• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

This study is conducted to compare ultrasonographs with plain radiographs in monitoring bone regeneration during reconstruction of critical sized radial defects in dogs. A 15 mm bony defect was taken on each of the eight dog's radius using an electrical saw and an external fixator was applied. The experimental groups were divided into non-treated group(group 1) and $Osteoset^{(R)}$-treated group(group 2). Each fracture site was evaluated using plain radiography and ultrasonography. Radiographic callus formation occurred after $11.50{\pm}1.12$ days in group 1 and $11.50{\pm}0.5$ days in group 2. Neovascularized flow signal could be seen $6.50{\pm}1.5$ days and the vascular signal disappeared after $45.00{\pm}6.16$ days after operation in group 1. Neovascularized flow signal was observed $6.75{\pm}1.78$ days and vascular signal disappeared $23.25{\pm}3.03$ days after surgery which was caused by acoustic shadowing in group 2. Early stages of regeneration were observed more clearly with color Doppler ultrasonography than with plain radiography. Also from the results it is concluded that color Doppler ultrasonography are useful in observing initial stages of bone repair.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.661-668
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• 1997

Portal blood flow was measured with pulsed doppler ultrasound in thirty normal dogs. In normal dogs, the average portal blood flow velocity was $17.03{\pm}1.75cm/sec$ and the average portal blood flow was $41.59{\pm}10.10ml/min/kg$. The incident angle between the doppler beam and the portal vein averaged $65^{\circ}$. The average portal vein sectional area was $0.41{\pm}0.14cm^2$. The Congestion index was $0.0245{\pm}0.0081cm{\cdot}sec$. Conclusively, the spectral doppler ultrasonography was quick, non-invasive and simple diagnostic method in circulatory disorders of liver.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.63-66
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• 2008

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between various transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography parameters and clinical vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods : This study enrolled 40 patients presented with aneurysmal SAH between September 2006 and August 2007. We measured differences of mean blood flow velocity (BFVm), highest systolic blood flow velocity (BFVh), and Lindegaard ratio (LR) in the middle cerebral artery on TCD examination. These parameters were evaluated for correlation with clinical vasospasm by univariate analysis and the receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results : Twelve patients (30%) developed clinical vasospasm. The best TCD parameters for the detection of clinical vasospasm were revealed to be differences of BFVm, BFVh, and LR values between $1^{st}$ TCD test and $3^{rd}$ TCD (7 cm/s. 11.5 cm/s, 0.45 respectively). The positive predictive value of anyone of three parameters was 60% and the negative predictive value was 100%. Conclusion : TCD is still considered a useful tool for screening clinical vasospasm. To confirm the predictive value of the above parameters. further prospective study will be needed.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.155-160
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• 2010

Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) allows measurement of blood flow velocity to be made from the basal intracerebral vessels. Blood flow velocity in TCD is highly affected not only by blood vessel diameter, blood flow volume, blood viscosity, but also age and sex. Therefore, the study is focused on the correlation between TCD measurement index and sex/age. Subjects were 214 (male 147, famale 67) who had TCD for headache and stroke evaluations at Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital neurology department from December 2009 to April 2010. Sex did not show significant differences with mean flow velocity (MFV), peak systolic flow velocity (PSFV), end diastolic flow velocity (EDFV), pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) in middle cerebral artery (MCA). Although age also did not show significant differences with MFV and PSFV, EDFV has statistically decreased with age, and PI and RI has statistically increased with age. In addition, age showed significant correlation with MFV, EDFV, PI and RI, but not with PSFV. Therefore, TCD is definitely correlated with age and sex, so that those influencial factors must be considered when being tested.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.120-128
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• 2017

