• Journal of architectural history
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.117-130
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• 2003

Transparency orginated from a visual character of the object recognized to the backside without any obstacle is used as a word explaining the variety of an architectural character from the pre-mordern architecture. Transparency is expressed clearly without using of the material with a permeability like glass in the Korean traditional architecture. Thus the purpose of this study is to analyze an expression of the perceptive transparency focusing on the Dodong Seowon with the phenomenal transparency. In chapter one, the background, purpose and method of study are explained. In chapter two, general concept of transparency is inquired. In the process of searching for the formation of basic background, the characteristic of phenomenal transparency is recognized. In chapter three, the aspect of phenomenal tranparency expression in Korean traditional architecture is inquired. In chapter four, with the characteristics drawn from chapter three, the characteristics of Dodong-Seowon under its phenomenal tranparency are shown. In chapter five, synthetic conclusion is presented.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.141-148
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• 2008

Most of the recent studies on Seowon have been done just in terms of classification of general kinds of building layout, so there are a few things ignored such as the way they were arranged, the compositional process of buildings etc.. Although the classification of types itself is meaningful in the study on Korean traditional architecture, there has been some limitation in deep analysis of each style. The aim of this study is to find out the characteristics of the building layout and space composition of Dodong-Seowon with the viewpoint of the process of changes of it during the time through the survey and analysis on both the existing site layout and the measuring unite of scale applied to the original construction of each building. Hierarchical order scheme was considered in the design of the space proceeding from the entrance to the main space and of the building position, axis and the roof heights of buildings.

• 유학연구
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• v.48
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• pp.129-171
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to collect, to classify education archives of Joseon Seowon, and to examine characteristics of education archives. The subjects of this study are Sosu-Seowon, Dosan-Seowon, Dodong-Seowon, Oksan-Seowon, Donam-Seowon. According to the contents and nature of the archives, I divided educational archives into four types: the record of rules of Seowon education, the record of actual education, the record of ritual, and the record of financial. First, through the record of rules, I have identified how the rules are passed down and changed from Seowon to Seowon and impact of book publishing and distribution on changes in Seowon Curriculum. Secondly, through the record of educational practice, I have examined the size of students participating in Seowon education, the role of officers, the procedures and methods of education, the daily routine in Seowon, the methods of discussion and questions in lectures, and the role of teachers in discussions etc. Third, through the record of rituals, I examined customary rituals such as Gyeongdok(敬 讀), the rites for opening class(開接禮) and the last class(罷接禮), and the rites for Master-Disciple Relationshipe(贄禮) in addition to official rites such as Jeongeuprye(庭揖 禮) and Sangeuprye(相揖禮). Fourth, through the record of financial, we could see howthe late Joseon Seowon tried to continue the education by setting up a financial institution dedicated to education despite severe financial difficulties. The classification criteria and the typification method of education archives of Joseon Seowon that have been attempted in this study can be used as a model for systematically collecting and organizing the education archives of Joseon Seowon. However, this needs to be supplemented and discussed further. In addition, if a methodology can be developed to collect a wide range of materials that have been scattered over various materials through the classification and typification of the materials, it will contribute to expanding the horizon of Seowon research in the future

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

This study was conducted to analyze the conservation status by diagnostical methology for the front wall of Jungjeongdang area of Dodong-Seowon. The study was carried out as photogrammetry and mapping - investigation of materials and conservation status - analysis and evaluation of conservation status. The results are as follows. First, in the case of photogrammetry, each photograph was took in superposition, and the distortions of the photographs were corrected and synthesized. Based on this, actual survey drawings of the wall were prepared. Second, in case of material and conservation status, the wall is in the form of Wapyeondam and the material of the head part are tile, mud and lime, and the material of the body part are mud and tile. The mud was mixed with gravel, sand and straw. At the base part, amorphous natural stones and mud were used. The remarkable damage that appears on the wall is erosion of the base part, and some disintegration appears in the body part. There is a biological patina on the head and the base, and vegetation such as lichen is concentrated on the partial body. There was superficial deposit in the head part, and some tiles were broken or lost. Deep fissures are intensively located in some part of the eastern wall. Third, in the case of analysis and evaluation of the conservation status, it is considered that by the erosion of the foundation part and the disintegration of the body part, there is a possibility that physical damage will continue to be applied to the wall, so immediate action is necessary. The distribution of biological patina and vegetation does not appear to cause great problems in the wall, but it is necessary to reduce it in view of aesthetic problems. A cracked or missing tile would need to be replaced, and deep cracks in the eastern wall appear to have been caused by subsidence, and reinforcement of the underground is necessary to prevent further damage.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.632-641
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• 2018

Algal dynamics is controlled by multiple environmental factors such as flow dynamics, water temperature, trophic level, and irradiance. Underwater irradiance penetrating from the atmosphere is exponentially decreased in water column due to absorption and scattering by water molecule and suspended particles including phytoplankton. As the exponential decrease in underwater irradiance affects algal photosynthesis, regulating their spatial distribution, it is critical to understand the light extinction characteristics to find out the mechanisms of algal dynamics more systematically. Despite the significance, the recent data have been rarely reported in the main stream areas of large rivers, Korea. In this study, the euphotic depths and light extinction coefficients were determined by monitoring the vertical variation of underwater irradiance and water quality in the main channel of Nakdong River near Dodong Seowon once a week during summer of 2016. The average values of euphotic depth and light extinction coefficient were 4.0 m and $1.3m^{-1}$, respectively. The degree of light extinction increased in turbid water due to flooding, causing an approximate 50 % decrease in euphotic depth. Also, the impact was greater than the self-shading effect during the periods of cyanobacterial bloom. The individual light extinction coefficients for background, total suspended solid and algal levels, frequently used in surface water quality modeling, were determined as $0.305m^{-1}$, $0.090m^{-1}/mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, $0.013m^{-1}/{\mu}g{\cdot}L^{-1}$, respectively. The values estimated in this study were within or close to the ranges reported in literatures.