• Archives of Obesity and Metabolism
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.43-45
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• 2022

Intensive lifestyle modifications and anti-obesity medications are essential for obesity treatment. Antiobesity medications should be selected according to the patient's comorbidities, symptoms, and preferences. This case report describes the treatment of a morbidly obese patient with a history of depression, who complained of tingling and numbness after total thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid cancer. Very low-dose controlled-release phentermine/topiramate was prescribed and intensive lifestyle modifications were encouraged. As a result, the patient effectively lost weight and reached a near-normal weight without adverse drug effects. This implies that even an off-label anti-obesity medication low dose may be better for some patients, and the most important factor in obesity treatment is patient-tailored treatment.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 1995

Dose distribution of HDR-RALS source represents an inverse square law as the distance. Difference of measurement value and calculation value according of brachytherapy. Therefore, in HDR-RALS dose calibration and calculation have an important effect in treatment of uterine cervical cancer and absorbed dose of interesting points. In intracavitary therapy, particula attention is paid for precise determination of the doses to be applied. In this report, we have discussed that the calibration of a HDR-RALS, differences between calculation dose use of isodose chart and measurement in rectum. Dose rate calibration of radiation sources are obtained from air kerma and Г factor with calibraed ion chamber for cobalt source. and used semiconductor detector for compared with measurement in phantom. Eighteen patients were treated with a HDR-RALS for intrcavitarty irradiation (ICR) using a cobalt-cesium source. Repoductivity of dose measurements were 0.3 -1.1％ in phantom. The means of dose distribution was -6- ＋21％ between calculation of isodose chart and measurement of recyum, and was same mean value upper 6.3％ in measurement value than calculation does.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.357-366
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• 1998

Brachytherapy is an essential part of radiotherapy for uterine cervical cancer. The low dose rate (LDR) regimen has been the major technique of intracavitary therapy for cervical cancer. However, there has been an expansion in the last 20 years of high dose rate (HDR) machines using Ir-192 sources. Since 1979, HDR brachytherapy has been used for the treatment of uterine cervical cancer in Korea. The number of institutions employing HDR has been increasing, while the number of low dose rate system has been constant. In 1995, there was a total 27 HDR brachytherapy units installed and 1258 cases of patients with cervical cancer were treated with HDR Most common regimens of HDR brachytherapy are total dose of 30-39 Gy at point A with 10-13 fractions in three fractions per week. 24-32 Gy with 6-8 fractions in two fractions per week, and 30-35 Gy with 6-7 fractions in two fractions per week. The average fractionation regimen of HDR brachytherapy is about 8 fractions of 4.1 Gy each to Point A. In Korea, treatment results for HDR brachytherapy are comparable with the LDR series and appears to be a safe and effective alternative to LDR therapy for the treatment of cervical carcinoma. Studies from the major centers report the five-year survival rate of cervical cancer as. 78-86$\%$ for Stage 1, 68-85$\%$ for stage 11, and 38-56$\%$ for Stage III. World-wide questionnaire study and Japanese questionnaire survey of multiple institutions showed no survival difference in any stages and dose-rate effect ratio (HDR/LDR) was calculated to be 0.54 to 0.58. However the optimum treatment doses and fractionation schemes appropriate to generate clinical results comparable to conventional LDR schemes have yet to be standardized. In conclusion, HDR intracavitary radiotherapy is increasingly practiced in Korea and an effective treatment modality for cervical cancer. To determine the optimum radiotherapy dose and fractionation schedule, a nation-wide prospective study is necessary in Korea. In addition, standardization of HDR application (clinical, computer algorithms, and dosimetric aspects) is necessary.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2017

It is suggested that the dose limit recommended in the Enforcement Decree of Korea's Nuclear Safety Act should not exceed 150 mSv per year for radiation workers. Recently, however, ICRP 118 report has suggested that the threshold dose of the lens should be reduced to 0.2~0.5 Gy and the mean dose should not exceed 50 mSv per year for an average of 20 mSv over 5 years. Based on these contents, $^{123}I$, $^{99m}Tc$, and $^{18}F-FDG$, which are radioisotope drugs that are used directly by radiation workers in the nuclear medicine department in Korea are expected to receive a large dose of radiation in the lens in distribution and injection jobs to administer them to patients. The ED3 Active Extremity Dosimeter was used to measure the dose of the lens in the nuclear medicine and radiation workers and how much of the dose was received per 1 mCi.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.249-255
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• 2014

Total body irradiation use one of the pre-treatment as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of leukemia. According to the study of Korean network for organ sharing 2013 report, continue to increase the number of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. however, the current dose evaluation fall short before treatment. So purpose of this study is Surface dose and deep organ dose evaluation and then find the most ideal conditions when change of the thickness on tissue compensator in TBI. Result, surface dose in 4 MV, SSD 280 cm, compensators thickness 0.5 cm, was measured the highest dose 5.84 mGy/min. And the ideal dose showed when compensator thickness less than 1 cm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.477-482
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• 2016

