• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제9C권2호
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• pp.283-292
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 무선/이동 인터넷 환경에서 실시간 트래픽의 QoS 보장을 위한 자원 관리 기법에 대해서 연구한다. 이동단말은 이동성때문에 실시간 응용 서비스에서 요구하는 QoS에 중요한 영향을 갖는다. 현재 제안된 MRSVP는 자원 예약 지역 경계의 불명확성과 또한 세션들을 유지하기 위한 신호 과부하를 발생시킬 수 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해, MRSVP[1-5]와 이동 클러스터 개념을 조합한 신규자원 예약 프로토콜-이동클러스 기반의 H-MRSVP(Hierarchical MRSVP)-을 제안한다. 본 논문에서는 실시간 이동 호에 대한 이동 클러스터 기반의 H-MRSVP의 분석적인 모델을 설계하고, 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 보호채널 할당 방식, 분산 호 수락제어 기법과 비교 분석한다. 성능 목표값으로는 신규호 차단율, 핸드오프 호 손실율, 무선 시스템에서이 채널 이용율과 호의 서비스 완료율을 보았다. 결과적으로 제안된 기법이 DCA보다는 채널 이용율 측면에서 좀더 유연하고, 보호채널기법보다는 이동호에 대한 좋은 채널 할당을 한다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2016

PURPOSES : The use of roller-compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) is an environmentally friendly method of construction that utilizes the aggregate interlock effect by means of a hydration reaction and roller compacting, demonstrating a superb structural performance with a relatively small unit water content and unit cement content. However, even if an excellent structural performance was secured through a previous study, the verification research on the environmental load and long-term durability was conducted under unsatisfactory conditions. In order to secure longterm durability, the construction of an appropriate internal air-void structure is required. In this study, a method of improving the long-term durability of RCCP will be suggested by analyzing the internal air-void structure and relevant durability of roller-compacted concrete. METHODS : The method of improving the long-term durability involves measurements of the air content, air voids, and air-spacing factor in RCCP that experiences a change in terms of the kind of air-entraining agent and chemical admixture proportions. This test should be conducted on the basis of test criteria such as ASTM C 457, 672, and KS F 2456. RESULTS : Freezing, thawing, and scaling resistance tests of roller compacted concrete without a chemical admixture showed that it was weak. However, as a result of conducting air entraining (AE) with an AE agent, a large amount of air was distributed with a range of 2~3%, and an air void spacing factor ranging from 200 to $300{\mu}m$ (close to $250{\mu}m$) coming from PCA was secured. Accordingly, the freezing and thawing resistance was improved, with a relative dynamic elastic modulus of more than 80%, and the scaling resistance was improved under the appropriate AE agent content rate. CONCLUSIONS : The long-term durability of RCCP has a direct relationship with the air-void spacing factor, and it can be secured only by ensuring the air void spacing factor through air entraining with the inclusion of an AE agent.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 1983

경계요소법에 의하여 U자형 홈(groove)을 가진 평판이 측면 분포하중을 받을 때 끝부에 위치할 원형 Hole의 최적 위치의 해석을 행하고 동일한 모델(model)에 대하여 실험결과를 비교하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻게 되었다. 1. 원형 Hole이 U자형 홈(groove)에 가까이 접근하게 됨에 따라 초기의 원형 Hole은 c.-c.선에 수직방향이 그 장축이 되는 타원형으로 변화됨을 알 수 있다. 2. 원형 Hole이 U-groove에 접근함에 따라 Hole 과 Groove 사이의 Neck부는 그 횡단면응력이 인장 및 압축이 동시에 존재하다가 점점 전체가 인장역이 됨을 알 수 있다. 3. 원형 Hole이 Groove에 접근함에 따라 판재경계와 Hole 사이의 목(neck)부분은 계속적인 압축상태를 유지한다. 4. U-groove쪽의 Neck area의 응력분포는 그 최대응력치가 Hole로 접근함에 따라 가속적으로 증가하고 Hole의 찌그러짐(distortion)의 방지를 위한 Hole의 최적중심의 위치는 Neck부의 Hole 측면의 압축응력치가 0이 되지 않는 범위가 한계임을 알 수 있다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.737-743
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 비균일 부하의 다중 셀 CDMA시스템에서 복수의 서비스 종류를 고려한 효율적인 호 수락제어 기법을 제안한다. CDMA 시스템에서는 각 셀에서 동시에 통화할 수 있는 이동 가입자들의 수는 각 기지국이 수신하는 총 간섭량에 따라 제약을 받고, 또한 서비스 받는 이동 가입자의 수는 각 기지국마다 균일하지 않게 분포될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 등가대역 개념을 이용한 호 수락 제어 방법을 사용하며, 신규 호의 차단율 및 핸드오프 호의 절단율을 감소시키기 위해 차단율(blocking rate)과 절단율(dropping rate)에 따라 각 셀의 대역폭을 가변시켜 신규 호와 핸드오프 호를 처리한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 기법의 성능은 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 수행 해 본 결과, 이동 가입자의 수용 용량을 증가시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2016년도 학술발표회
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• pp.188-188
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• 2016

