• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.30-35
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to develop a new cuff to improve the accuracy of blood pressure measurement, and to evaluate the performance of the developed system. We added a small bladder to the normal cuff, which we refer to as the double bladder system. The system that we developed for blood pressure measurement was based on the oscillometric method using a double bladder. This system was developed in order to reduce the oscillation noise and to amplify the signal of pure blood pressure. An oscillometric signal database based on the developed system was evaluated according to the ANSI/AAMI/SP10-1992 standard. The correlation coefficients between the cuff of the double bladder and the normal cuff were 0.98 for systolic pressure and 0.94 for diastolic pressure. The mean differences and the standard deviations between the average blood pressure obtained from a mercury manometer and that obtained from an automated sphygmomanometer were -0.7mmHg and 4.9mmHg for systolic, and -1.4mmHg and 5.4mmHg for diastolic pressure. We conclude that the proposed double bladder-based cuff system improves the accuracy of oscillometric blood pressure measurement. The developed system reduces the range of error by about $44{\sim}62%$ for systolic pressure and about $6{\sim}21%$ for diastolic pressure compared to the most recently developed, commercially available sphygmomanometers.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.181-188
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to develop the new cuff improving the accuracy of blood pressure measurement, and to evaluate the performance of the developed system. We added a small bladder to the normal cuff which is called the double bladder system. The developed system for blood pressure measurement was based on the oscillometric method using a double bladder. This system was developed in order to reduce the oscillation noise and to amplify the signal of pure blood pressure An oscillometric signal database based on the developed system were evaluated following the standard ANSI/AAMI/SP10-1992. The correlation coefficients between cuff of double bladder and normal cuff were 0.98 for systolic and 0.94 for diastolic. Mean differences and the standard deviations between average blood pressure of mercury sphygmomanometer and automated sphygmomanometer were -0.7mmHg and 4.9mmHg for systolic, and -1.4mmHg and 5.4mmHg for diatolic, respectively. We conclude that the proposed double bladder based cuff system improves the accuracy of the oscillometric blood pressure measurement. The developed system reduces the error range about $44\~62\%$ for systolic and about $6\~21\%$ for diastolic compared to the recently developed commercially available sphygmomanometers.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate double-pigtail ureteral stent fixation in cats. Medical records of 19 cats (23 ureters) with complete ureteral obstruction that double-pigtail ureteral stent placement were carried out were retrospectively reviewed. The cats were randomly classified into two groups; 13 cats (16 ureters) with double-pigtail ureteral stent fixed to urinary bladder (SF group) and 6 cats (7 ureters) with not fixed to urinary bladder (SNF group). The average age and weight of the cats was 7.4 years and 3.73 kg, respectively. Postoperative complications included chronic renal failure (n = 11), lower urinary track diseases (cystitis, hematuria, pollakiuria) (n = 7), stent migration (n = 6), anemia (n = 5), ascites (n = 2), hyperthermia (n = 1), enteritis (n = 1), oliguria (n = 1), hypotension (n = 1), ureteritis (n = 1), and pyelonephritis (n = 1). Stent migration did not occur in the 16 ureters of the cats in SF group but did occur in 4 out of 7 ureters of the cats in SNF group. The prevention of stent migration by stent fixation was significant (P = 0.04). Among the 13 cats in SF group, only 2 cats developed lower urinary track diseases, while 4 of the 6 cats in SNF group showed symptoms of lower urinary track disease. Thus, the cats that underwent double-pigtail ureteral stent fixation to the urinary bladder developed significantly fewer lower urinary diseases (P = 0.046). In conclusion, double-pigtail ureteral stent fixation to the urinary bladder for treatment of complete ureteral obstruction in cats can effectively prevent stent migration, which is common complication of stent placement.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.62-65
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• 2004

A 13-year-old, male Maltese was refered to Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Konkuk University with inappropriate urination and hematuria. CBC, serum chemistry profile, urinalysis and urine culture were performed. Malignant cells were found in the urine sediment. Thoracic and abdominal radiography, retrograde positive-contrast cystography, retrograde double-contrast cystography, excretory urography, ultrasonography were performed. On the retrograde positive-contrast cystography examination, irregular filling defects were present on the left side of the cranial part of the bladder. Partial cystectomy performed and then medical therapy was conducted. On histopathological examinations, the lesion was confirmed as a transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.235-238
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• 1988

