• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.5-15
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• 2018

Purpose - This study aims to identify of prospective areas for the formation of information and high technology clusters, and propose the new distribution of Kazakhstan's regions according to the innovative development and the ability to perceive IT products. Research design, data, and methodology - The application of scientific methods in this research will allow to systematize the available data, from both a theoretical and empirical perspective. In addition, the authors proposed methodological approaches, which have a three-tiered gradation: macro-level, meso-level and micro-level. Results - This study confirms the importance of using of proposed methods and its application for real data in order to the formation of IT and high technology clusters. Further, the obtained results allowed identifying of the distribution of Kazakhstan's regions by innovative development and specialization with using of HHI indexes. Conclusions - According to the results of this theoretical and empirical study proved that distribution of the regions of Kazakhstan and results of HHI indexes shows the power of the agglomeration effect. In addition, according to the conducted survey, we conclude that in Kazakhstan there are sufficient organizational and economic opportunities, trends and conditions for the formation of IT and high technology clusters.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.12 no.3 s.30
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• pp.43-50
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• 2004

This study has an object of searching for appropriateness in applying the trip distribution model by studying the changes of the character of parameter which the model contains and by analyzing and evaluating trip distribution technique out of few steps of pre-estimate technique for the traffic demand through computer simulation centering around Kwangju. Method of this study is investigating the basic theory for trip distribution model and with this grounding, I rearranged it as research data for trip distribution model compatible for Kwangju, using data such as research data on actual state, the statistics annual report and basic plan for traffic full equipment of Kwangju. So, The most stable measure of the type of trip distribution of Kwangju city was produced in Fratar and Detroit model, however, gravity model has a little bit low reliance in sharing of estimation and actual survey although it is astringent in short period.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.43-54
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• 2021

Purpose: The restrictions posed by the COVID-19 pandemic have affected the normal functioning of the economy. A country like India is facing a lot of concerns in all its sectors especially, in its fiscal system. This paper makes an attempt to examine the impact of COVID-19 first wave on Goods and Service Tax revenue collection and distribution in India and also studies the impact of COVID-19 first wave on the state wise GST revenue of the country. Research Design, Data and Methodology: Our study is based on published GST revenue data. Tools such as Paired Sample t-test, Wilcoxon signed rank test are employed to analyze the data. Results: Our results provide evidence that there is a sharp decline in the GST revenue in the months after the lockdown announcement. The large states show no significance impact of COVID-19 pandemic on GST collection. Whereas, small states like Manipur and Goa show significant difference in GST revenue collection & distribution between the pre and post lockdown period. Conclusion: The outcome of this study will help the policymakers to analyze the extent of the GST revenue loss to the government treasury and will allow them to take appropriate measures in the future.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.171-177
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• 2021

In terms of distribution planning, accurate electric load prediction is one of the most important factors. The future load prediction has manually been performed by calculating the maximum electric load considering loads transfer/switching and multiplying it with the load increase rate. In here, the risk of human error is inherent and thus an automated maximum electric load forecasting system is required. Although there are many existing methods and techniques to predict future electric loads, such as regression analysis, many of them have limitations in reflecting the nonlinear characteristics of the electric load and the complexity due to Photovoltaics (PVs), Electric Vehicles (EVs), and etc. This study, therefore, proposes a method of predicting future electric loads on distribution lines by using Machine Learning (ML) method that can reflect the characteristics of these nonlinearities. In addition, predictive models were developed based on actual data collected at KEPCO's existing distribution lines and the adequacy of developed models was verified as well. Also, as the distribution planning has a direct bearing on the investment, and amount of investment has a direct bearing on the maximum electric load, various baseline such as maximum, lowest, median value that can assesses the adequacy and accuracy of proposed ML based electric load prediction methods were suggested.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Purpose: Marketing and especially distribution channels has proved challenging for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) worldwide due to its exorbitant cost. The objective of this study is to access the role and impact of digital marketing as a new distribution channel in companies located in Kosovo. Research design, data and methodology: To achieve the objective of the research, data was collected from 64 respondents/participants working in different organizations and sectors. Results: The result of the data collected showed that digital marketing plays a huge role and an effective medium in distribution of products and services, and helps in boosting sales of companies. The results showed that this form of marketing helps with retention of customers and cost effectiveness. Conclusions: The managerial implication of this study is that it is believed that customers in the topical conversation region are impacted by Kosovo businesses and their online marketing initiatives. The results of this study suggest that marketers and managers should take advantage of social media in order to accomplish the study's main objective. However, for enhanced productivity and high-level effectiveness of Digital marketing in Kosovo, there should be proper sensitization on the available digital marketing options and how it can be done.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.113-120
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine how payment systems for traditional distribution channels pursue changes and how they collaborate in-depth with fintech companies. This study examines the changing payment system through the strategic partnership between distribution companies and fintech companies. Research Design, Data and Methodology: The study conducted research using a variety of secondary materials and existing literature and also utilized the interview method. More specific and in-depth research is conducted through various literature studies and secondary data. Findings and Results: The findings of the study are as follows. First, distributors have occasionally directly adopted simple payment systems due to changes in payment systems as a result of online advances. Second, distributors were found to collaborate with fintech companies when not directly using simple payment. Conclusions: Such maneuvers by distributors are aimed at first, providing convenience and simplicity for consumers. Second, developing the ability to apply big data for accumulating consumer information and third, producing a customer lock-in effect by reducing the fees charged for existing payment services. The present study will provide many domestic and international distributors with a new perspective and practical implications in terms of the distribution and finance industries.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2023