The Mekong which is one of the world's most significant rivers plays an extremely important role to South East Asia. Lying across six riparian countries including China, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam and being a greatly biological and ecological diversity of fishes, the river supports a huge population who living along Mekong Basin River. Therefore, much attention has been focused on the giant Mekong Basin River, particularly, the soil erosion and sedimentation problems which rise critical impacts on irrigation, agriculture, navigation, fisheries and aquatic ecosystem. In fact, there have been many methods to calculate these problems; however, in the case of Mekong, the available data have significant limitations because of large area (about 795 00 km2) and a failure by management agencies to analyze and publish of developing countries in Mekong Basin River. As a result, the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) model in a GIS (Geographic Information System) framework was applied in this study. The USLE factors contain the rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, slope length, steepness, crop management and conservation practices which are represented by raster layers in GIS environment. In the final step, these factors were multiplied together to estimate the soil erosion rate in the study area by using spatial analyst tool in the ArcGIS 10.2 software. The spatial distribution of soil loss result will be used to support river basin management to find the subtainable management practices by showing the position and amount of soil erosion and sediment load in the dangerous areas during the selected 56- year period from 1952 to 2007.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제6권5_6호
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• pp.579-593
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• 2010

Low-power radio frequency (RF) chip transceiver technology and the associated structural health monitoring platforms have matured recently to enable high-rate, lossless transmission of measurement data across large-scale sensor networks. The intrinsic value of these advanced capabilities is the allowance for high-quality, rapid operational modal analysis of in-service structures using distributed accelerometers to experimentally characterize the dynamic response. From the analysis afforded through these dynamic data sets, structural identification techniques can then be utilized to develop a well calibrated finite element (FE) model of the structure for baseline development, extended analytical structural evaluation, and load response assessment. This paper presents a case study in which operational modal analysis is performed on a three-span prestressed reinforced concrete bridge using a wireless sensor network. The low-power wireless platform deployed supported a high-rate, lossless transmission protocol enabling real-time remote acquisition of the vibration response as recorded by twenty-nine accelerometers at a 256 Sps sampling rate. Several instrumentation layouts were utilized to assess the global multi-span response using a stationary sensor array as well as the spatially refined response of a single span using roving sensors and reference-based techniques. Subsequent structural identification using FE modeling and iterative updating through comparison with the experimental analysis is then documented to demonstrate the inherent value in dynamic response measurement across structural systems using high-rate wireless sensor networks.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.602-608
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• 2021

최근에는 다양한 보강재를 매트릭스에 혼입하는 방식으로 콘크리트 재료에 다양한 유형의 성능을 부여하는 연구 개발이 이루어지고 있다. 다량의 섬유를 사용하여 배합된 고인성 콘크리트는 다중균열분산 특성을 가지고 있으며, 이에 대한 다양한 연구가 수행되고 있다. 하지만 정적 하중에 대한 연구가 집중되고 있으며, 반복적인 하중에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 섬유비율을 달리한 고인성 콘크리트로 보를 제작하였고, 정적 휨시험과 피로 휨시험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 섬유 함량이 휨 거동에 미치는 영향을 분석하였고, 고인성 콘크리트의 하중-수명 관계를 S-N관계식으로 제안하였다. 2%의 섬유 혼입량으로 고인성 특성의 콘크리트를 배합할 수 있었다. 0.5% 섬유를 추가하는 경우 최대 휨강도는 유사하지만 휨인성은 2배 가까이 향상되는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 두 배합의 피로수명은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2019

