• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.106-112
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• 2011

This study developed preliminary assessment methodology for priority listing of soil and groundwater contamination sources, considering source characteristics, local environments and risk receptors. Source characteristics were evaluated by scoring relative risk of contamination sources. Local environments were evaluated by scoring annual rainfall, hydraulic conductivity of aquifer, and annual groundwater use. Risk receptors were evaluated by scoring local population, direct distance to surface water, direct distance to drinking-water wells. Scores of each parameter were allocated by analysing distribution of parameter values obtained from government databases. Distributed scores of source characteristics local environments: risk receptors were 12 : 12 : 12. The preliminary assessment scored 0 to 36 for each soil and groundwater sources. Inventory of soil and groundwater sources consisted of 7 categories. This study applied the preliminary assessment methodology to Manan-Gu, Anyang City, Korea. The number of car repair and washing facility was the largest in the contamination source inventory. Petroleum storage facilities showed the highest assessment score. The preliminary assessment methodology also indicated that Anyang-Dong was the priority section among Anyang-Dong, Suksu-Dong, Bakdal-Dong. This study is the first trial for relative ranking soil and groundwater contamination sources by considering source and local characteristics. Therefore, further researches and revision of the preliminary assessment methodology need to be pursued for various applications.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.245-257
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 격자로 분할된 유역에 ModClark 모형을 적용하여 수문모형의 매개변수를 산정하고 격자분할에 따른 유출변화에 대해서 검토하였다. 연구대상 유역은 IHP (국제수문개발계획)의 대표유역의 하나인 금강수계의 보청천 유역으로 하였다. 유역의 수문지형정보들은 HEC-GeoHMS를 이용하여 계산하였다. ModClark 모형은 격자형태의 강우자료를 요구하며 이 자료들은 HEC-DSS 파일 형태로 기록되어져 있어야 한다. 따라서 크리깅 방법을 이용하여 지점우량을 전체유역에 대한 격자 강우를 생성하였으며, Hec-DSSVue 프로그램을 이용하여 강우 입력자료를 DSS 파일로 생성하였다. 격자 크기 10000m, 5000m, 2000m 및 1000m에 대한 3가지 유출사상에 대해 모의하였으며, 모의 결과 첨두 홍수량, 유출체적, 첨두홍수 도달시간에 대해 실측수문곡선과 비교적 양호한 결과를 나타내었다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.31-44
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• 2016

This study analyzed pore water pressure, earth pressure and settlement through field monitoring on the project site in which raising embankments are being built through backside extension, and compared the behaviors of seepage analysis, slope stability analysis and stress-strain during flood water levels and rapid drawdown under steady state and transient condition. The variation of pore water pressure showed an increase during the later period in both upstream and downstream slope, with downstream slope more largely increased than upstream slope overall. The variation of earth pressure increased according to the increase of embankment heights, while the change largely showed in the upstream slope, it was slowly increased in the downstream slope. The settlements largely increased until 23 m as embankment heights increased, and showed very little settlement overall. Under a steady state and transient conditions, the seepage quantity per day and leakage quantity per 100 m of embankment against total storage were shown to be stable for piping. The hydraulic gradient at the core before and after raising embankments was greater than the limit hydraulic gradient, showing instability for piping. The safety factor of upstream and downstream slopes were shown to be very large at a steady state, while the upstream slopes greatly decreased at a transit conditions, downstream slopes did not show any significant changes. The horizontal settlements, the maximum shear strain and stress are especially distributed at the connecting portion of the existing reservoir and the new extension of backside. Accordingly, the backside extension method should be designed and reinforced differently from the cases of other types reservoirs.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.70-80
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• 2007