The Tibetan Plateau is home to the only alpine crane species, the black-necked crane (Grus nigricollis). Conservation efforts are severely hampered by a lack of knowledge on the spatial distribution and breeding habitats of this species. The ecological niche modeling framework used to predict the spatial distribution of this species, based on the maximum entropy and occurrence record data, allowed us to generate a species-specific spatial distribution map in Ladakh, Trans-Himalaya, India. The model was created by assimilating species occurrence data from 486 geographical sites with 24 topographic and bioclimatic variables. Fourteen variables helped forecast the distribution of black-necked cranes by 96.2%. The area under the curve score for the model training data was high (0.98), indicating the accuracy and predictive performance of the model. Of the total study area, the areas with high and moderate habitat suitability for black-necked cranes were anticipated to be 8,156 km² and 6,759 km², respectively. The area with high habitat suitability within the protected areas was 5,335 km². The spatial distribution predicted using our model showed that the majority of speculated conservation areas bordered the existing protected areas of the Changthang Wildlife Sanctuary. Hence, we believe, that by increasing the current study area, we can account for these gaps in conservation areas, more effectively.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.65-75
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• 2022

Purpose: Environmental pollution problems have become more and more serious, how to effectively protect the environment has become a hot spot of concern to all sectors of society. The way to solve this problem is environmentally friendly management. However, theoretical perspectives and research frameworks of existing research on environmentally friendly management are still unclear. This study aims to examine how the CEO's beliefs for SMEs of Chinese distribution industry affect the environmentally friendly management based on institutional theory. Research design, data, and methodology: This paper collected data from 215 SMEs in China distribution industry and conducted a series of data analysis and hypothesis testing based on an institutional theory perspective using Amos and SPSS to verify the effects of regulatory pressure, normative pressure, and imitation pressure on firms' environmentally friendly management. Results: Through the analysis, this paper tests that normative pressure and imitative pressure have a positive effect on CEO's beliefs. However, regulatory pressure did not have a significant effect on beliefs of CEO. Meanwhile, the degree of CEO's beliefs has a positive effect on environmentally friendly management in Chinese distribution SMEs. Conclusions: Theoretical contributions, practical implications, and future research directions are discussed.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2022

Economic progress has changed views of people in interpreting welfare and this affects the level of household consumption expenditure. An analysis of this issue is important to do so that the community may encourage the utilization and distribution of community welfare to be wiser and balanced in order to achieve the properness and appropriateness of welfare programs management with the development goals. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the impact of personal income, experience on lifestyle, and its distribution to household consumption of Makassar City Industrial workers. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: Data collection in this study was carried out by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents in Makassar City, South Sulawesi. Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis was used as data analysis. Result: This study indicated income has a positive and significant effect on lifestyle, while experience has no significant effect on lifestyle, and family member has a positive and significant effect on lifestyle. This study also indicated that lifestyle has a significant effect on Household Consumption. Conclusion: Consumption patterns are influenced by many factors, so people need to be wise in regulating consumption patterns and managing the distribution of their economic resources in order to achieve balance of economic in family.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.53-61
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aims to analyze distribution of work ethic factors in moderating the influence of Locus of Control on Employee Performance at PDAM (Regional Water Utility) Makassar City. Research design, data and methodology: The sample uses a purposive sampling method with a number sample as many as 35 respondents in PDAM Makassar City. The data collection method used is giving questionnaires to employees in accordance with the research conducted. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression analysis tests and moderated regression analysis with an absolute difference value approach. Results: Locus of control has a positive and significant effect on employee performance and distribution of work ethics are able to moderate the influence of locus of control on employee performance in PDAM Makassar City. Conclusion: when locus of control increases it will be followed by an increase in employee performance, and also equal distribution of work ethic will strengthen the influence of locus of control on employee performance at PDAM Makassar City. Work ethic values that can be implemented include determining work ethic values, clear communication to evaluation and adjustment. The limitation of this research is that it only uses respondents from civil servants and needs further development.