저자들은 최근 약 5cm 길이의 근위부 맹관을 가진 불완전 종복요도를 발견하여 이의 완전 적출술을 시행하여 병리 검사상 편평 상피세포로 구성된 요도를 확인하였기에 문헌적 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.973-990
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• 1996

To investigate diagnostic imaging of cystitis and to apply it to the small animal practice, ultrasonogram of urinary bladder with moderate distension(4ml/kg) and with complete distension(9ml/kg) to evaluate the irregularity and thickness of bladder, radiography and histopathological examination were performed after experimental cystitis induction. On double contrast cystography, mucosal membrane of the urinary bladder was smooth and thickening urinary bladder wall was not found before cystitis induction. At 3rd day post induction(PI), mucosal irregularity was noted at the cranioventral region of the urinary bladder. Thickening of the urinary bladder wall and filling defect was observed as well. Cystographic findings of 7, 10, 15, 21 day PI were similar to that of 3rd day PI. On ultrasonographic findings of the mural thickness in induction group, it was ascertain that the mural thickness with moderate distention was more thickened than with complete distention at transverse scan. Ultrasonographic findings at longitudinal scan were similar to those of transverse scan. On ultrasonographic findings of mucosal irregularity in induction group, from PI to 7 day PI, mucosal irregularity with moderate distention was more irregular than mucosal irregularity with complete distention. At 10 day PI, there was similarity between moderate distention and complete distention. On histopathologic examination of a section of urinary bladder taken 3 day PI, the mucosal and submucosa were infiltrated by a mixture of thick inflammatory exudate which was composed of neutrophil, plasma protein, bacterial colony and necrotic cells. Congestion, hemorrhage and edema were also observed in the submucosa. At 7th day PI, the mucosal change was similar to that of 3rd day PI, but neovascularization and fibroplasia were observed in the submucosa. At 15th and 21th day PI, mild hyperplasia of mucosal epithelium was observed in the mucosa. Deposition of collagen, neovascularization and severe diffuse infiltration of lymphocyte were observed. These results suggest that ultrasonographic examination with moderate distention is considered to be a more simple, rapid, noninvasive, sensitive and useful diagnostic method than other diagnostic methods for the diagnosis of the cystitis and the differential diagnosis of urinary tract infection.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.116-120
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• 2022

Objective: To estimate the efficacy of sequential treatment of bladder endometriosis (BE) of the vesicoureteric junction using transurethral resection (TUR) and hormonal therapy. Design: Case report. Setting: Private multispecialty hospital. Patient: A multiparous woman presented with perimenstrual lower urinary tract symptoms, cyclic chronic pelvic pain, and left loin pain. Intervention[s]: Ultrasonography revealed marked left renal dilatation. Computed tomography confirmed the presence of a bladder mass. A diagnostic cystoscopy revealed compression of the left vesicoureteral junction. Complete TUR BE with release of chocolate material during resection, followed by ureteric double J stent insertion for 3 months, was performed. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of BE, followed by adjuvant hormonal therapy (dienogest) for 3 months. Follow-up for about 2 years revealed complete relief of the symptoms without any recurrence. Main Outcome Measure[s]. Success and recurrence rates of sequential TUR and hormonal therapy of BE of the vesicoureteric junction. Result[s]. TUR BE followed by adjuvant hormonal therapy was very effective in eradicating BE of the vesicoureteric junction in a safe manner without recurrence on follow-up for 2 years. Conclusion[s]. BE of the vesicoureteric junction can be properly treated by sequential TUR and hormonal therapy without recurrence over a 2-year follow-up.

• Investigative and Clinical Urology
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.410-415
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• 2018

