• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.144-148
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• 2020

Corn silk (Okmi-su) was anciently adopted as a material for tea or beverage. Corn silk extracts (CSE) contain bioactive phytochemicals such as phenolic acid, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, tannins, and glycosides. Under the impact of these functional components, CSE has benefits for antioxidation, diuresis, anti-diabetes, and dyslipidemia recovery. Nonetheless, its role in whole-body adiposity was not investigated; therefore, the effects of CSE on obesity were evaluated in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Mice were assigned to either group (n=12); 1) normal diet (18% kcal from fat), 2) high-fat diet (45% kcal from fat, the control), 3) high-fat diet with CSE (800 mg/kg diet), and 4) high-fat diet with orlistat (500 mg/kg diet, a comparable control for weight loss). Our results showed that body weight, adiposity, and energy expenditure in obese mice were not altered by CSE. Lean body mass tended to decrease by CSE, which can be explained by stimulation of diuresis (p=0.06). In conclusion, our results suggest that dietary consumption of CSE does not influence the adiposity and underlying substrate utilization in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.498-511
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• 1997

The effects of UK 14,304, an ${\alpha}_2$-adrenergic agonist, on renal function were investigated in dogs. UK 14,304, when given intravenousely($15.0{\mu}g/kg,\;50{\mu}g/kg$), produced the increase of urine flow accompanied with the marked augmentation of free water clearance ($C_{H_2O}$) and reabsorption rates of sodium in renal tubules ($R_{Na}$), and the remarkable decrease of osmolar clearance ($C_{osm}$) and the amounts of sodium excreted in urine ($E_{Na}$). UK 14,304 given into a renal artery($1.5{\mu}g/kg,\;5.0{\mu}g/kg$) elicited the increase of urine flow with the augmentation of $C_{H_2O}$ in both kidney. UK 14,304, when administered into carotid artery($3.0{\mu}g/kg,\;10.0{\mu}g/kg$). exhibited the same aspect as shown in intravenous UK 14.304 at smaller dose than the intravenous dose. Diuretic action of intravenous UK 14,304 were produced together with increase of $C_{H_2O}$ in situation of water diuresis too, changes of renal function in this state were the increase of $C_{osm},\;E_{Na},\;and\;E_K$ (excreted amounts of potassium in urine), and the decrease of $R_{Na}\;and\;R_K$, these were different appearances from situation of saline diuresis. Diuretic action of intravenous UK 14,304 were blocked completely by post or pretreatment of yohim-bine, ${\alpha}_2$-adrenergic blocking agents, and inhibited by pretreatment of vasopressin, antidiuretic hormone. Above results suggest that UK 14,304 produces the diuretic action by the inhibition of vasopressin secretion and suppression of electrolytes reabsorption of electrolytes in renal tubules mediated with central ${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptor in dog.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.137-146
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• 1992

The central tryptaminergic system has been shown to play an important role in the regulation of renal function: $5-HT_1$ receptor mediate diuresis and natriuresis, whereas both $5-HT_2$ and $5-HT_3$ mediate antidiuresis and antinatriuresis. Recently, $5-HT_1$ receptors are further subdivided into many subtypes, and central $5-HT_{1A}$ subtype was shown to mediate diuretic and natriuretic effects. The present study was undertaken to delineate the role of $5-HT_{1B}$ subtype. Trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine (TFMPP), a selective $5-HT_{1B}$ agonist in doses ranging from 8 to $750\;{\mu}g/kg$ icv elicited diuresis, natriuresis and kaliuresis in dose-dependent fashion, with the fractional excretion of filtered Na reaching 5.44% with $250\;{\mu}g/kg$ icv. The natriuresis outlasted the transient increases in renal hemodynamics, suggesting humoral mediation in the decreased tubular Na reabsorption. Plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide increased along with the natriuresis. Systemic blood pressure transiently increased. When given intravenously, no diuresis and natriuresis was elicited, indicating the central mechanism. The icv TFMPP effects were not significantly affected by icv methysergide, a nonselective $5-HT_1$ blocker. Both ketanserin and MDL 72222, selective $5-HT_2$ and $5-HT_3$ antagonists, resp., did not abolish the TFMPP effects. Nor did NAN-190, $5-HT_{1A}$ blocker, affect the TFMPP effects. These observations suggest that central $5-HT_{1B}$ receptors may play a role in the central regulation of renal function by exerting diuretic and natriuretic influences, mainly through natriuretic factors.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.79-87
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• 1986

Recently it has been shown that central dopaminergic system regulates the renal function and that intracerebroventricularly (icv) administered dopamine (DA) produces antidiuresis and antinaturiuresis, resembling icv norepinephrine, and evidence has been accumulated which would suggest the involvement of adrenergic system in the DA effects. It was attempted therefore in this study to see whether the DA effect is influenced by pretreatment of yohimbine which is known as a specific ${\alpha}_2-adrenoceptor$ antagonist. Yohimbine produced, when given icv in doses of $100\;{\mu}g/kg$, marked antidiuresis and antinatriuresis along with decreases in renal perfusion and glomerular filtration. DA, in doses of $15\;{\mu}g/kg$, also produced antidiuresis and antinaturiuresis. However, after yohimbine-pretreatment DA $15\;{\mu}g/kg$ improved renal hemodynamics, and electrolyte excretion and urine flow rate transiently increased. With $150\;{\mu}g/kg$ DA, the antidiuresis was more marked in the control group. But the yohimbine-pretreated animals responded with marked diuresis and natriuresis, sodium excretion increasing more than three-fold, which lasted for 20 minutes. $K^+-excretion$, osmolar clearance as well as free-water reabsorption increased. Renal hemodynamics improved partly. Apomorphine, a DA agonist, when given icv in doses of $150\;{\mu}g/kg$, produced diuresis and naturiuresis, concomitant with increased renal hemodynamics. Yohimbine-pretreatment however did not abolish the apomorphine-induced diuresis and naturiuresis. Antidiuresis and antinatriuresis elicited by norepinephrine, $10\;{\mu}g/kg$, was not affected by yohimbine-pretreatment. These results indicate that the renal effects of icv DA is not so simple as those of norepinephrine, and the diuretic natriuretic cffect which had been masked by the hemodynamic effect becomes manifest only when the decreases in hemodynamics were removed by the pretreatment of yohimbine. It was further suggested that those DA receptors which mediate the natriuretic response to icv DA is not affected by yohimbine, whereas those receptors involved in the decrease in renal hemodvnamics are blocked by yohimbine. And the possibility of involvement of adrcnergic system in the DA action is not substantiated.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.753-758
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• 1998

