• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.1145-1161
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• 2004

The purpose of this research is to establish a method for the construction of a multimedia electronic dictionary system by integrating the media data available from linguistic resources on the Internet. As the result of this study, existing text-oriented electronic dictionary systems can be developed into multimedia lexical systems with greater efficiency and effectiveness. A method is proposed to integrate the media data of linguistic resources on the Internet by a web browser. In the proposed method, a web browser carries out all the work related to integration of media data, and it does not need a dedicated server system. The system constructed by our web browser environment integrates text, image, and voice sources, and also can produce moving pictures. Each media is associated with the meaning of data so that the data integration and movement may be specified in the associations. SMIL documents are generated by analyzing the meaning of each data unit and they are executed in a web browser. The proposed system can be operated without a dedicated server system. And also, the system saves storage space by sharing the each media data distributed on the Internet, and makes it easier to update data.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.41-51
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• 2008

The purpose of this article is to offer a guideline for residence planning for Koreans living in the United States. To achieve the goal, this article examines the Korean family's satisfaction rates of interior design and living conditions of houses in American cities, with a case study of families in Columbia, MO. A total of 105 valid samples(126 collected) out of 200 survey questionnaires distributed was acquired and processed with the statistical-aid software SPSS PC+ window version 14.0. The survey was analyzed using frequency, percentages, means, standard deviations, and multiple response analysis. The results are as follow: 1) Most of the Koreans preferred interior design and environment similar to their previous Korean residences. 2) Participants were not satisfied with partial/indirect lightings typical in the United States and desired more bright illuminating lights. 3) Participants kept their habit of taking off shoes indoors while living in the United States, therefore when designing a house for Koreans living in the U.S., designers should take this into account when designing for Korean residents. 4) Among the American interior elements, storage such as walk-in closets and bathroom cabinets were highly demanded by Koreans, thus possibly to be adopted to Korean houses. Researchers expect the results of this study would contribute to supplying comfortable and convenient living environments to those Koreans living in the United States.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.189-199
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• 2005

The grid computing is a technique to solve big problems such as a field of scientific technique by sharing the computing power and a big storage space of the numerous computers on the distributed network. The environment of the grid computing is composed with the WAN which has a different performance and a heterogeneous network condition. Therefore, it is more important to reflect heterogeneous performance elements to calculation work. In this paper, we propose an efficient method that decides work process number of each node by considering a network state information. The network state information considers the latency, the bandwidth and latency-bandwidth mixture information. First, using information which was measured, we compute the performance ratio and decide work process number of each node. Finally, RSL file was created automatically based on work process number which was decided, and then accomplishes a work. The network performance information is collected by the NWS. According to experimental results, the method which was considered of network performance information is improved respectively 23%, 31%, and 57%, compared to the methods of existing in a viewpoint of work amount, work process number, and node number.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.128-133
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• 2017

In recent years, the number of systems for the analysis of large volumes of data is increasing. Hadoop, a representative big data system, stores and processes the large data in the distributed environment of multiple servers, where system-resource management is very important. The authors attempted to detect anomalies from the rapid changing of the log data that are collected from the multiple servers using simple but efficient anomaly-detection techniques. Accordingly, an Apache Hive storage architecture was designed to store the log data that were collected from the multiple servers in the Hadoop ecosystem. Also, three anomaly-detection techniques were designed based on the moving-average and 3-sigma concepts. It was finally confirmed that all three of the techniques detected the abnormal intervals correctly, while the weighted anomaly-detection technique is more precise than the basic techniques. These results show an excellent approach for the detection of log-data anomalies with the use of simple techniques in the Hadoop ecosystem.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.67-84
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• 2020

Given the recent surge of interest towards utilization of renewable distributed energy resources (DER), in particular in remote areas, this paper aims at designing an optimal hybrid system in order to supply loads of a village located in Esfarayen, North Khorasan, Iran. This paper illustrates the optimal design procedure of a standalone hybrid system which consists of Wind Turbine Generator (WTG), Photo Voltaic (PV), Diesel-generator, and Battery denoting as the Energy Storage System (ESS). The WTGs and PVs are considered as the main producers since the site's ambient conditions are suitable for such producers. Moreover, batteries are employed to smooth out the variable outputs of these renewable resources. To this end, whenever the available power generation is higher than the demanded amount, the excess energy will be stored in ESS to be injected into the system in the time of insufficient power generation. Since the standalone system is assumed to have no connection to the upstream network, it must be able to supply the loads without any load curtailment. In this regard, a Diesel-Generator can also be integrated to achieve zero loss of load. The optimal hybrid system design problem is a discrete optimization problem that is solved, here, by means of a recently-introduced meta-heuristic optimization algorithm known as Lightning Attachment Procedure Optimization (LAPO). The results are compared to those of some other methods and discussed in detail. The results also show that the total cost of the designed stand-alone system in 25 years is around 92M€ which is much less than the grid-connected system with the total cost of 205M€. In summary, the obtained simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the utilized optimization algorithm in finding the best results, and the designed hybrid system in serving the remote loads.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.1005-1012
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• 2020