Low power issue is one of the most critical problems in the Internet of Things (IoT), which are powered by battery. To solve this problem, various approaches have been presented so far. In this paper, we propose a method to reduce the power consumption by reducing the numbers of accesses into the flash memory consuming a large amount of power for on-chip software execution. Our approach is based on using cooperative logging structure to distribute the sampling overhead in single sensor node to adjacent nodes in case of rare-event applications. The proposed algorithm to identify event occurrence is newly introduced with negative feedback method by observing difference between past data and recent data coming from the sensor. When an event with need of flash access is determined, the proposed approach only allows access to write the sampled data in flash memory. The proposed event detection algorithm (EDA) result in 30% reduction of power consumption compared to the conventional flash write scheme for all cases of event. The sampled data from the sensor is first traced into the random access memory (RAM), and write access to the flash memory is delayed until the page buffer of the on-chip flash memory controller in the micro controller unit (MCU) is full of the numbers of the traced data, thereby reducing the frequency of accessing flash memory. This technique additionally reduces power consumption by 40% compared to flash-write all data. By sharing the sampling information via LoRa channel, the overhead in sampling data is distributed, to reduce the sampling load on each node, so that the 66% reduction of total power consumption is achieved in several IoT edge nodes by removing the sampling operation of duplicated data.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.339-346
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• 2018

This study investigated the microstructure and wear properties of extruded hyper-eutectic Al-Si (15wt.%) alloy in an engine oil environment. The wear mechanism of the material was also analyzed and compared to conventional gray cast iron. In microstructural observation results of Al-15wt.%Si alloy, primary Si phase ($45.3{\mu}m$) and eutectic Si phase ($3.1{\mu}m$) were found in the matrix, and the precipitations of $Mg_2Si({\beta}^{\prime})$, $Al_2Cu({\theta}^{\prime})$ and $Al_6(Mn,Fe)$ were also detected. In the case of gray cast iron, ferrite and pearlite were observed. It was also observed that flake graphite ($20-130{\mu}m$) were randomly distributed. Wear rates were lower in the Al-Si alloy as compared to those of gray cast iron in all load conditions, confirming the outstanding wear resistance of Al-15wt.%Si alloy in engine oil environment. In the $4kg_f$ condition, the wear rate of gray cast iron was $6.0{\times}10^{-5}$ and that of Al-Si measured $0.8{\times}10^{-5}$. The microstructures after wear of the two materials were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The primary Si and eutectic Si of Al-Si alloy effectively mitigated the abrasive wear, and the Al matrix effectively endured to accept a significant amount of plastic deformation caused by wear.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제71권4호
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• pp.433-444
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• 2019

Shear studs are often used to connect steel girders and concrete deck to form a composite bridge system. The application of precast concrete deck to steel-concrete composite bridges can improve the strength of decks and reduce the shrinkage and creep effect on the long-term behavior of structures. How to ensure the connection between steel girders and concrete deck directly influences the composite behavior between steel girder and precast concrete deck as well as the behavior of the structure system. Compared with traditional multi-I girder systems, a twin-I girder composite bridge system is more simplified but may lead to additional requirements on the shear studs connecting steel girders and decks due to the larger girder spacing. Up to date, only very limited quantity of researches has been conducted regarding the behavior of shear studs on twin-I girder bridge systems. One convenient way for steel composite bridge system is to cast concrete deck in place with shear studs uniformly-distributed along the span direction. For steel composite bridge system using precast concrete deck, voids are included in the precast concrete deck segments, and they are casted with cast-in-place concrete after the concrete segments are erected. In this paper, several sets of push-out tests are conducted, which are used to investigate the heavier of shear studs within the voids in the precast concrete deck. The test data are analyzed and compared with those from finite element models. A simplified shear stud model is proposed using a beam element instead of solid elements. It is used in the finite element model analyses of the twin-I girder composite bridge system to relieve the computational efforts of the shear studs. Additionally, a parametric study is developed to find the effects of void size, void spacing, and shear stud diameter and spacing. Finally, the recommendations are given for the design of precast deck using void for twin I-girder bridge systems.