Acute flank pain from urolithiasis is the most common condition in people visiting emergency rooms. This study is to evaluate the usefulness of color Doppler in detecting ureteral stones in patients without hydronephrosis. We performed ultrasonography and retrospective analysis on 161 patients who were suspected of urinary stones through plain radiography of the kidney, ureter, and bladder examination or urine tests that showed positive signs of hematuria. In ultrasonography, a total of 154 (95.6%) cases from the 161 patients were diagnosed with ureteral stones. In color Doppler, ureteral stones with twinkling artifact (TA) in the absence of hydronephrosis was shown in 18 (85.7%) cases of the 21 patients(p<0.001). The use of color Doppler has a high diagnostic efficacy for the detection of indistinguishable stones, non-dilatational ureteral stones, and middle ureter stones.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.74-79
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• 2024

Purpose: To compare the Doppler sonographic findings of the left renal vein (LRV) of children diagnosed with nutcracker syndrome with and without orthostatic proteinuria. Methods: Fifty and 53 consecutive children with and without orthostatic proteinuria, respectively, underwent renal Doppler ultrasonography examinations. The peak velocity (PV) was measured at the hilar portion of the LRV and between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery. Renal Doppler ultrasonography findings and clinical data including urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR) were compared according to the presence or absence of orthostatic proteinuria. Results: Between the two groups, no significant differences were observed in terms of age or sex. The PV ratio between the aortomesenteric and hilar portions was 7.79±2.65 and 6.32±3.01 in children with and without orthostatic proteinuria, respectively (P=0.009). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of the UPCR in the first morning urine sample. However, the UPCR in the afternoon urine sample was significantly higher in children with orthostatic proteinuria than in those without orthostatic proteinuria (0.49±0.46 mg/mg vs. 0.11±0.04 mg/mg, P<0.001). Furthermore, the PV ratio between the aortomesenteric and hilar portions revealed a positive correlation with the ratio of UPCR of the afternoon to that of first morning urine samples (R=0.21, P=0.034). Conclusions: This study suggests that there can be a significant correlation of the PV ratio between the aortomesenteric and hilar portion of the LRV with orthostatic proteinuria in pediatric patients with nutcracker syndrome.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1 s.31
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• pp.171-189
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• 1996

Background and Purpose: The greater part of patients to visit Hospital of Oriental Medicine suffer from cerebrovascular accident(CVA). There is transcranial Doppler(TCD) in the diagnostic method to confirm cerebrovascular accident(CVA). Transcranial Doppler(TCD) is an accurate method of monitoring the blood flow velocities of the cerebral vessels and have been generally used to prevent symptomatic vasospasm and confirm cerebral infarction. So we studied, in the crebrovascular accident(CVA), to estimate whether transcranial Doppler(TCD) is useful to. Methods: Using transcranial doppler(Multigon Model 500M Transcranial Doppler System), we measured the mean and peak velocity and the direction of blood flow in 10 cerebrovascular accident(CVA)'s subjects who had been examined by Computed Tomography(CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Results : As an anticipation, in cerebrovascular accident(CVA)'s subject with Cb-infarction, the mean and peak velocity of blood flow fell down remarkably and the direction of blood flow was change or irritable. But didn't find out any signal in lacunar infarction. Also, in case with spontaneous hemorrhage, the velocity and direction of blood flow was change but this signal was short of diagnosis for Cb-hemorrhage. Besides, we found signals about embolism, stenosis, thrombosis and occlusion in cerebrovascular accident(CVA)'s subjects. Conclusion: In Cb-infarction, the result of TCD was equal to diagnosis with Computed Tomography(CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). But about lacunar infarction or spontaneous hemorrhage, signals of TCD couldn't be found out or was insufficient more than Computed Tomography(CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI). In cerebrovascular accident(CVA)'s subject with embolism, stenosis, thrombosis or occlusion, signals of TCD were found out more than Computed Tomography(CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI). Therefore transcranial doppler(TCD) is necessary method which makes a diagnosis of cerebrovascular accident(CVA), with Computed Tomography(CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI).

