• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.167-187
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• 1988

The purpose of this study is to explore whether wives communicate differently over the family life cycle(FLC), and whether their communication contents and frequencies are differently over the FLC. Marital communication scales are composed of six subfactors such as The selectivity of channel (SC), Channel direction (CD), communication style(CS), Comprehension of nonverbal communication (CNC), Communication contents and frequencies(CCF) and Olson's marital communication (LCQ). The number of the subjects are 582, who are living in Pusan in 1987 and they divided into six stages family life cycle; The newly married (FLC 1). The family with preschoolers(FLC 2), The family with schoolages (FLC3), The family with teenages(FLC4)， The family with launching children(FLC 5) and The postparenthood (FLC 6). This study is surveyed by Frequencies and Mean score from six subfactors and tested by chi-square test and ANOVA. the results are as follows; 1) There are a few significant differences in CS and CNC by FLC. The wives from FLC 1 and FLC 2 use the most open communication style and them form FLC5 use the most closed style. There are revealed that comprehension of nonverbal communication is the highest of FLC2, but on FLC 1 it is the lowest. 2) There are significant difference in CCF. Children, Wive's life, Husband's life, Affection and sex and Empathy show significant differences over the over the FLC. Regardless of FLC, there are conclueded that Children, Wive's and husband's life and economy management are the most frequence communicative contents. These results suggest that there needs to be further investigation on Olson's marital communication scale for comparing another country with ours and on the training and programs for couple's skillful communication ability.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

Objective : For the purpose of developing Boraginaceae plants recorded in Korean Herbology in Korea, the literatures of the successive generations have been thoroughly investigated to prepare this article. Methods : Books and research papers about Herbology which published at Korea and other countries were examined. Results : A list was made about Boraginaceae plant which were cultivated or grew naturally in Korea, after investigated the data on domestic and foreign Boraginaceae plants. Boraginaceae(grew in Korea) were divided into 14 classes with 24 species. Out of those, 6 classes with 9 species were found serviceable which indicates 37.5% of all. Out of all 24 species of Boraginaceae family, Trigonotis genus were found 5 species, which were shown the most. Among 3 genus of Lithospermum species, medicinal plants were all one species each. Out of all serviceable parts in Boraginaceae, Herb·Radix·Fructus parts took first place as 3 species. There are 2 species toxic, the survey said. 3 Classifying medicinal plants among the Borginaceae plants by part, whole herbs, roots, and fruits are found to be 3 separate species each. When it comes to the nature of taste, 5 kinds of taste without action and seven kinds of bitter taste are the most common. For channel tropism, liver channel has the largest number of 5 types. Conclusion : There were totaled to 14 genera and 24 species in Boraginaceae in Korea and among them medicinal plants are 6 genera, 9 species, some 37.5% in total.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.344-348
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• 2016

We developed a 2-channel fiber-optic temperature sensor (FOTS) using a temperature sensing probe, a fiber-optic coupler, transmitting optical fiber, and an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR). The temperature sensing probe is divided into a sensing probe and a reference probe for accurate thermometry. A sensing probe is composed of a silicon oil, a FC terminator, a brass pipe, and a singlemode optical fiber and the structure of a reference probe is identical with that of the sensing probe excluding a silicon oil. In this study, we measured the modified optical powers of the light signals reflected from the temperature sensing probe placed inside of the water with a thermal variation from 5 to $70^{\circ}C$. Although the optical power of the reference probe was constant regardless of the temperature change, the optical power of the sensing probe decreased linearly as the temperature increased. As experimental results, the FOTS using a subtraction method showed a small difference (i.e., hysteresis) in its response due to heating and cooling. The reversibility and reproducibility of the FOTS were also evaluated.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.43 no.11
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• pp.945-956
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• 2010

