• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.14-24
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• 2021

A plant community is a group of populations that coexist in space and interact directly or indirectly with the environment. In this paper, we determined the pattern of tree species composition in response to soil variables in Khadimnagar National Park (KNP), which is one of the least studied tropical forests in Bangladesh. Soil and vegetation data were collected from 71 sample plots. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) with associated Monte Carlo permutation tests (499 permutations) was carried out to determine the most significant soil variable and to explore the relationship between tree species distribution and soil variables. Soil pH and clay content (pH with p<0.01 and Clay content with p<0.05) were the most significant variables that influence the overall tree species distribution in KNP. Soil pH is related to the distribution and abundance of Syzygium grande and Magnolia champaca, which were mostly found and dominant species in KNP. Some species were correlated with clay content such as Artocarpus chaplasha and Cassia siamea. These observations suggest that both the physico-chemical properties of soil play a major role in shaping the tree distribution in KNP. Hence, these soil properties should take into account for any tree conservation strategy in this forest.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2021

Species composition and variation of catches in the coastal waters of Sinsan of Jeju Island were determined using samples collected by a set net from May 2014 to October 2015. During the survey period, a total of 55 species (51 species, 35 families and 11 orders in fishes, 4 species, 2 families and 2 orders in cephalopods) were occurred, and Perciformes (28 species) were dominant fishes in this area. In the number of individuals and biomass, the small pelagic fishes such as Trachurus japonicus and Scomber japonicus were occurred abundantly, and both species accounted for 95.9% of the total catch by a fishing logbook of a set net. In the results of length-frequency distribution of small pelagic fishes caught by a set net in Sinsan, T. japonicus showed a range from 3.5-19.1 cm (average 8.8 cm) and S. japonicus showed a range from 7.0-25.6 cm (average 16.8 cm). In addition, these were mostly immature fishes.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.50-69
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• 2014

Freshwater fish fauna and community structure were investigated at thirty seven stations in the Yeong river, Nakdong river system, Korea from March to October 2013. During the surveyed period thirty nine species and two types belonging to thirteen families were collected. In this collection fishes of Cyprinidae were most numerous possessing 61.0% of all. There were seventeen Korean endemic species including Acheilognathus koreensis, two endangered species such as Koreocobitis naktongensis and Microphysogobio koreensis and two exotic species such as Oncorhynchus mykiss and Micropterus salmoides. Fish species transferred from other native rivers were three species such as Opsariichthys uncirostris amurensis, Pseudobagrus koreanus and Hypomesus nipponensis. Dominant species based on the number of individuals was Zacco koreanus NS (23.24%) and sub-dominant species were Z. koreanus NE (12.72%) and Z. platypus R (12.35%). The community analysis revealed that the structure of fish community in the Yeong river was very stable and diverse in having diversity 1.134, evenness 0.703, dominance 0.110 and species richness 4.348. Fish community was divided into four groups based on similarity indices among surveyed stations such as upper reach, mid-upper reach, middle reach and lower reach group.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.279-286
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• 2005

The fish species composition and its seasonal variation of the middle East Sea of Korea were investigated from May 2004 to January 2005 using gill and set nets. A total of 59 species of fishes belonging to 31 families in 11 orders were identified in the gill and set nets; 33 species in 15 families and 6 orders were collected by the gill net, and 36 species in 26 families and 10 orders were collected by the set net. Among the fishes collected by gill net, the order Scorpaeniformes was dominant; the number of species as well as individuals was highest in summer; the biomass was highest in winter. However, in fishes collected by set net, the order Perciformes was dominant, the number of species was highest in autumn, the number of individuals was highest in spring, and the biomass was highest in winter. The fish composition of the middle East Sea differed considerably from that of the south East Sea, especially in the species composition of the order Scorpaeniformes and Pleuronectiformes. Principal component analyses for each net showed that the fish species composition depends on the kind of net used, even though the investigation was carried out in the same area and at the same time.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.23 no.2 s.58
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• pp.106-113
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• 2005

