into uniqueness and hybridity. Dynamism type classifies fashion art into fixation and moving. The various expressions of clothes type are interpreted as a means by which we can criticize many phenomena of modern society, such as loss of humanity, isolation of individuals, loss of identity, commercialism, and materialism. In the latter period of modern society, the integration of the double-faced nature of body and spirit was attempted and popular fashion was introduced into art in order to express desire, death, gender, identity, and sexual pleasure.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.245-249
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• 2013

The depropanizing, debutanizing and deisobutanizing fractionation steps of processing natural gas liquids were improved through studying complex distillation arrangements, including the double dividing wall column arrangement (DDWC), the sequence including a dividing wall column (DWC) and a bottom DWC (BDWC), and the sequence including a DWC and a BDWC with top vapor recompression heat pump. These arrangements offer benefits by decreasing reboiler and condenser power consumption. Reducing the number of columns and their diameters can potentially reduce construction costs. The result also showed that operating cost could be reduced most significantly through novel combinations of internal and external heat integration: bottom dividing wall columns employing a top vapor recompression heat pump.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.409-430
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• 2006

The aim of this study is to investigate the reliability of strong motion records processed by causal and acausal Butterworth filters in comparison to the results obtained from a synthetic accelerogram. For this purpose, the fault parallel component of the Bolu record of the Duzce earthquake is modeled with a sum of exponentially damped sinusoidal components. Noise-free velocities and displacements are then obtained by analytically integrating the synthetic acceleration model. The analytical velocity and displacement signals are used as a standard with which to judge the validity of the signals obtained by filtering with causal and acausal filters and numerically integrating the acceleration model. The results show that the acausal filters are clearly preferable to the causal filters due to the fact that the response spectra obtained from the acausal filters match the spectra obtained from the simulated accelerogram better than that obtained by causal filters. The response spectra are independent from the order of the filters and from the method of integration (whether analytical integration after a spline fit to the synthetic accelerogram or the trapezoidal rule). The response spectra are sensitive to the chosen corner frequency of both the causal and the acausal filters and also to the inclusion of the pads. Accurate prediction of the static residual displacement (SRD) is very important for structures traversing faults in the near-fault regions. The greatest adverse effect of the high pass filters is their removal of the SRD. However, the noise-free displacements obtained by double integrating the synthetic accelerogram analytically preserve the SRD. It is thus apparent that conventional high pass filters should not be used for processing near-fault strong-motion records although they can be reliably used for far-fault records if applied acausally. The ground motion parameters such as ARIAS intensity, HUSID plots, Housner spectral intensity and the duration of strong-motion are found to be insensitive to the causality of filters.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.855-862
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• 2003

This paper suggests the PIFA structure modified antenna in which short-circuit plate is located between planar element and ground plane, in order to solve the problem of narrow band of existing internal antenna, PIFA. It is also suggested that internal antenna has the perturbation in the patch to broaden the frequency bandwidth. It is possible that the antenna is installed into the mobile telephone with a low profile condition(h=0.015 λ) to use internally, and acquired desired bandwidth(5.2 %) through double resonance structure, remodeling the PIFA that is already well-known as an internal antenna. This paper investigated how characteristic is affected by the feeding point(Yf, Zf), short strip plate(Zs), short strip width(Ws), perturbation width(w), length(d), short plate height(h), dielectric($\varepsilon$$\_$r/) to be slim type antenna. It is compared with existing PIFA bandwidth, and is suggested pattern as the H.E plane. It is simulated using the Microwave Studio of the CST Inc. based on FIM(Finite Integration Method) method and analyzed antenna characteristic following the variation each parameters. The result proved the practical use of PIFA antenna by comparing the measured and simulated data of the antenna.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.1764-1776
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• 2014

This study is the context about an introduction of a bookkeeping by double entry & accrual base accounting which is the turning point of National Accounting and defense integrated financial management which is delivered following system Digital Budget Accounting system, in other words about something to do with the improvement of efficiency of financial information data. National defense Integration Financial Information system (NDIFIS) facilitates Project program management and makes the whole process of Defense financial Business manageable in one system. Also, there is a purpose to increase the credibility and transparency of National defense finances by providing internal and external information users with credible financial statements and cost materials. By using data envelopment analysis (DEA) which is a useful method to measuring the efficiency of organization, this study aims to improve the financial information data efficiency by comparing the efficiency of the same type troops and when it comes to the inefficient troops, by offering the certain objective of efficiency.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.208-219
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• 2021

In the era of the 4th industrial revolution driven by the convergence of ICT(information and communication technology) and manufacturing, research on smart factories is being actively conducted. In particular, the manufacturing industry prefers smart factories that autonomously connect and analyze data. For the efficient implementation of smart factories, it is essential to have an integrated production system that vertically integrates separately operated production equipment and heterogeneous S/W systems such as ERP, MES. In addition, it is necessary to double-verify production data by using automatic data collection technology so that the production process can be traced transparently. In this study, we want to show a case of data-centered integration of a large aircraft parts processing factory that requires high precision, takes a long time, and has the characteristics of processing large raw materials. For this, the components of the data-oriented integrated production system were identified and the connection structure between them was explained. And we would like to share the experience gained through the design and implementation case. The integrated production system proposed in this study integrates internal components based on data, which is expected to serve as a basis for SMEs to develop into an advanced stage, and traces materials with RFID technology.