This study is tried to determine whether the management of medical radiation is well handled by comparison the guidelines of KFDA(korea food & drug administration) with analysis of dose indicator in mammography. As a method, it is analysed that kVp, exposure time, mAs, compressed breast thickness, average glandular dose and body mass index that were classified in the examination of both breasts by CC(cranio-caudal) and MLO(medio-lateral oblique) with EMR(electronic medical record) and dose report that were sent to the PACS(picture archiving communication system). As a result, in the site inspection according to the age, Compressed breast thickness in CC and MLO were the thickest of 45.6 mm and 49.6 mm in the 50-59 year old respectively. In the overall average compressed breast thickness, CC were 44.2 mm and MLO were 48.9 mm. MLO has more thick by 4.7 mm. In average glandular dose, CC were 1.05 mGy and MLO were 1.14 mGy. MLO has higher by 0.09 mGy than CC. As the compressed breast thickness increases 10mm, CC and MLO increases 0.15 mGy and 0.17 mGy respectively. When it was compared with the average glandular dose of 1.16 mGy per 1 film presented by KFDA, CC was showed 1.05 mGy. However, the 60 mm or more was found to exceed a 1.30 mGy. Also, As the compressed breast thickness was higher, body mass index showed high score. And in the case of 25 or more in the obese body index according to body mass index, it was showed obesity in case of the compressed breast thickness was more than 50mm.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.203-212
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• 2001

Background: Rapid advances in neuroendocrine immunology have established the concept of bidirectional communication between the immune and neuroendocrine systems. Capsaicin suppresses the immune function by destroying substance P acting as mediatior of neuroendocrine immune system. Methods and Results: In this study, effect of capsaicin on mature murine lymphocyte functions and lymphoid tissue morphology was examined. Formally, capsaicin showed the strong cytotoxic effect on splenocyte over $10{\mu}g/ml$ concentration in citro. And proliferation and Th1-cytokine expression of splenic cells in mice that received high dose of capsaicin ($100{\mu}g/mouse$) were significantly diminished. However, low dose of capsaicin treatment did not influence these responses in vivo($1{\mu}g/mouse$) and in vitro (under $5{\mu}g/ml$). And the morphology of spleen and lymph nodes after capsaicin treatment was observed. In the spleen of mice injected with high dose of capsaicin (100, $200{\mu}g/mouse$), the size of white pulp was significantly decreased and the length of red pulp was increased, Moreover, vascularity index was diminished in a dose dependent manner. Conclusion: These results implies that immunosuppressive effect of capsaicin is associated with cytotoxic activity on lymphocyte, Th1-cytokine down-regulation and lymphoid tissue abnormalization, and this report is expected to give a hand to the study for the mechanism of action of neurotoxin of the immune system.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.879-882
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• 2011

Purpose: Superior orbital fissure syndrome is a rare neurological complex. Superior orbital fissure syndrome may result from a variety of inflammatory, infectious, neoplastic, iatrogenic, traumatic, vascular cause. The author report a patient who suffered from superior orbital fissure syndrome after inferior orbital wall reduction. Methods: A 26-year-old female suffered from inferior orbital wall fracture with inferior gaze limitation and orbital soft tissue herniation. On posttrauma 10 day, inferior orbital wall was reduced using endoscope and porous polyethylene ($Medpor^{(R)}$) was inserted. On immediate postoperation, she reported that extraocular movement was limited in almost any directions. She underwent exploration surgery to release the presence of extraocular muscle impingement. But, there was no observation of extraocular muscle impingement. On postoperative one day, high-dose steroid therapy was started to release superior orbital fissure syndrome which was defined in postoperative computed tomography. Results: After one month of high-dose steroid therapy, extraocular movement limitations improved progressively in all directions. In four months, extraocular movement recovered completely. Conclusion: Superior orbital fissure syndrome may occur after surgical procedure of orbital wall reduction. Prompt diagnosis and treatment with mega-dose corticosteroid is an effective option for avoiding disaster from compressive syndrome.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6851-6856
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• 2013

In the present report we determined the protective capacity of grapefruit juice (GJ) against molecular and cellular damage in azoxymethane (AOM) treated mice. Animals were daily administered GJ orally (0.8, 4.1, and 8.2 ${\mu}l/g$) for seven weeks, as well as intraperitoneally (ip) injected with AOM twice (weeks 2 and 3 of the assay). Control groups administered with water, with the high dose of GJ, and with AOM injected in weeks 2 and 3 were also included. The results showed a significant, dose-dependent protection of GJ on the number of colon aberrant crypts (AC) induced by AOM. The highest inhibitory effect was reached with the highest tested dose of GJ, decreasing ACF by 51% and 43% at weeks 4 and 7 of the assay. Regarding protein and lipid oxidation we also found a dose-dependent decrease caused with GJ in comparison with the increased levels produced by AOM. Therefore, our results established chemopreventive potential for GJ, and suggested effects related to its antioxidant capacity. Finally, we found that the tested agents induced neither micronuclei increase nor alteration in bone marrow cytotoxicity.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2000

We have presented with the "A study on overexposure rate according to over-density in chest X-ray radiography(I)" last year. In this report, We could calculate the entrance skin dose from chest X-ray film density the formula $I_0=Ix/e^{-{\mu}x}{\times}mG$, (mG is Bucky factor) was used to deliver the skin dose. At that time, There was two problems that the Bucky factor from maker was not equal to field experience and the field size influenced on the Attenuation Rate. The experiment of Bucky factor was done from film method and retried the Attenuation Rate of Acryle phantom according to Good & Poor geometry. As the results, The Bucky factor from maker higher than in this experiments $30{\sim}40%$. The Attenuation Rate in good geometric condition brings about a little alteration compare with poor geometric condition. In the field experiment, we could get the chest image with very low entrance skin radiation dose $29.3{\mu}Sv$, especially with air gap methode, the entrance skin dose was detected $10{\mu}Sv$.