This study was conducted to examine the community structure of macrobenthos on Angel tidal flat in Jinhae, south coast of Korea. Monthly samples were conducted at eight sites from March 1998 to February 1999. A total of 110 species were sampled with a mean density of 322ind. $m^{-2}$ and biomass of 98.4 wwt g $m^{-2}$. Of these species, there were 44 species of polychaetes $(40.0\%)$, 41 species of crustaceans $(37.3\%)$ and 16 species of molluscs $(14.5\%)$. The major density dominant species were a gastropod Batilaria cumingi (52ind. $m^{-2}$) and five polychaetes Ceratonereis erythraeensis (38ind. $m^{-2}$), Cirriformia tentaculata (32ind. $m^{-2}$), Capitella capitata (23ind. $m^{-2}$), Sigambra tentaculata (23ind. $m^{-2}$), Glycera chirori (17ind. $m^{-2}$). Cluster and MDS analysis showed that the study sites could be divided into two tidal elevation groups. According to the spatial distribution of dominant species and SIMPER analysis, the two groups were characterized by Sigambra tentaculata - Chaetozone setosa in upper species group and Ceratonereis erythraeensis-Cirriformia tentaculata-Capitella capitata in lower species group.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.46-54
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• 1992

An investigation on the benthic polychaete community in Youngil Bay was conducted during four seasons of 1991. Polychaetes. the dominant macrofaunal group occupying 71.3% in total macro-faunal density, comprised a total of 72 species with a mean density of 1,485 indiv. m/SUP -2/. The highest species number of 54 spp. and density of 3,207 undiv. m/SUP -2/ was recorded in summer, while the lowest in autumn. The most abundant species was Spiophanes nombyx (37.5%), followed by Pseudopolydora sp.(8.4%), Lumbrineris longifolia(7.0%), Madden cristata(6.5%), Polydora ciliata(4.9%) and so on. Maldane cristata was dominated in winter, Polydora ciliata in spring and Spiophanes bombyx in summer and autumn. The density and species number of Polychaetes were high in the southeastern area of Youngil Bay, and poor near the mouth of Hyoungsan River. Based on the species composition, study area was divided into three regions. Each region sustained its specific benthic faunal assemblage; Maldane-Praxillella assemblage from the middle to the southeastern region of Youngil Bay, Spiophanes-Nephtys assemblage in the northwestern region, and Pseudopolydora-Polydora-Capitella assemblage from the mouth of Hyoungsan River to Pohang Hobour. Maldane Praxillella assemblage showed the highest species number of 55 spp.. and the highest species diversity and species richness indices. Spiophanes-Nephtys assemblage had the highest density of 2,675 indiv. m/SUP -2/ and the highest dominance index because of the predominance of Spiophanes bombyx with a density of 2,073 indiv. m/SUP -2/. Pseudopolydora-Polydora-Capitella assemblage was found in the polluted area and it was a specific assemblage mainly composed of the dominance of organic pollution indicator species. The dominant Polychaetes were Pseudopolydora sp., Polydora ciliata, Capitella capitata, and Dorvillea sp.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.261-274
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• 2011

The studies on community structure of benthic macroinvertebrates and environmental survey in selected four sites were performed on wetland Upo from 2008 to 2009. The lowest water temperature was measured at Upo and Mokpo showing $7^{\circ}C$ in February of 2008 and 2009 respectively. The highest water temperature was measured at Upo showing $32^{\circ}C$ in August of 2009. The lowest pH was measured at Topyeong with 5.3 in August of 2009, and the highest pH was measured at Mokpo with 10.1 in August of 2008. Generally the levels pH of 2008 were higher than those of 2009. The range of electric conductivity to the sites was big. Overall, the higher electric conductivity was seen at Sajipo and the lower one was seen at Mokpo. The level of Dissolved oxygen was lowest at Upo with $5.53mg/\ell$ in August 2008, and it was highest at Upo with $14.76mg/\ell$ in February of 2008. The investigation was performed with both quantitative and qualitative collecting methods from four surveying sites, Upo, Mokpo, Sajipo and Topyeong. Through the eight times of seasonal survey, 6 classes, 17 orders, 59 families, 131 species and 5460 individuals of benthic macroinvertebrates were collected. 6 classes, 17 orders, 53 families 106 species and 2439 individuals were identified in 2008, and 6 classes, 16 orders, 44 families, 93 species and 3021 individuals were collected in 2009. The number of species was decreased in 2009 comparing that of 2008, however, the number of individuals were increased in 2009. The dominant species and the subdominant species was Plea (Paraplea) indistinguenda and Diplonychus esakii with 20.16% and 11.90% of dominant indices respectively. From the community analysis, both the species diversity index and the species richness index were highest in Topyeong showing 4.743 and 9.054 respectively. The similarity evaluation to the investigation sites with the species in there showed very high similarity among Upo, Mokpo and Sajipo showing 5 or lower levels of distance cluster combine.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.100-109
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• 2016