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.201-208
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristic features of oral and maxillofacial swellings that could be seen on ultrasonographic examinations. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients with oral and/or maxillofacial swellings were randomly selected, thorough case histories and clinical examinations were done, ultrasonographic examinations with Doppler imaging were performed, and the features of every group were studied. Finally, histopathological evaluations were performed to identify the final diagnosis, according to which patients were classified into 5 groups; group I: inflammatory/space infection and abscess swellings, group II: cystic swellings, group III: lymph node swellings, group IV: benign swellings, and group V: malignant neoplastic swellings. Results: A significant association (P<0.05), with a contingency coefficient of 0.88, was found between the histopathological and ultrasonographic diagnoses, with ultrasonography having a diagnostic accuracy of 89% in diagnosing maxillofacial swellings. The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography was 100% for lymph node and malignant swellings, followed by 98% for inflammatory and cystic swellings and 92% for benign swellings. The sensitivity of the ultrasonographic diagnosis was 100% for cystic, lymph node, and malignant swellings, followed by 91% for inflammatory swellings and 86% for benign swellings. Conclusion: Ultrasonographic features with Doppler imaging greatly aid in obtaining accurate diagnoses of oral and maxillofacial swellings. Ultrasonography is a recommended imaging tool for differentiating maxillofacial swellings and classifying them accurately.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.209-217
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was, firstly, to determine the concordance of ultrasonographic and histopathological diagnoses in patients in whom apical resection was already indicated. Secondly, this study aimed to determine whether lesions were periapical granulomas or cysts, and to compare them after root canal treatment using ultrasonography and periapical radiographs. Materials and Methods: In the first stage of the study, ultrasonographic and histopathologic diagnoses of 10 lesions were compared. Secondly, the periapical radiographs and ultrasonographic images of 44 lesions were measured. The presence of internal vascularity was determined by ultrasonographic color and power Doppler modes. Follow-up examinations of healing after root canal treatment were performed using ultrasonography and periapical radiographs, and these modalities were compared. Results: In the periapical granuloma and cyst groups, the measurement values decreased for all variables. There was no significant difference in the dimensional changes of lesions between the 2 groups, and ultrasonography and periapical radiographs were compatible. The pre-diagnoses were compared with histopathological diagnoses and were found to be compatible. Conclusion: The ultrasonographic color and power Doppler techniques could be an effective method for diagnosing periapical lesions as cysts or granulomas. After root canal treatment of granulomas and cysts, the dimensional shrinkage and healing patterns appear to be similar. Ultrasonography and periapical radiographs were consistent in terms of dimensional comparisons, and ultrasonography may be an alternative method for follow-up of the healing of periapical lesions.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.47-51
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• 2018

Purpose: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the common infectious diseases in children. Several imaging modalities can be used to confirm the presence of acute pyelonephritis (APN). Among them the 99mTcdimercaptosuccinic acid renal scan (DMSA scan) is used as a gold standard for diagnosis. Ultrasonography technology is evolving. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the sensitivity and specificity of Power Doppler ultrasonography (PDU) compared to the results from the previous study. Methods: There were 260 patients included in this study, aged between 1 and 12 months old. The patients were admitted to the Yeungnam University Medical Center between January 2008 and December 2015. All patients underwent both DMSA scan and PDU within 5days of admission. Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) was performed in 195 patients with abnormal DMSA scan or PDU. Results: The diagnostic sensitivity of APN using PDU was 45.5% and specificity was 85.5% in 260 patients following detection of a defect on DMSA scan that was defined as APN. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of PDU for VUR were 65.5 % and 60.1%, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of DMSA scan for VUR were 95.7% and 14.1%, respectively. Conclusion: PDU has a high specificity but low sensitivity, so there are limitations in using it to replace a DMSA scan for the diagnosis of APN in children. DMSA scan and PDU have different sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of VUR, respectively. Therefore, we suggest that the sensitivity and specificity of each test can be helpful in diagnosing APN and VUR when used in conjunction.