Sixteen novel 2-substituted acetyl amino-5-alkyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol were synthesized and screened for their pharmacological activities. A few of the compounds namely 11, 12 and 16 showed anti-inflammatory activities comparable to phenylbutazone. Compound 12 also showed significan non-specific spasmolytic activity. Diuretic activity of compound 15 at a dose level of 90mg/kg p.o. was two fold higher compared to 50mg/kg p.o. of furosemide. Comparable diuresis was aso produced by compounds 9, 10, and 16.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.41-45
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• 2013

Objective: The root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. Japonica (Ulmi Radicis cortex, URC) is a medicinal herb used for promoting diuresis and treating dampness. In Korea, URC has long been used as an efficacious therapy for inflammation, burns, frostbite and skin diseases such as eczema and psoriasis. Methods: In the present study, we used 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced contact dermatitis (CD) mouse model to investigate the anti-allergic and the anti-inflammatory effects of URC on skin lesion, histopathological changes and specific antibody production. Results: URC treatment, 10 mg/mL, effectively inhibited skin lesions induced by repeated paintings with DNFB. In the histopathological observation, topical application of URC inhibited spongiosis. In addition, URC lowered the production levels of total immunoglobulin and IgG2a in serum. Conclusion: These data indicate that URC has an anti-inflammatory effect that produces an improvement of skin lesions in CD mice.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.38 no.2 s.149
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• pp.148-151
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• 2007

Ig Mo Cho (益母草) has been used as remedy for invigorating blood circulation to remove blood stasis and relieving edema by inducing diuresis. With regard to the botanical origin of Ig Mo Cho, it has been considered to be Leonurus spiecies of Labiatae, but there has never been pharmacognostical confirmation on it. To clarify the botanical origin of Ig Mo Cho from Korea, the anatomical characteristics of Leonurus japonicus and L. sibiricus were studied. As a result, the botanical origin of Ig Mo Cho from Korea was proved the herba of Leonurus japonicus.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.85-89
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• 1971

The renal action of furosemide was investigated in the chicken, a species which has poorly developed loops of Henle and only rudimentary counter-current system in the kidney. Furosemide was infused into a hindleg vein, which is known to lead to the peritubular capillaries, forming renal portal system. A dose of 0.03 mg/kg/20 min. furosemide elicited a profound diuresis with saluresis, limited only to the infused side. This action rests on the inhibition of sodium reabsorption in the tubules, as the GFR remained unchanged or even decreased. It is thus inferred that the action of furosemide on Henle's loop contributes to the overall diuretic action only a negligible degree.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.34-46
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• 1971

The existence of oxytocin in the pituitary gland of chicken has been ascertained, but its physiological roles are still obscure. In the study the action of oxytocin on renal function of the chicken was investigated during water diuresis, utilizing clearance and the Sperber technique. The results obtained are summarized as follows: Oxytocin, like in many species of mammals, elicited a profound diuretic response in the chicken. Urine flow, excretion of electrolytes, as well as glomerular filteration rate increased, with intravenous infusion of $3{\sim}10\;m{\mu}/kg/min$. Oxtocin, infused into the renal portal circulation via hindleg vein in a dose of $3{\sim}13\;m{\mu}/kg/min$. elicited marked increase in urine flow, glomerular filteration rate and sodium excreted in the urine. The diuretic effect was more pronounced in the infused side. It is suggested that diuretic response to oxytocin in the chicken results from dual action of oxytocin: increase of GFR and inhibition of sodium reabsorption on the renal tubule. The possibility that oxytocin might act through some endogenous substances could be ruled out.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.7 no.1_2
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• pp.35-43
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• 1992

Mugwort has been used as a Korean folk medicine in treating liver diseases acting as an analgesics, sedative, diuresis, choleretics. This study was perfomed to evaluate the effect of mugwort extracts on the changes of enzyme activities, lipid accumulation of the serum and liver, when hepatotoxicity was induced by benzo(a)pyrene. The results are as follows: 1. Mugwort water extract administration prevented the increase of serum and liver AST, ALT, LDH, ${\gamma}$-GTP, liver ALP activities and bilirubin content caused by B(a)P injection. 2. The increase of serum and liver ALT, LDH, ${\gamma}$-GTP, serum AST activities and liver bilirubin contents in B(a)P treated group were decreased by mugwort methanol extract treatment. 3. Serum and liver total cholesterol, phospholipid, triglyceride level and serum HDL-cholesterol level were increased by B(a)P treatment. After combined treatment of mugwort water and methanul extracts, these lipid content were significantly decreased. 4. The hepatotropic effect of mugwort water extract and after-treatment against B(a)P induced hepatotoxicity was superior to that of methanol extract and pretreatment.