Practically, the composite roughness coefficient, which is the equivalent roughness coefficient of a cross-section where the wall roughness is not constant along the wetted perimeter, is used to describe the flow conditions in open channels. In this study, it was conducted that the previous formulae was classified according to a weighting factor of the local resistance. The new subsection division method was also developed based on the force-balance concept in each subsection. The accuracy of the proposed method was examined and the applicability and limitation of the 13 existing formulae were analyzed by comparing the calculated with the experimental measured data from Djajadi (2009) and Knight and Macdonald (1979). It was found that Horton's method might underestimate the total conveyance of a composite channel and Lotter's method showed a good agreement between calculated and measured data. However, the proper division method, such as the proposed method based on the Z-method, is required for the application of Lotter's method.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.172-183
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• 2005

To assess the macrobenthic community of oligohaline Youngam Lake, which is located at the Youngsan Watershed on the southwest part of Korea, macrobenthic fauna were collected at 45 stations during May, 2002. A total of 16 species of macrofauna were recorded with a mean density of 240 individuals per $m^2$ and a mean biomass of 7.07 g wet weight per $m^2$. Major dominant faunal groups were crustacean arthropods in terms of the number of species and abundance, and polychaete annelids in terms of biomass. The mean grain size was $5.7\;{\phi}$ which was dominated by silt fraction. The hydrological environment of the lake was characterised as an oligohaline environment with a mean surface water temperature of $17.8^{\circ}C$ and a mean salinity of 2.08 psu. The major dominant species were amphipods, Corophium sp. ($31\%$) and Jesogammarus sp. ($25\%$). Lowe. values of species diversity (H') with a mean of 0.81 (less than 1.0 from most stations) reflected the overall poor faunal diversity in this area. Multivariate analysis suggested that this benthic faunal community could be divided into four sub-regions such as the area from lake proper to water channel to the south, the stations located at the entrance and northern water channel, the stations near the dike, and the lake proper area. Freshwater and brackish water species which occurred in each station group were corresponded to the oligohaline salinity regime. Bottom hypoxia appeared in the entrance part of the lake between dyke and lake proper on May, which was resulted from stratification from spring season. These facts imply that marine macrobenthos were severely impacted by low salinity and a consequent hypoxia after embankment of the lake due to the restriction of water circulation.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.337-353
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• 1996

The following results are obtained through study on the Three Eum and Three Yang. 1. Up to nowadays, many people confuse the Great Yang, the lesser Eum, the Great Eum, and the lesser Yang of the Sasang with the Great Yang, the lesser Yang, the Sunlight, the Great Eum, the lesser Eum, and the absolute Eum of the Three Eum and Three Yang becuase they are expressed with the same letters. But the former is the second specialization of the Eum and Yang, and the latter is the transformation of the six climate, so they cannot be the same thing, and there is no connection between them. 2. Three Eum and Three Yang is the outer expression of the six climate, which is coldness, heat, dryness, humidity, wind, and the fire, and it is the conception of the formation of objects which possess SI-JUNG-JONG & BON-JUNG-MAL, and it represents one term of the status of transformation in which the life and the Yang Qi are born, grown, united, and completed. 3. The Three Eum and Three Yang is not only applyed to the outer expression of the six climate, but also to the twelve channels which correspond with the twelve viscera, six differentiation of the disease of the cold, various illness, and the form of pulse. 4. The combination of the Three Eum and Three Yang and the twelve channels is divided into the channel of Sahwa and the channel of Jonghwa, and it also has important relationship with the physiology of the viscera. 5. The division of the six channels of disease of the cold suggested by Junggyung originates from the heat theory in Neagyung, but the six channels in the heat theory are of pathological conception, so the six channels of Junggyung includes the disease of the channels and the viscera. 6. The difference of the Pyo, Bon, Jung Qi of the Three Eum and Three Yang makes the syndrom of the disease diverse so it can be used in the diagnosis and the treatment of disease, and further studies are necessary on this part.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.157-163
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• 2011

