• Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.13-18
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• 2013

Purpose : Fluoroscopy equipment, depending on the type of changes that occur in the patient's position ESD and study the patient's scatter ray of ESD Practitioners considered a comparative analysis was to evaluate the correct dose. Materials and Methods : HITACHI four overtube type TU-8000 Flat Detector and Under tube C-Arm Philips' Multi Diagnost Eleva with Flat Detector type were measured by. Each devices is a measure of the patient's esd randophantom position in tabel unfors Xi multi funtion then fixed to the abdomen fluoroscopy and 10 seconds, spot was measured three times, practitioners of the incident surface dose by considering the patient's scatter ray of the table for each device in the average human stomach 21cm thickness acrylic phantom ($25cm{\times}25cm$) Place the practitioner position after position randophantom unfors Xi multi funtion in the thyroid and stomach 1 minute by a fixed one-time fluoroscopy and measured. Results : 10 seconds and the patient perspective of the c-arm ESD 1.2 times smaller on the AP and oblique measurements were measured in the 6-13 times smaller. spot positions to changes in the measured three times on the AP of the abdomen, ESD is 18 times smaller c-arm measurements and the oblique measurement was 19-30 times smaller. And 1 minute at practitioners fluoroscopy esd in the thyroid 2.12 times the c-arm, chest 1.75 times less the dose was measured. On the AP, depending on the device, but the lack of dose difference oblique positions of the two devices depending on changes in the area due to changes in both the AP than on the dose increased, the difference in dose between the two devices, the maximum difference was approximately 27 times. Conclusion : Fluoroscopic equipment at the time of inspection in accordance with changes in dose according to the patient and the patient's positions changes, because the area of the scatter ray considering the change of dose measurements be made, and study of the equipment according to the characteristics of the efficiency and the exposure of the patient and practitioner is considered smooth study equipment manufacturers that can be done is to build the system and think that is also important. Various fluoroscopy when you check future changes in many factors of change in dose for the equipment in the laboratory system by considering the scatter ray radiation shielding for the management to take advantage of reckless undertube have been utilized as more exposure Reduction activities can help is considered as the direction.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.181-188
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• 2003

Cordyceps has a reputation for its broad biological activities and as a tonic which replenishs vital function in Chinese traditional medicines. As an attempt to obtain fundamental data for the development of new type Cordyceps, the effects of the fruiting bodies of cultivated fungus of Paecilomyces japonica grown on silkworm larvae on radiationinduced damages were investigated. We performed this study to determine the effect of Dongchongxiacao (Paecilomyces japonica) on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation, and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells and hair follicles of mice irradiated with high and low dose of gamma-radiation. Treatment with Dongchongxiacao showed no significant modifying effects on the jejunal crypt survival and endogenous spleen colony formation. The frequency of radiationinduced apoptosis was reduced by pretreatment of Dongchongxiacao (i.p.: 50 mg/kg of body weight, at 12 and 36 hours before irradiation, p<0.01). The spontaneous levels of apoptotic cells are $0.082{\pm}0.041$ in intestinal crypts and $0.231{\pm}0.084$ per hair follicle section of skin. Pretreatment of Dongchongxiacao was associated with decreases of 26.86% in intestinal crypt and 66.36% in hair follicle decrease in the number of cells with nuclei positively stained for apoptosis compared with the irradiation control group. We demonstrated for the first time that Dongchongxiacao administration could reduce the extent of apoptosis produced by radiation in the hair follicle. The results presented herein that Dongchongxiacao given before irradiation is capable of reducing the severity of cell loss as a result of apoptosis.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.337-345
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• 2011

In this report, we have investigated the functional properties change of phytochemicals by the encapsulation using water soluble host, ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin. The cream, shampoo, bodywash, and hair tonic containing phytochemical supramolecules were produced by mixing the surfactants, fragrances and the oriental herbal extracts encapsulated with ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin. Shampoo and bodywash including the encapsulated phytochemicals exhibited anti-growth activity against Gram (+) and Malassezia furfur which is known to cause dandruff. In cytotoxicity test against HDF (human dermal fibroblast), we could not detect any toxicity when the supramolecules content was less than 1 mg/mL. Our results suggest that the supramolecule of ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin with phytochemicals could be a safe anti-bacterial agent for cosmeceuticals.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2012

In order to characterize the habitat trait and vegetation structure of M. chejuense(Ophioglssaceae), endangered plant in Korea, we set 12 permanent quadrats in Jocheon-Sunhyul Gotzawal Wetland Region of Jeju Island, and surveyed the temporal pools, vegetation structure and counted the population size of the endemic rare plant. M. chejuense distributed in the vernal pools with a variety of shape, area of 150-$400m^2$, depth of 0.4-2.0m and slope of 3-$10^{\circ}$, at altitude of 88-165m in lowland area in Gotjawal Wetland Region, Jeju Island. The soil has a thin layer and high water content all the seasons. The population appeared with a density range of 1-423/pool in the boundary area of the wetlands under higher tree coverages(80-100%) in the deciduous forest communities. Vegetation wsa classified into five plant communities such as Ulmus parvifolia community, Cudrania tricuspidata community, Rosa multiflora community, Ardisia japonica community, Ophiopogon japonicus community. These results means that M. chejuense potentially has a shortage to evergreen plant succession, litter accumulation and water drainage, thus it is need to sustainable wetland environmental condition in the deciduous forest community for its sounded conservation.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2012