Acid mine drainage (AMD) has been a serious environmental issue that threatens soil and aquatic ecosystems. In this study, an acid-tolerant sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain S4, was isolated from the mud of an AMD storage pond in Vietnam via enrichment in anoxic mineral medium at pH 5. Comparative analyses of sequences of the 16S rRNA gene and dsrB gene involved in sulfate reduction revealed that the isolate belonged to the genus Desulfovibrio, and is most closely related to Desulfovibrio oxamicus (with 99% homology in 16S rDNA sequence and 98% homology in dsrB gene sequence). Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analyses of dsrB gene showed that strain S4 represented one of the two most abundant groups developed in the enrichment culture. Notably, strain S4 was capable of reducing sulfate in low pH environments (from 2 and above), and resistance to extremely high concentration of heavy metals (Fe 3,000 mg/l, Zn 100 mg/l, Cu 100 mg/l). In a batch incubation experiment in synthetic AMD with pH 3.5, strain S4 showed strong effects in facilitating growth of a neutrophilic, metal sensitive Desulfovibrio sp. strain SR4H, which was not capable of growing alone in such an environment. Thus, it is postulated that under extreme conditions such as an AMD environment, acid- and metal-tolerant sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)-like strain S4 would facilitate the growth of other widely distributed SRB by starting to reduce sulfate at low pH, thus increasing pH and lowering the metal concentration in the environment. Owing to such unique physiological characteristics, strain S4 shows great potential for application in sustainable remediation of AMD.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.39-50
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• 2012

Battlefield management systems are operated by the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) and cryptographic equipment is distributed through the personal delivery to the enemy has deodorizing prone to structure. In addition, Per person each battlefield management system (C4I) encryption key operate and authentication module to manage multiple encryption so, encryption key operating is restrictions. Analysis of the problems of this public key infrastructure(PKI), Identity-Based Cryptosystem(IBC) and Attribute-Based Cryptosystem(ABC) to compare construct the future of encrypt ion and authentication system were studied. Authentication method for the connection between the system that supports data encryption and secure data communication, storage, and communication scheme is proposed.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.1280-1287
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• 2019

Grid-connected bidirectional PCS(Power Conditioning System) technology is a technology for implementing distributed renewable energy smart grid. And it is always charged by using power collected from solar modules and commercial grid power among vast smart grid systems, and stored when needed.It is a hybrid energy storage device that allows power to be released into the low voltage system. To this end, a PV input power converter with MPPT function, a bidirectional power converter for battery charging and discharging, and a DC Link input are output to a 3 phase 380V AC system, and if nessary, the bidirectional DC/DC converter We designed and developed a PCS with three power converter structures composed of inverters that perform battery charging. Currently, this system is applied to the site of Jeju, which is vulnerable to power outages and fire accidents.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.308-314
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• 2018

PURPOSE. Plasma activation of hydrophobic zirconia surfaces might be suitable to improve the bond strength of luting materials. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of nonthermal argon-plasma on the shear bond strength (SBS) between zirconia and different combinations of 10-MDP adhesive systems and luting composites after artificial aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Two hundred forty Y-TZP specimens were ground automatically with $165{\mu}m$ grit and water cooling. Half of the specimens received surface activation with nonthermal argon-plasma. The specimens were evenly distributed into three groups according to the adhesive systems ([Futurabond U, Futurabond M, Futurabond M + DCA], VOCO GmbH, Germany, Cuxhaven) and into further two subgroups according to the luting materials ([Bifix SE, Bifix QM], VOCO GmbH). Each specimen underwent artificial aging by thermocycling and water storage. SBS was measured in a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and $Scheff{\grave{e}}$ procedure with the level of significance set to 0.05. RESULTS. Surface activation with nonthermal plasma did not improve the bond strength between zirconia and the tested combinations of adhesive systems and luting materials. The plasma-activation trended to reveal higher bond strength if the self-etch luting material (Bifix SE) was used, irrespective of the adhesive system. CONCLUSION. Plasma-activation seems to be suitable to improve bond strength between zirconia and self-etch resin materials. However, further research is necessary to identify the influence of varying plasma-parameters.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

Properly designed plastic packages of fresh produce can preserve the quality by maintaining the optimal modified atmosphere (MA) at optimal low temperature conditions, but cannot do so at temperature abuse conditions in retail stage due to occurrence of injurious package atmosphere coming from imbalance between respiration and package gas permeation. Master packaging system consisting of a double-layered secondary package wrapping several individual (primary) packages has been proposed and applied recently to the commodities of sweet persimmon, king oyster mushroom, chestnut and strawberry. The master (secondary) pack is designed to be stored and distributed under chilled temperature, and then dismantled when moved to the retail display from the presale chilled storage. The master packaging system taking into consideration temperature dependence of produce respiration and package gas transfer was looked into with examination of its design variables to maintain the beneficial MA. Mathematical model was provided to help the design of master packaging system creating the desired MA. Its benefits of quality preservation and its limitations in practices of fresh produce marketing were discussed. Further research direction to extend the applicability of the produce master packaging system was presented.