Purpose: Despite meticulous techniques, surgical complications continue to be problematic in kidney transplant recipients. Role of routine stenting to reduce complications is controversial. In this study, we compare incidence of early urological complications, lymphoceles, urinary tract infections (UTI) and graft function; with or without double-J stenting. Materials and Methods: All patients who underwent live related donor renal transplantation from February 2014 to February 2016 were included. Transplants prior to February 2015 were without routine stenting; subsequent transplants were with routine stenting. Patients with neurogenic bladder, previously operated bladder and delayed or low urinary output were excluded. Followup was for at least three months. Descriptive statistics was performed for all parameters. Chi square test and Fisher's Exact test were used for qualitative variables. For quantitative variables, Mann-Whitney test was used to test median difference and independent samples t-test for mean difference. The p-value ${\leq}0.05$ was considered significant. Results: We analysed 74 patients (34 stented and 40 non-stented). There was no difference in the incidence of urinary leak, anastomotic obstruction, lymphoceles or UTI (p>0.4 for all comparisons). However, mean estimated glomerular filtration rate at sixth day, 14th day, one month and two months were 76.1 vs. 61.5 (p=0.025), 72.1 vs. 56.6 (p=0.005), 79.4 vs. 63.1 (p=0.002) and 82.0 vs. 63.3 (p=0.001) in the stented versus non-stented groups. Conclusions: Placement of ureteral stent in renal transplant does not significantly affect the incidence of early urinary complications or UTI. However, graft function is significantly better in stented recipients, at least in the short term.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 세기조절방사선치료와 이중회전(double arcs)을 통한 래피드아크 치료용 치료계획을 수행하였고, 각각의 선량분포와 DVH의 특성을 비교, 평가하였다. 또한 정도관리를 통해 래피드아크 치료에 대한 신뢰도 및 정확도를 평가하고 이러한 과정들을 통해 환자에 대한 적절한 치료방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 두 치료기술에 대한 치료계획 시 임상표적 용적(Clinical Target Volume, CTV)과 치료표적용적(Planning Target Volume, PTV)과 직장에 동일한 최적화 조건을 적용하였고, 그 외 정상조직에 대하여 최적화 조건 없이 가장 단순화한 조건에서 최적화의 능력과 결과 차이를 비교하였다. 래피드아크는 세기조절방사선치료와 비교하였을 때 동일한 선량제한치 적용 후 결과는 종양에 전달되는 선량은 증가하고 손상위험장기에 대해서는 더 보호하는 능력을 보여주고 있다. 따라서 세기조절방사선치료와 비교하였을 때 치료부피와 주변 장기의 부작용에 대하여 주변장기에 대한 조사선량은 줄이면서 종양에는 더 많은 선량이 조사되었다. 본 연구를 통하여 래피드아크 치료는 기존에 시행하고 있는 세기조절방사선치료 기법보다 더욱 최적의 선량 분포를 구현하고, 치료시간에 있어 보다 효율적이라는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 정밀한 치료 기법인 만큼 정확한 래피드아크 치료를 시행하기 위해서는 치료 계획과 실제로 시행되는 치료가 일치하는지 확인하는 정도관리 과정이 반드시 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.562-574
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• 2021

Objective : This study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) gel versus DBM gel with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) used in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). Methods : This study was designed as a prospective, multi-center, double-blind method, randomized study. All randomized subjects underwent TLIF with DBM gel with rhBMP-2 group (40 patients) as an experimental group or DBM gel group (36 patients) as a control group. Post-operative observations were performed at 12, 24, and 48 weeks. The spinal fusion rate on computed tomography scans and X-rays films, Visual analog scale pain scores, Oswestry disability index and SF-36 quality of life (QOL) scores were used for the efficacy evaluation. The incidence rate of adverse device effects (ADEs) and serious adverse device effects (SADEs) were used for safety evaluation. Results : The spinal fusion rate at 12 weeks for the DBM gel with rhBMP-2 group was higher with 73.68% compared to 58.82% for the DBM gel group. The 24 and 48 weeks were 72.22% and 82.86% for the DBM gel with rhBMP-2 group and 78.79% and 78.13%, respectively, for the DBM gel group. However, there were no significant differences between two groups in the spinal fusion rate at 12, 24, and 48 weeks post-treatment (p=0.1817, p=0.5272, p=0.6247). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence rate of ADEs (p=0.3836). For ADEs in the experimental group, 'Pyrexia' (5.00%) was the most common ADE, followed by 'Hypesthesia', 'Paresthesia', 'Transient peripheral paralysis', 'Spondylitis' and 'Insomnia' (2.50%, respectively). ADEs reported in control group included 'Pyrexia', 'Chest discomfort', 'Pain', 'Osteoarthritis', 'Nephropathy toxic', 'Neurogenic bladder', 'Liver function analyses' and 'Urticaria' (2.86%, respectively). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence rate of SADEs (p=0.6594). For SADE in the experimental group, ''Pyrexia' and 'Spondylitis' were 2.50%. SADE reported in the control group included 'Chest discomfort', 'Osteoarthritis' and 'Neurogenic bladder'. All SADEs described above were resolved after medical treatment. Conclusion : This study demonstrated that the spinal fusion rates of DBM gel group and DBM gel with rhBMP-2 group were not significantly different. But, this study provides knowledge regarding the earlier postoperative effect of rhBMP-2 containing DBM gel and also supports the idea that the longer term follow-up results are essential to confirm the safety and effectiveness.