In this study, after the target basin was divided into both overland and channel grids, the travel time from center of each grid cell to watershed's outlet was calculated based on the manning equation. Through this process, volumetric discharge was calculated according to the isochrones and finally, the direct runoff hydrograph was estimated considering watershed's hydrodynamic characteristics. Sanseong subwatershed located in main stream of Bocheong basin was selected as a target basin. The model parameters are only two: area threshold and channel velocity correction factor; the optimized values were estimated at 3,800 and 3.3, respectively. The developed model based on the tuned parameters led to well-matching results between observed and calculated hydrographs (mean of absolute error of peak discharge: 3.41%, mean of absolute error of peak time: 0.67 hr). Moreover, the analysis results regarding histogram of travel time-contribution area demonstrates that the proposed model characterizes relatively well hydrodynamic characteristics of the catchment due to effective rainfall.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.6_3
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• pp.2011-2025
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• 2021

In high-resolution satellite image classification, when the color values of pixels belonging to one class are different, such as buildings with various colors, it is difficult to determine the color information representing the class. In this paper, to solve the problem of determining the representative color information of a class, we propose a method to divide the color channel of HSV (Hue Saturation Value) and perform object-based classification. To this end, after transforming the input image of the RGB color space into the components of the HSV color space, the Hue component is divided into subchannels at regular intervals. The minimum distance-based image classification is performed for each hue subchannel, and the classification result is combined with the image segmentation result. As a result of applying the proposed method to KOMPSAT-3A imagery, the overall accuracy was 84.97% and the kappa coefficient was 77.56%, and the classification accuracy was improved by more than 10% compared to a commercial software.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.47-57
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• 2021

Objective : For the purpose of developing Convoivulaceae plants recorded in Korean Herbology in Korea, the literatures of the successive generations have been thoroughly investigated to prepare this article. Methods : Books and research papers about Herbology which published at Korea and other countries were examined. Results : A list was made about Convoivulaceae plant which were cultivated or grew naturally in Korea, after investigated the data on domestic and foreign Convoivulaceae plants. Convoivulaceae(grew in Korea) were divided into 6 classes with 18 species. Out of those, 6 classes with 13 species were found serviceable which indicates approximately 72% of all. Out of all 18 species of Convoivulaceae family, Calystegia genus were found 6 species, which were shown the most. Among 4 genus of Calystegia species, medicinal plants were all one species each. Out of all serviceable parts in Convoivulaceae, Herb·Radix·Tuber·Semen·Flower·Stem and Folium parts took first place as 8 species. There are 2 species toxic, the survey said. 6 Classifying medicinal plants among the Convoivulaceae plants by part, whole Herbs are found to be 8 separate species each. When it comes to the nature of taste, 10 kinds of taste without action and 7 kinds of sweet taste are the most common. For channel tropism, kidney channel has the largest number of 7 types. Conclusion : A total of 6 genera and 18 species of Convoivulaceae was found in the Korean among which 6 genera and 13 species(approximately 72%) were medicinal plants. Two species toxic drugs were detected.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.294-299
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• 2022

Background: Medical therapy is the standard treatment for uncomplicated acute type B aortic dissection (ATBAD), but there is little evidence of the need for intensive care unit (ICU) management. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of ICU treatment on uncomplicated ATBAD. Methods: We retrospectively studied patients with uncomplicated ATBAD who were medically treated between January 2010 and July 2020. Patients were divided into short-term ICU stay (SIS) and long-term ICU stay (LIS) groups, according to a 48-hour cutoff of ICU stay duration. The incidence of pneumonia and delirium, rate of aortic events, hospital mortality, and survival rate were compared. Results: Fifty-five patients were treated for uncomplicated ATBAD (n=29 for SIS and n=26 for LIS). The incidence of pneumonia (3.6% vs. 7.7%) and delirium (14.3% vs. 34.6%) was higher in the LIS group than in the SIS group, but the differences were not statistically significant. The survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were not different between the two groups (SIS: 96.4%, 92.2%, and 75.5% vs. LIS: 96.2%, 88.0%, and 54.2%, respectively; p=0.102). Multivariate Cox regression analysis for aortic events showed that using a calcium channel blocker lowered the risk of aortic events. Conclusion: Long-term ICU treatment is unlikely to be necessary for the treatment of uncomplicated ATBAD. Active use of antihypertensive agents, such as calcium channel blockers, may be needed during the follow-up period.