Species composition and distribution characteristics of fish were determined by monthly underwater visual census from September. 2013 to August, 2014 at Yeongunri off Tongyeong, Korea. The study area was divided into five habitat types by depth and substrate: (1) sand bottom as depth of 0~2 m, (2) seagrass bed of 2~5 m, (3) rocky outcrop of 0~2 m, (4) rocky bottom of 2~5 m, (5) sandy mud bottom of 5~8 m. A total of 1,673 individuals belonging to 43 species in 26 families were recorded during the study period. The number of species tended to decrease after October, 2013 and increase from March, 2014 showing the highest number in October (autumn), and lowest in January (winter). In terms of the number of species, Gobiidae was the most dominant family (7 species), followed by Scorpaenidae (4 species). Embiotocidae was the most abundant (26.1% in total number of individuals), followed by Scorpaenidae (19.9%) and Gobiidae (19.3%). The dominant species were Sebastes inermis (19.2%), Ditrema temminckii (13.1%), and Neoditrema ransonnetii (12.9%). The number of species and abundance were relatively high at the depth between 2 and 5 m on seagrass bed and rocky bottom, whereas they were lower at the depth between 0 and 2 m on the sand bottom, suggesting that seagrass beds and rocky bottoms provided the diverse habitats for various fish species in this sea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.87 no.3
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• pp.445-458
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• 1998

The present study focused on the vegetation structure and dynamics of Betula davurica forest were to provide the information for management, distribution and utilization of B. davurica forest in Mt. Chiri national park, southern Korea. The layer structure of B. davurica forest were consist of tree layer(18 species), middle layer(29 species), shrub layer(43 species) and herb layer(68 species). According to the importance value of stratification of layers, In tree layer, B. davurica dominant the highest value of 123.97%, Alnus hirsuta 49.04., Castanea crenata 25.58%, Quercus serrata 25.02%, Stewartia koreana 14.49%, in middle layer were B. davurica 70.81%, Q. serrata 37.74%, Fraxinus rhynchophylla 25.35% Lindera erythrocarpa 24.52%, S. koreana 18.86%, shrub layer were Sasa borealis 28.28%, L. erythrocarpa 24.94%, Rhus trichocarpa, 20.42%, Stephanandra incisa 19.90% and herb layer Schizandra chinensis 18.51%, Aster scaber 12.26%. Disporum smilacinum 10.63% etc, respectively. Results of chi-square test statistics based on presence-absence parameters, the positively associated species pair were Quercus variablis - Q. acutissima, Stewartia koreana - Symplocos paniculata, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum - Quercus mongolica. And covariation was calculated based on quantitative measure of density. The results showed that the association and covariation values among species not agreed with each other. The frequency distribution of DBH Betula davurica species showed reverse J-shaped, therefore it's seems to retrain as a dominant species. When predicting succession in Betula davurica forest, it is seedling and saplings were not richness, succession was governed by competition of hardwood species of subtree and tree layer.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.7 s.87
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• pp.937-943
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• 2007

The fish fauna and weight-length relationship in Andong reservoir were investigated from May 2005 to March 2006. During surveyed period, 2,540 individuals 20 species belonging to 7 families were collected. Dominant species were Hemibarbus labeo(19.6%) and sub-dominant species were Carassius cuvieri (19.2%). The korea endemic species were Hemiculter eigenmanni(7.1%), Squalidus chankaensis tsuchigae (0.1 %), Corroperca herzi (0.1 %) and introduced fishes were Carassius cuvieri (19.21 %) Lepomis macrochirus (4.2%), Micropterus salmoides (0.2%). Dominace, species diversity, species richness, species even-ness were 0.39, 3.16, 2.42, 0.73 respectively. The values of the exponent b in the weight-length relation-ship $W=aL^{b}$ ranged from 2.9162(H. labeo, $R^{2}$=0.9567) to 3.2509(Zacco pla쇼pus, $R^{2}$=0.9928) and the median value was 3.1079, whereas 50% of the values ranged between about 3.05 to 3.20. The Condition factor(K) showed good state of health in the surveyed species (excepts H. labeo and Cyprinus carpio).