This study was surveyed from January to september, 2007 in order to evaluate the function of coastal wetland as a ecological axis in korea peninsula. Assessment was done by RAM (Rapid Assessment Method). RAM is consisted of total 8 contents and divided into high, moderate, low. The preservation grade of RAM is divided into 4 grades; absolute preservation, preservation, improvement and improvement or restoration. Throughout survey on total 14 wetlands of marine, estuary wetland and back marsh which are distributed in west coast in chung-nam province, their function was assessed. As result, total all the 14 wetlands were judged as preservation grade by assessment of 8 functional contents. The function of wetlands assessed as preservation grade showed high in water quality protection and improvement. Also, showed high in vegetation diversity, wildlife habitat and aesthetic recreation. Meanwhile, showed low in ground water recharge, Shoreline/Stream Bank Protection, Flood/Stormwater storage and Flood flow alteration. Of wetlands evaluated as preservation grade, Dae-ho, Sinduri, Bu-Nam lake, Sowhang dune and keum river estuary were assessed as absolute preservative area owing to habitation of international protection species and endangered species. These wetlands are essential to be managed continuously as a area having high ecological value. Farther, this wetlands will be done as a axis of ecological network related to land ecosystem.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.195-200
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• 2014

Liquid fertilization of pig manure slurry is very useful treatment method to recycle organic waste matter as a valuable fertilizer. The solids precipitate and accumulated at the bottom of liquid fertilization tank. The content of nitrogen and phosphate are higher in sediment than pig manure slurry. The pH of sediment was 7.53. S-COD/T-COD ratio of pig manure slurry and sediment were 0.477, 0.29, respectively. The moisture content of sediment of pig manure slurry and sediment were 80.45~83.82%, 97%, respectively. The content of organic matter of sediment was 8.79~10.56%. The content of nitrogen and phosphate of sediment and pig manure slurry were 9,000~11,100 mg/L, 9,100~11,100 mg/L, respectively. The particle size of pig manure slurry was distributed from 2 mm to 0.125 mm. On the other hand. the particle size of sediment was under 0.125 mm.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 1992

인삼(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer)의 채종전 홍숙 종자로부터 채종 후 미개갑 종자까지 단계별 배발달에 따른 배유세포내 단백과립의 변화상을 확인하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 홍숙 초기단계의 종자의 배유세포에는 구형의 스페로솜이 산재하였으며, 액포내에는 저장 단백질이 축적되어 단백과립을 형성하였다. 홍숙 말기단계의 종자의 배유세포내 세포질은 대부분 스페로솜과 단백과립으로 충만하였고, 세포소기관은 거의 관찰할 수 없었으며, 단백과립은 전자밀도가 높은 무정형의 함유물을 가지고 있는 것과 균일한 단백질 기질로만 이루어져 있는 것 등으로 크게 구분되었다. 채종 후 후숙 처리를 하지 않은 미개갑 종자에서, 배유세포내 단백과립은 구상체(globoid), 단백질 결정체 등을 함유하고 있었고, 구상체는 다양한 형태의 전자밀도가 높은 물질을 가지고 있었다. 제형층은 배와 배유조직 사이에 위치하였으며, 이와 인접하여 배유세포벽의 분해양상과 셀루로우즈 미세섬유상이 관찰되었다. 제형층은 lipid body와 분해된 배유세포의 잔유물로 이루어져 있었다. 제형층과 인접한 배유세포의 단백과립은 퇴행성 변화를 나타내었고, 이로 인해 단백질 기질은 전자밀도가 점진적으로 낮아지는 결과를 얻었다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2008