The effects of elevated $CO_2$ and temperature on the phenological and reproductive characteristics of Phytolocca insularis were examined in ambient condition (control) and green house situation (treatment), 700 ~ 800 ppm $CO_2$ and $2^{\circ}C$ elevated temperature, from March 2010 to April 2011. Phenological responses such as foliation, inflorescence formation, flowering, fruit appearance, fruit maturing of P. insularis grown in the treatment were 6~ 20 day faster than in the control. The percent of fruit set, number of fruit and seed per shoots, weight of fruit and seed per shoots of P. insularis were higher in control than in the treatment. The number of inflorescence per shoots showed no difference between in the control and in the treatment. These results demonstrated that the reproductive response of P. insularis might be negatively influenced by increased $CO_2$ concentration and elevated temperature.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1034-1046
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• 2013

In this paper, a design of a GaN HEMT power amplifier using output matching circuit with arbitrary harmonic impedances is presented. The adopted GaN HEMT device, TGF2023-02 of TriQuint Semiconductor, was packaged in commercial package. The optimal impedances of the GaN HEMT package are extracted from load-pull simulation at package input and output reference planes. The targets of load-pull simulation are the highest output power at fundamental frequency and the highest efficiency at $2^{nd}$ and $3^{rd}$ harmonic frequencies. Because of fixture in the package, the extracted impedances shows arbitrary harmonic impedances. In order to match the optimal impedances, output matchin circuit which has 4 transmission lines is presented. Characteristic impedances and electrical lengths of the transmission lines are mathmatically calculated. The power amplfiier with $54.6{\times}40mm^2$ shows the output power of 8 W at the fundamental frequency of 2.5 GHz, the efficiency above 55 %, and harmonic suppression of above 35 dBc at the $2^{nd}$ and the $3^{rd}$ harmonics.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.455-466
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• 2020

In this study, we built a thermal model for SNIPE 6U nano-satellite which has scientific mission for measuring science data in near Earth space environment and described thermal design based on the thermal model. And the validity of the thermal design was verified through the on-orbit thermal analysis. The thermal design was carried out mainly on the passive thermal control techniques such as surface finishes, insulators, and thermal conductors in consideration of the characteristics of the nano-satellite. However, the components with narrow operating temperature range and directly exposed to the orbital thermal environments, such as a battery and thrusters, are accomodated with heaters to satisfy the temperature requirements. On-orbit thermal analysis conditions are based on the basic orbital conditions of the satellite, and thermal analysis was performed for Normal mode, Launch & Early Orbit Phase (LEOP), Safehold mode, and Maneuver mode which are classified by the power consumption and the attitude of the satellite according to the mission scenario. The analysis results for each mode confirmed that every component satisfies the temperature requirement. In addition, the heater capacity and duty cycle of the battery and thruster were calculated through the analysis results of the Safehold mode.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.61-70
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• 2020

In dynamic centrifuge tests, equivalent shear beam (ESB) container minimizes the boundary effect between the soil model and the wall of the container so as to effectively simulate the boundary conditions of real field state. The ESB container at KAIST was evaluated to be performing properly by Lee et al. (2013). However, it is necessary to re-evaluate the performance of ESB container since the ESB container may have deteriorated over time. Thus, the performance of eight-year-old ESB container was re-evaluated through dynamic centrifuge tests. Firstly, the natural period of the empty ESB container was compared with the results of Lee et al. (2013). Then the boundary effect of sand-filled ESB container was evaluated. Results show that the dynamic behavior of the sand-filled ESB container was similar to that of the ground, despite a decrease in the natural period of the empty ESB container over time. In addition, the dynamic response of the ground built in the ESB container and the same ground simulated through numerical analysis with free-field boundary conditions were similar. Therefore, it was found that the boundary effect of the ESB container due to the decrease in the natural period was not significant.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.179-185
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• 2014

Commercial (S)-naproxen was racemized under strong basic condition. After checking the peak position of (R)- and (S)-naproxen by analysis the recemized naproxen, optical purity of 19 commercialized naproxens sold in 2013 in Korea were examined by chiral HPLC. The Chiralcel OD-H column, ChiralHyun-LE(S)-1 column and LUX-Cellulose-1 column were used as chiral stationary phases and the mixed eluent of hexane:isopropanol:acetic acid as 100:1:0.1 was used as a mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Each data was obtained from an average value of at least three different experiments for each sample and the relative standard deviation of them appeared very small. The average optical purity values obtained from three different chiral columns were very similar and the total average optical purity value (99.32%) of nineteen commercialized naproxens used in this study were larger than those of three years ago (98.17%).

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.277-282
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• 2014

The optical purity of 11 commercial dexibuprofens and 7 ibuprofens sold in Korea in 2013 were examined by chiral HPLC. The Chiralcel OD-H column and LUX-Cellulose-1 column were used as chiral stationary phases and the mixed eluent of hexane:isopropanol:acetic acid as 100:1:0.1 was used as a mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Each data was obtained from an average value of at least three different experiments for each sample and the average value of relative standard deviation of them appeared very small, 0.19%. Average optical purity value (97.5%) of eleven commercial dexibuprofens used in this study were smaller than those of 9 years ago (99.2%), but larger than four years ago (95.6%). Enantiomeric ratios of (R)- and (S)-isomers of seven ibuprofen samples used in this experiment were achieved at about 50:50 which was different with the result (44:56) from four years ago.