해쉬체인을 이용한 사용자의 인증과 무결성 제공방법이 활성화되면서 이를 이용한 인증서 상태검증 방법들이 다양하게 제안되었다. 제안된 방법들 중에 NOVOMODO에서는 CA가 해쉬값을 생성하여 각사용자에게 배포하고 Jianying Zhou의 프레임워크와 양종필의 개선된 프레임워크에서는 사용자가 해쉬값을 생성하여 검증자에게 전달한다. 그러므로 해쉬값의 생성 및 배포를 위한 작업량이 각 사용자에게 분산되어진다. 그러나 이들 프레임워크는 CA가 발행한 인증서에 오류가 없고 CA의 개인키가 노출되지 않는다는 가정을 전제로 하고 있다. CA도 공격자에 의해 언제든지 개인키가 노출될 수 있으므로 이들 프레임워크는 실제 PKI 환경에 적합하지 않다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 사용자의 인증서에 CA가 제어할 수 있는 해쉬값을 추가하여 이를 해결하고자 한다. 추가되는 해쉬값은 8A내의 사용자들에게 동일하며 CA에서 해쉬값을 생성, 저장 및 배포하기 위한 비용이 적다. 그리고 우리는 또한 양종필의 프레임워크에서 서명 및 검증 절차의 문제점을 지적하고 개선 방법을 제안한다. 우리의 제안은 다른 프레임워크들보다 실제 PKI 환경에 적합하다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.683-691
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to identify the coccoidal bacteria present in 188 samples of fermented yaks’, mares’ and cows’ milk products collected from 12 different regions in Mongolia. Furthermore, we evaluated the fermentation properties of ten selected isolates of the predominant species, Streptococcus (S.) thermophiles, during the process of milk fermentation and subsequent storage of the resulting yoghurt at 4℃. Overall, 159 isolates were obtained from 188 samples using M17 agar. These isolates were presumed to be lactic acid bacteria based on their gram-positive and catalase-negative properties, and were identified to species level using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. These coccoid isolates were distributed in four genera and six species: Enterococcus (E.) durans, Enterococcus (E.) faecalis, Lactococcus (Lac.) subsp. lactis, Leuconostoc (Leuc.) lactis, Leuconostoc (Leuc.) mesenteroides. subsp. mesenteroides and S. thermophilus. Among these S. thermophilus was the most common species in most samples. From evaluation of the fermentation characteristics (viable counts, pH, titratable acidity [TA]) of ten selected S. thermophilus isolates we could identify four isolates (IMAU 20246, IMAU20764, IMAU20729 and IMAU20738) that were fast acid producers. IMAU20246 produced the highest concentrations of lactic acid and formic acid. These isolates have potential as starter cultures for yoghurt production.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.611-622
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 제주도 서귀포유역의 지하수 유동시스템 해석을 위해 MODFLOW 모델을 이용하였으며 양수량 측정자료를 통한 투수량계수 및 저류계수를 초기치로 선정하여 시행착오법을 통한 대상유역의 최종 매개변수를 얻을 수 있었고 모델의 모의 발생을 한 결과 지하수유동시스템에 대한 적용성이 잘 반영됨을 알 수 있었다. 서귀포 유역은 지형지질을 고려한 관측치 해석, 이(1996)의 연구결과 및 모의발생을 통한 결과로 볼 때 지하수두 분포는 표고 400m이내에서 안정된 지하수 함양에 의한 용출이 이루어지고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 부정류상태하에서 지하수 유동경로 해석을 위하여 수두분포의 결과치를 이용한 유속벡터 분석을 실시한 결과 유속벡터가 상대적으로 크게 나타난 지역은 II, III 및 Ⅵ지점이었으며 지하수 유동경로는 I, II, III, IV, V, Ⅵ 및 Ⅶ지점의 각 방향으로 분산되어 유출되고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.83-96
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to characterize the local levels of VOCs (volatile organic compounds), to develop source profiles of VOCs, and to quantify the source contribution of VOCs using the CMB (chemical mass balance) model. The concentration of VOCs had been measured every 6-day duration in the SRO monitoring site in the Yeosu Petrochemical Industrial Complex from September 2000 to August 2002. The total of 35 target VOCs, which were included in the TO-14 designated from the U.S. EPA, was selected to be monitored in the study area. During a 24-h period, the ambient VOCs were sampled by using canisters placing about 10 ～ 15 m above the ground level. The collected canisters were then analyzed by a GC-MS in the laboratory. Aside from ambient sampling at the SRO site, the VOCs had been intensively and massively measured from 8 direct sources and 4 general sources in the study area. The results obtained in the study were as follows; first, the annual mean concentrations of the target VOCs were widely distributed regardless of monitoring sites in the Yeosu Petrochemical Industrial Complex. In particular, the concentrations of BTX (Benzene, Toluene, Xylene), vinyl chloride were higher than other target compounds. Second, based on these source sample data, source profiles for VOCs were developed to apply a receptor model, the CMB model. Third, the results of source apportionment study for the VOCs in the SRO Site were as follows; The source of petrochemical plant was apportioned by 31.3% in terms of VOCs mass. The site was also affected by 16.7% from wastewater treatment plant, 14.0% from iron mills, 8.4% from refineries, 4.4% from oil storage, 3.8% from automobiles, 2.3% from fertilizer, 2.3% from painting, 2.2% from waste incinerator, 0.6% from graphic art, and 0.4% from gasoline vapor sources.